航空发动机燃油计量装置稳态特性仿真

杨世宇; 林远方; 徐向华; 梁新刚

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220776

航空发动机燃油计量装置稳态特性仿真

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220776

清华大学航天航空学院，北京 100084

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项(2019-Ⅲ-0001-0044)

详细信息

作者简介:
杨世宇（1997-），男，博士生，主要从事航空发动机燃油系统研究

中图分类号: V233.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-09
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-27

Simulation on steady-state characteristics of aero-engine fuel regulation device

School of Aerospace Engineering，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084，China

摘要

摘要:
为研究燃油计量装置的稳态工作特性，提升质量流量调控性能，基于Python语言自主开发了航空发动机燃油系统一维稳态流动仿真程序，通过建立完善的部件库和高效的求解算法，实现了含压力控制部件的复杂流路仿真模拟。从系统的角度分析了计量装置的工作特点和各参数对流动的影响规律，结果表明：在设计点工况下，计量活门能够正常工作的开度范围是0.3～0.85，过大或过小的开度均不利于质量流量的调控；仅有预紧力可以改变计量活门的开启边界，压差活门参数对供油性能的影响程度随计量活门的开度呈现单调变化；在压差活门的作用下，燃烧室供油量对各系统参数的敏感性较低，参数改变范围内的变化不大于10%，燃油泵的内泄漏是影响供油量的重要因素之一。
- 燃油计量 /
- 计量活门 /
- 压差活门 /
- 航空发动机 /
- 流体网络法 /
- 稳态特性
Abstract:
In order to study the steady-state operating characteristics of fuel regulation device and improve the flow control performance, a one-dimensional steady-state flow simulation program for aero-engine fuel system was developed based on Python language. By establishing a complete component library and efficient solution algorithm, the simulation of a fuel flow regulation system with pressure control components was realized. From the view of system, the working characteristics of the regulation device and the influence of parameters on the flow were analyzed. The results showed that under the working condition of the design point, the normal-working opening range of the metering valve was 0.3—0.85, and too large or too small opening was not conducive to the control of fuel flow. Only the preload can change the opening boundary of the metering valve. The influences of differential pressure valve parameters on the oil supply varied monotonically with the opening of the metering valve. Under the function of differential pressure valve, the oil supply to the combustor was less sensitive to the parameters of the system, and the change was less than 10%. It was found that internal leakage of the fuel pump served as an important factor affecting the fuel supply.
- fuel regulation /
- metering valve /
- differential pressure valve /
- aero-engine /
- fluid network method /
- steady-state characteristic

HTML

图 1 压差式燃油供油系统^[11]

Figure 1. Differential pressure fuel supply system^[11]

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图 2 压差活门工作原理^[12]

Figure 2. Working principle of differential pressure valve^[12]

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图 3 航空发动机燃油系统结构

Figure 3. Construction of aero-engine fuel system

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图 4 计量活门全开度范围工作特性

Figure 4. Characteristics of metering valve in full opening range

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图 5 压差活门参数对正常工作区的影响

Figure 5. Influence of differential pressure valve parameters on normal working zone

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图 6 回油孔阻力对供油性能的影响

Figure 6. Influence of returning hole resistance on oil supply performance

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图 7 弹簧刚度对供油性能的影响

Figure 7. Influence of spring stiffness on oil supply performance

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图 8 预紧力对供油性能的影响

Figure 8. Influence of preload on oil supply performance

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图 9 供油量系统参数敏感性分析

Figure 9. Sensitivity analysis of system parameters to oil supply

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表 1 设计点工况的主要参数

Table 1. Main parameters on design point

参数	数值
燃油箱压力/$ \mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a} $	0.1
油温/$ \mathrm{K} $	293.15
燃油泵排量/$ {10}^{-6} $（$ {\mathrm{m}}^{3}/\mathrm{r}） $	$ 5 $
燃油泵泄漏系数/$ {10}^{-8} $	$ 1 $
压差活门面积/${10}^{-4} $$ {\mathrm{m}}^{2} $	$ 3.14 $
弹簧弹性系数/（$ \mathrm{N}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{m}） $	15
喷油环阻力系数	50
回油阀阻力系数	800
机载设备换热器阻力系数	$ 44.28{Re}^{-0.227} $
计量活门阻力系数	$ 80\left(1+\dfrac{1}{{S}_{\mathrm{m}}^{2}}\right) $
燃烧室压力/$ \mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a} $	2
管道内径/$ \mathrm{m} $	0.02
管段长度/$ \mathrm{m} $	0.2
燃油泵转速/（$ \mathrm{r}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}） $	8000
增压泵转速/（$ \mathrm{r}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}） $	12000
压差活门行程/$ \mathrm{m}\mathrm{m} $	2.1
压差活门预紧力/$ \mathrm{N} $	94
油滤阻力系数	5
燃/滑油换热器阻力系数	$ 45.09{Re}^{-0.254} $
压差活门阻力系数	$ 200\left(1+\dfrac{1}{{S}_{\mathrm{d}}^{2}}\right) $
注：表中$ {S}_{\mathrm{d}} $为压差活门开度。

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