变温循环冷气对涡轮导叶寿命影响

陈英涛; 梁书伟; 艾延廷; 梁子键

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220834

变温循环冷气对涡轮导叶寿命影响

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220834

沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室，沈阳 110136

详细信息

作者简介:
陈英涛（1975-），男，副教授、硕士生导师，博士生，主要从事发动机整机振动测试分析与故障诊断等方面的研究

通讯作者:
梁书伟（1998-），男，硕士生，主要研究叶片热疲劳方向。E-mail：2241620854@qq.com

中图分类号: V232.4
计量
- 文章访问数: 128
- HTML浏览量: 51
- PDF量: 51
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-02
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-04

Influence of variable temperature circulating air on turbine guide vane life

Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Measurement and Test Technology for Aviation Propulsion System，School of Aero-engine，Shenyang Aerospace University，Shenyang 110136，China

摘要

摘要:
为提高燃气轮机涡轮导叶的可靠性及其使用寿命，引入变温循环冷气的概念，以某涡轮叶片为例，开展了燃气涡轮叶片热冲击循环疲劳寿命研究，对燃气轮机涡轮导叶进行启-停循环载荷谱下的应力状态的三维流固热耦合有限元分析，针对叶片在变温循环冷气的热冲击应力变化规律，得到叶片在循环中的稳态与过渡态下的温度场、应力场分布，之后对各个计算工况下的叶片结构强度与疲劳寿命进行分析与评估。搭建试验台，对该型燃气轮机涡轮导叶进行定温冷气循环下的热冲击疲劳试验，与有限元分析结果进行比对，得到结论：三维流固热耦合有限元分析所得叶片应力较大区域为叶片尾缘及叶盆中部，与热冲击试验所得破坏区一致，通过改变冷气循环温度可有效地提高叶片热疲劳寿命。
- 涡轮导叶 /
- 流固热耦合仿真 /
- 热应力 /
- 疲劳寿命 /
- 热冲击试验
Abstract:
To improve the reliability and service life of gas turbine guide vane, the concept of variable temperature circulating air conditioning was introduced. Taking a turbine vane as an example, the thermal shock cycle fatigue life of a gas turbine vane was studied, and three-dimensional fluid-solid thermal coupling finite element analysis of stress state under start-stop cycle load spectrum of turbine guide vane was carried out. According to the change law of thermal shock stress of the vane in the cold air of the variable temperature cycle, the temperature field distribution and stress field distribution of the vane in the steady state and transition state in the cycle were obtained, and then the structural strength and fatigue life of the vane under each calculation condition were analyzed and evaluated. A test bench was built, thermal shock fatigue test was carried out on the turbine guide vane of this type of gas turbine under constant temperature cold air circulation, and then the test results were compared with the results of finite element analysis, showing that: the large area of turbine van stress obtained by three-dimensional fluid-solid thermal coupling finite element analysis was located at the trailing edge of turbine van and the middle of turbine van basin, consistent with the failure zone obtained by thermal shock test; the thermal fatigue life of vane can be effectively improved by changing the cooling circulation temperature.
- turbine guide vane /
- fluid-solid thermal coupling simulation /
- thermal stress /
- fatigue life /
- thermal shock test

HTML

图 1 涡轮导叶热流固耦合仿真计算流程图

Figure 1. Flow chart of turbine guide vane thermal fluid-structure coupling simulation calculation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 涡轮叶片模型

Figure 2. Turbine vane model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 涡轮导叶理论外流场

Figure 3. Theoretical external flow field of turbine guide vane

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 涡轮导叶流场实体图

Figure 4. Solid diagram of turbine guide vane flow field

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 流场入口温度变化折线图

Figure 5. Flow field inlet temperature change line chart

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 定温冷气循环下叶片温度场分布

Figure 6. Distribution of vane temperature field under constant temperature cooling air cycle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 涡轮导叶等效应力分布云图

