蒸发腔结构对V型稳定器流动和火焰发展机理的影响研究

缪俊杰; 李宪开; 尹超; 姜凯琳; 范育新

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220815

蒸发腔结构对V型稳定器流动和火焰发展机理的影响研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220815

缪俊杰^{1, 2,},
李宪开²,
尹超²,
姜凯琳¹,
范育新^1,*, ,

1.
南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院，南京 210016
2.
中国航空工业集团有限公司沈阳飞机设计研究所扬州协同创新研究院有限公司，江苏扬州 225111

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（2017-Ⅲ-0007-0033）

详细信息

作者简介:
缪俊杰（1994-），男，高级工程师，博士，主要从事组合动力推进系统研究。E-mail：miaojunjie1031@nuaa.edu.cn

通讯作者:
范育新（1967-），女，教授、博士生导师，博士，主要从事航空宇航推进燃烧技术研究。E-mail：fanyuxin@nuaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-24
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-13

Effect of evaporation chamber structure on flow characteristics and flame development mechanisms of V-gutter flameholder

MIAO Junjie^{1, 2
,},
LI Xiankai²,
YIN Chao²,
JIANG Kailin¹,
FAN Yuxin^{1,*
, ,}

1.
College of Energy and Power Engineering，Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Nanjing 210016，China
2.
Yangzhou Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Company Limited，Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute，Aviation Industry Corporation of China，Limited，Yangzhou Jiangsu 225111，China

摘要

摘要:
针对一种蒸发腔V型火焰稳定器，研究了Ma=0.15～0.35及320 K来流条件下蒸发腔结构参数对V型稳定器流动和火焰发展机理的影响，揭示了蒸发腔V型稳定器的火焰稳定机理，并总结了进气面积和蒸发孔总面积与进气面积比等蒸发腔结构参数对贫油点、熄火性能的影响规律。研究结果表明：点火过程中火焰不稳定造成的熄火与富油熄火相似，是高油量下点火瞬变带来的燃油蒸发积累所致。增加蒸发孔总面积与进气面积比虽然能扩大值班回流区、增强火焰稳定性，但会削弱燃油雾化、降低化学反应速率，导致火焰发展减缓、火焰强度降低。而增加进气面积能同时扩大值班回流区并改善燃油雾化效果，加速火焰发展并促使火焰稳定机制向贫油稳焰机制转变，更有利于提高贫油点、熄火性能。
- V型稳定器 /
- 蒸发腔结构 /
- 流动特性 /
- 火焰发展机理 /
- 点熄火性能
Abstract:
The effect of evaporation chamber structure on flow characteristics and flame development mechanisms of a novel evaporating V-gutter flameholder at Ma=0.15—0.35 and 320 K was studied by numerical simulation and experimental methods, and the flame stabilization mechanisms at lean and rich states were revealed. The effects of the structural parameters of the evaporation chamber, such as the intake area and the ratio of evaporation holes’ area to the intake area, on the performance of lean ignition and blowout were summarized. The results showed that the flame quenching caused by flame instability during ignition was similar to that at rich state, due to the enhanced fuel accumulation caused by ignition transience. Rising the ratio of evaporation holes’ area to the intake area can expand the pilot recirculation zone and enhance the flame stability, but it may weaken the fuel atomization and reduce the chemical reaction rate, resulting in a slower flame development and a lower flame intensity. Increasing the intake area can simultaneously expand the pilot recirculation zone and improve the fuel atomization, thereby accelerating the flame development and promoting the transition towards the flame stabilization mechanism at lean state, making it more conducive to improving the lean ignition and flame-holding performance of the evaporating V-gutter flameholder.
- V-gutter flameholder /
- evaporation chamber structure /
- flow characteristics /
- flame development mechanisms /
- performance of lean ignition and blowout

HTML

图 1 蒸发腔V型稳定器结构示意图（单位：mm）

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of V-gutter flameholder with evaporation chamber （unit：mm）

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图 2 试验系统

Figure 2. Experimental facility

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图 3 供油点火位置及液雾外形（单位：mm）

Figure 3. Design of atomizer/ignition position and corresponding spray pattern （unit：mm）

