Exploration of maximum unbalance of a turboshaft engine according to airworthiness requirements
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摘要:
以国内某在研民用涡轴发动机为对象,系统开展基于适航要求的最大不平衡探索研究。统计分析同构型同量级某在役涡轴发动机首次翻修间隔期不平衡量恶化情况,得到该涡轴发动机正常服役不平衡量恶化分布于20~70 g·mm,极个别情况下达到80 g·mm以上,接近100 g·mm。在此基础上,基于短轴承半油膜模型进行该涡轴发动机转子不平衡响应计算分析,并在转子和整机平台上进行了最大不平衡探索试验。计算与试验结果均表明,在正常服役平衡恶化(70 g·mm)下,该发动机全转速范围振动平稳,能够稳定工作;特殊情况下,当不平衡量达到并超过100 g·mm时,发动机振动较大,尤其是不平衡呈反相位分布时,激起转子在第2阶临界转速区域剧烈振动,覆盖转速范围更宽,发动机无法正常工作。
Abstract:Taking a domestic independently-developed civil turboshaft engine in development as the object, the maximum unbalance exploration research based on airworthiness requirements was carried out. The deterioration of unbalance during the first TBO of an in-service turboshaft engine was statistically analyzed, finding this turboshaft engine had the same configuration and the same magnitude with this one researched in this paper. The deterioration of unbalance in normal service of this turboshaft engine was 20−70 g·mm, and in those rare cases it reached above 80 g·mm, close to 100 g·mm. On this basis, the unbalance response of the turboshaft engine was analyzed based on the short bearing π oil film model, and the maximum unbalance exploratory experiment was carried out both on a rotor test device and an engine test device. The calculation and experiment results showed that, the engine could work stably at all speeds in normal service unbalance deterioration (70 g·mm); under special cases, when the unbalance reached and exceeded 100 g·mm, the engine vibrated seriously, especially when the unbalance was of out-of-phase distribution, the engine vibrated violently during the 2st critical speed region. The vibration speed range was wider, and the engine could not work properly.
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Key words:
- airworthiness /
- turboshaft engine /
- rotor /
- maximum unbalance /
- vibration
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表 1 某涡轴发动机不平衡量恶化
Table 1. Unbalance deterioration of a turboshaft engine
序号 不平衡量/(g·mm) 出厂 返厂 变化 前 后 前 后 前 后 1 3.3 4.4 27.6 56.6 24.3 52.2 2 2.7 1.8 35.2 29 32.5 27.2 3 5.5 6.9 112.6 52.9 107.1 46 4 4.4 5.2 47.2 33.2 42.8 28 5 3.8 4.3 46.4 69 42.6 64.7 6 5.8 3.4 51.6 79.6 45.8 76.2 7 4.2 3.8 37.8 55.4 33.6 51.6 8 2.8 2.7 58.2 45.6 55.4 42.9 9 5.4 5.6 44.6 65.8 39.2 60.2 10 1.8 5.3 43 51.2 41.2 45.9 11 3.4 2.2 72.2 99 68.8 96.8 12 5.6 4.2 18.9 30.6 13.3 26.4 13 4.6 6.2 36.2 64 31.6 57.8 14 1.2 6.4 61.6 38 60.4 31.6 15 4.3 1.8 89.6 66.4 85.3 64.6 16 3.4 3.2 67.8 30 64.4 26.8 17 4.1 7.5 29 35 24.9 27.5 18 5.1 4.5 51.8 47.6 46.7 43.1 19 1.5 5.6 69.2 76.6 67.7 71 20 2.9 6.4 18.62 52 15.72 45.6 21 5.7 1.8 28.8 18.78 23.1 16.98 22 1.8 3.1 47.9 90.2 46.1 87.1 表 2 某涡轴发动机燃气发生器转子临界转速
Table 2. Critical speeds of a turboshaft engine gas generator rotor
阶次 临界转速/(r/min) 模态振型 第1阶 10500 平动 第2阶 22500 俯仰 第3阶 67500 弯曲 表 3 计算中的不平衡量
Table 3. Unbalance in calculations
序号 不平衡量/(g·mm) 说明 前 后 1 6 8 出厂限制 2 70 70 正常服役恶化 3 140 140 特殊工况 表 4 转子试验不平衡状态
Table 4. Unbalance in rotor experiments
序号 不平衡量/(g·mm) 说明 前 后 1 3 5 初始状态 2 80 77 同相位 3 151 163 同相位 4 68 73 反相位 5 98 94 反相位 表 5 整机试验不平衡状态
Table 5. Unbalance in whole engine experiments
序号 不平衡量/(g·mm) 说明 前 后 1 2 3 出厂限制 2 149 160 相位差为2° 3 51 73 相位差为172° 4 125 151 相位差为205° -
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