Figure 7. Equivalent stress distribution nephogram of turbine guide vane

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 涡轮导叶危险节点分布

Figure 8. Distribution of turbine guide vane dangerous nodes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 涡轮导叶疲劳寿命云图

Figure 9. Fatigue life nephogram of turbine guide vane

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 叶片应力随冷气峰值温度变化拟合图

Figure 10. Fitting diagram of vane stress variation with peak temperature of cold air

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 循环次数随冷气温度变化拟合图

Figure 11. Fitting diagram of cycle times changing with cold air temperature

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 热冲击试验台

Figure 12. Thermal shock test bench

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 不同循环次数下叶片尾缘裂纹

Figure 13. Trailing edge cracks of vane under different cycles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 不同循环次数下叶片缘板裂纹

Figure 14. Vane edge plate cracks under different cycles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 涡轮导叶工况参数

Table 1. Turbine guide vane operating parameters

参数	燃气温度	冷气温度	燃气总压/ MPa	冷气总压/ MPa
数值及说明	可调	可调	0.75	0.35

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 涡轮导叶各危险节点载荷应力

Table 2. Load stress at each dangerous node of the turbine guide vane

节点编号	载荷应力/MPa
节点编号	外部节点	内部节点
1	29.5	58.2
2	27.6	52.1
3	38.6	59.5
4	220.4	231.2
5	231.7	228.7
6	91.53	88.5
7	128.4	125.1
8	157.2	166.8
9	134.3	132.4
10	103.8	129.4

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(28)