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图 4 算例验证

Figure 4. Code validation

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图 5 不同蒸发孔总面积和进气面积比下V型稳定器流场结构

Figure 5. Flow patterns of V-gutter flameholder with various ratios of evaporation-hole area and air-scoop area

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图 6 不同进气面积下V型稳定器流场结构

Figure 6. Flow patterns of V-gutter flameholder with various air-scoop areas

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图 7 熄火过程对比

Figure 7. Comparison of flame extinction process

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图 8 蒸发腔V型稳定器火焰稳定机制

Figure 8. Flame stabilization mechanism of V-gutter flameholder with evaporation chamber

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图 9 不同蒸发孔总面积和进气面积比下V型稳定器点火过程

Figure 9. Ignition process of V-gutter flameholder with various ratios of evaporation-hole area and air-scoop area

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图 10 不同进气面积下V型稳定器点火过程

Figure 10. Ignition process of V-gutter flameholder with various air-scoop areas

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图 11 不同蒸发孔总面积和进气面积比下V型稳定器贫油点、熄火油气比

Figure 11. Lean ignition and blowout fuel/air ratio of V-gutter flameholder with various ratios of evaporation-hole area and air-scoop area

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图 12 不同进气面积下蒸发腔V型稳定器贫油点、熄火油气比

Figure 12. Lean ignition and blowout fuel/air ratio of V-gutter flameholder with various air-scoop areas

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表 1 V型稳定器蒸发腔结构参数

Table 1. Structural parameters of evaporation chamber for V-gutter flameholder

结构	D/mm	r	d/mm	R
D5.3R1.0	5.3	0.01	1.6	1.0
D5.3R1.5	5.3	0.01	2.0	1.5
D5.3R2.0	5.3	0.01	2.3	2.0
D6.0R1.5	6.0	0.015	2.5	1.5
D6.6R1.5	6.6	0.02	2.8	1.5

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表 2 测量设备精度

Table 2. Accuracy of the measuring equipments

测量设备	测量误差
热式气体质量流量计	±1.0%\|Q_g\|
精密压力传感器	±0.5%\|P_s\|
K型热电偶	±0.4%\|T_t\|
椭圆齿轮流量计	±0.5%\|Q_f\|

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表 3 试验工况

Table 3. Experimental conditions

参数	数值
来流温度/K	320
来流马赫数	0.15～0.35
操作压力/kPa	101.0
燃油流量/（g/s）	0.1～12.0

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表 4 数值计算边界条件

Table 4. Boundary conditions in the simulation

边界条件	位置	参数
速度进口	空气进口	V=100 m/s; T=320 K
压力出口	出口	p_a=101 kPa
壁面	固壁	V=0；$\partial $T/$\partial $n=0

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表 5 不同蒸发腔结构的V型稳定器内、外回流区的涡心位置（X, Y）

Table 5. Vortex centers （X, Y） of V-gutter flameholder with different evaporation chambers

结构	值班回流区涡心/mm		主流回流区涡心/mm
结构	上涡	下涡	上涡	下涡
D5.3R1.0	（18.25, 8.35）	（18.06, −8.12）	（102.13, 12.78）	（104.24, −12.41）
D5.3R1.5	（18.9, 8.99）	（18.05, −8.6）	（109.56, 12.36）	（104.47, −13.09）
D5.3R2.0	（20.01, 10.29）	（19.63, −9.84）	（118.44, 13.16）	（109.54, −14）
D6.0R1.5	（18.21, 10.04）	（18.71, −10.15）	（105.16, 12.81）	（105.22, −12.83）
D6.6R1.5	（23.06, 11.57）	（23.06, −11.48）	（126.85, 12.14）	（112.68, −13.47）

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表 6 蒸发孔下游燃油平均粒径

Table 6. SMDs downstream evaporation-hole

结构	SMD/μm
结构	Ma=0.1	Ma=0.2	Ma=0.3
D5.3R1.0	248.69	78.89	45.29
D5.3R1.5	355.84	117.40	66.69
D5.3R2.0	394.34	126.04	77.20
D6.0R1.5	349.00	100.27	28.97
D6.6R1.5	278.07	77.34	29.15

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