[1]	PECNIK R,SANZ W. Application of the turbulent potential model to heat transfer predictions on a turbine guide vane[J]. Journal of Turbomachinery,2007,129(3): 628-635. doi: 10.1115/1.2720494
[2]	杨健. 某发动机涡轮转子叶片断裂原因分析[D]. 材料工程,2003(增刊): 42-46. YANG Jian. Analysis on the fracture cause of turbine rotor blade of an engine [D]. Materials Engineering,2003(Suppl.): 42-46. (in Chinese YANG Jian. Analysis on the fracture cause of turbine rotor blade of an engine [D]. Materials Engineering, 2003（Suppl.）: 42-46. (in Chinese)
[3]	MONTOMOLI F,MASSINI M,YANG H,et al. The benefit of high-conductivity materials in film cooled turbine nozzles[J]. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2012,34: 107-116. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2011.12.005
[4]	RUDEY R A,GRAHAM R W. A review of NASA combustor and turbine heat transfer research[R]. ASME Paper 84-GT-113,1984.
[5]	陈伟,阚瑞,任静,等. 涡轮叶片内部冷却通道传热和压力分布特性的实验[J]. 航空动力学报,2010,25(12): 2779-2786. CHEN Wei,KAN Rui,REN Jing,et al. Experimental investigation of heat transfer and pressure drop in a two-pass internal coolant passages of gas turbine airfoil[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2010,25(12): 2779-2786. (in Chinese CHEN Wei, KAN Rui, REN Jing, et al. Experimental investigation of heat transfer and pressure drop in a two-pass internal coolant passages of gas turbine airfoil[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2010, 25(12): 2779-2786. (in Chinese)
[6]	彭志勇,吕文林. 热冲击条件下高热叶片的热疲劳对比试验方案研究[J]. 航空动力学报,1997,12(1): 34-37,107. PENG Zhiyong,LYU Wenlin. Study on thermal fatigue comparison test scheme of high-heat blades under thermal shock[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,1997,12(1): 34-37,107. (in Chinese PENG Zhiyong, LYU Wenlin. Study on thermal fatigue comparison test scheme of high-heat blades under thermal shock[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 1997, 12(1): 34-37, 107. (in Chinese)
[7]	ZARETSKY E V,LITT J S,HENDRICKS R C,et al. Determination of turbine blade life from engine field data[J]. Journal of Propulsion and Power,2012,28(6): 1156-1167. doi: 10.2514/1.B34375
[8]	关鹏,艾延廷,王志,等. 涡轮导向叶片热冲击数值模拟研究[J]. 推进技术,2016,37(10): 1938-1945. GUAN Peng,AI Yanting,WANG Zhi,et al. Numerical simulation of nozzle guide vane subjected to thermal shock load[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2016,37(10): 1938-1945. (in Chinese GUAN Peng, AI Yanting, WANG Zhi, et al. Numerical simulation of nozzle guide vane subjected to thermal shock load[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2016, 37(10): 1938-1945. (in Chinese)
[9]	朱江江,杨自春. 舰船燃气涡轮叶片三维热流固耦合应力应变分析及寿命预测[J]. 中国舰船研究,2010,5(5): 64-68. ZHU Jiangjiang,YANG Zichun. Analysis and life cycle prediction of marine gas turbine blades based on thermal-fluid-structure interaction[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research,2010,5(5): 64-68. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3185.2010.05.013 ZHU Jiangjiang, YANG Zichun. Analysis and life cycle prediction of marine gas turbine blades based on thermal-fluid-structure interaction[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2010, 5(5): 64-68. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3185.2010.05.013
[10]	CANO S,RODRÍGUEZ J A,RODRÍGUEZ J M,et al. Detection of damage in steam turbine blades caused by low cycle and strain cycling fatigue[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis,2019,97: 579-588. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.01.015
[11]	钱惠华,李海,程滔,等. 涡轮导向叶片热疲劳分析[J]. 航空动力学报,2003,18(2): 186-190. QIAN Huihua,LI Hai,CHENG Tao,et al. Thermal fatigue analysis to nozzle guide vanes[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2003,18(2): 186-190. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8055.2003.02.005 QIAN Huihua, LI Hai, CHENG Tao, et al. Thermal fatigue analysis to nozzle guide vanes[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2003, 18(2): 186-190. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8055.2003.02.005
[12]	TAKEUTI Y,ISHIDA R,TANIGAWA Y. Effect of thermomechanical coupling on thermal stress problems in a hollow circular cylinder[EB/OL]. [2022-10-22]. http: //www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.20/26262.
[13]	宇波. 流动与传热数值计算: 若干问题的研究与探讨[M]. 北京: 科学出版社,2015. YU Bo. Numerical calculation of flow and heat transfer: research and discussion on some problems[M]. Beijing: Science Press,2015. (in Chinese YU Bo. Numerical calculation of flow and heat transfer: research and discussion on some problems[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2015. (in Chinese)
[14]	徐次达,华伯浩. 固体力学有限元理论、方法及程序[M]. 北京: 水利电力出版社,1983. XU Cida,HUA Bohao. Finite element theory,method and program of solid mechanics[M]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press,1983. (in Chinese XU Cida, HUA Bohao. Finite element theory, method and program of solid mechanics[M]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 1983. (in Chinese)
[15]	陆明万,罗学富. 弹性力学基础[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社,1990. LU Mingwan,LUO Xuefu Fundamentals of elasticity[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press,1990. (in Chinese LU Mingwan, LUO Xuefu Fundamentals of elasticity[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 1990. （in Chinese）
[16]	杨锋平,孙秦. 屈服准则及切线模量修正的弹塑性计算模型[J]. 力学学报,2010,42(4): 804-810. YANG Fengping,SUN Qin. A new computational model of metal plasticity based on von mises criterion correction and tangent modulus correction[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2010,42(4): 804-810. (in Chinese doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-2010-4-lxxb2009-081 YANG Fengping, SUN Qin. A new computational model of metal plasticity based on von mises criterion correction and tangent modulus correction[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2010, 42(4): 804-810. (in Chinese) doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-2010-4-lxxb2009-081
[17]	李维特,黄保海,毕仲波. 热应力理论分析及应用[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社,2004: 94-95. LI Weite,HUANG Baohai,BI Zhongbo. Theoretical analysis and application of thermal stress[M]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press,2004: 94-95. (in Chinese LI Weite, HUANG Baohai, BI Zhongbo. Theoretical analysis and application of thermal stress[M]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2004: 94-95. (in Chinese)
[18]	姚卫星. 结构疲劳寿命分析[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社,2003. YAO Weixing. Fatigue life prediction of structures[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press,2003. (in Chinese YAO Weixing. Fatigue life prediction of structures[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2003. (in Chinese)
[19]	张安哥,朱成九,陈梦成. 疲劳、断裂与损伤[M]. 成都: 西南交通大学出版社,2006. ZHANG Ange,ZHU Chengjiu,CHEN Mengcheng. Fatigue,fracture and damage[M]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University Press,2006. (in Chinese ZHANG Ange, ZHU Chengjiu, CHEN Mengcheng. Fatigue, fracture and damage[M]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University Press, 2006. (in Chinese)
[20]	杨兴宇,郑小梅,孙燕涛,等. 航空发动机使用寿命控制技术[M]. 北京: 科学出版社,2018: 32-46. YANG Xingyu,ZHENG Xiaomei,SUN Yantao,et al. Service life control technology of aero-engine[M]. Beijing: Science Press,2018: 32-46. (in Chinese YANG Xingyu, ZHENG Xiaomei, SUN Yantao, et al. Service life control technology of aero-engine[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2018: 32-46. (in Chinese)
[21]	FATEMI A,YANG L. Cumulative fatigue damage and life prediction theories: a survey of the state of the art for homogeneous materials[J]. International Journal of Fatigue,1998,20(1): 9-34. doi: 10.1016/S0142-1123(97)00081-9
[22]	RADHAKRISHNAN V M. Cumulative damage in low-cycle fatigue[J]. Experimental Mechanics,1978,18(8): 292-296. doi: 10.1007/BF02324159
[23]	聂宏. Miner公式和Manson-Coffin公式的能量基础[J]. 航空学报,1993,14(5): 310-312. NIE Hong. Energy basis of miner theory and manson-coffin formula[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,1993,14(5): 310-312. (in Chinese doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6893.1993.05.015 NIE Hong. Energy basis of miner theory and manson-coffin formula[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 1993, 14(5): 310-312. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6893.1993.05.015
[24]	吴海玉. 航空发动机涡轮叶片疲劳寿命研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学,2020. WU Haiyu. Research on fatigue life of aeroengine turbine blades[D]. Harbin: Harbin Engineering University,2020. (in Chinese WU Haiyu. Research on fatigue life of aeroengine turbine blades[D]. Harbin: Harbin Engineering University, 2020. (in Chinese)
[25]	《中国航空材料手册》编辑委员会. 中国航空材料手册:第四卷[M]. 北京: 中国标准出版社,2002: 53-58.
[26]	SHIH T H,LIOU W W,SHABBIR A,et al. A new k-ε eddy-visco-sitcosity model for high Reynolds number turbulent flows[J]. Model Development and Validation. Computers Fluid,24(3): 227-238,1995.
[27]	周韦韦. 涡轮叶片气膜冷却流固耦合数值模拟研究[D]. 南昌: 南昌航空大学,2018. ZHOU Weiwei. Numerical analysis of film cooling of turbine blade based on fluid-structure interaction[D]. Nanchang: Nanchang Hangkong University,2018. (in Chinese ZHOU Weiwei. Numerical analysis of film cooling of turbine blade based on fluid-structure interaction[D]. Nanchang: Nanchang Hangkong University, 2018. (in Chinese)
[28]	李伟. 航空发动机叶片失效分析中的共性问题[J]. 燃气涡轮试验与研究,2002,15(2): 28-30,53. LI Wei. Common characteristics in failure analysis of aeroengine blade[J]. Gas Turbine Experiment and Research,2002,15(2): 28-30,53. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2620.2002.02.008 LI Wei. Common characteristics in failure analysis of aeroengine blade[J]. Gas Turbine Experiment and Research, 2002, 15(2): 28-30, 53. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2620.2002.02.008