Influence of excitation amplitude on mixing control of a supercritical jet
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摘要:
针对超临界氮气圆形湍流射流，采用雷诺平均数值模拟方法，研究了不同雷诺数条件下曲张激励模态的振幅对类气态射流掺混流场特性的影响。结果表明：在研究的雷诺数范围内（1.5×105～6.1×105，基于射流孔径），无激励射流势核长度和扩张角基本保持不变，超临界氮气射流混合受雷诺数影响较小；雷诺数较低时（小于2.3×105），随激励振幅的增加，射流掺混效果增强，25%振幅控制下射流密度势核可缩短58%，扩张角增大87%，曲张激励有效提升了射流出口的传热性能并解除固壁效应；雷诺数较高时（高于3.0×105），射流的湍动能升高，剪切层变薄，层内速度、密度和温度梯度更大，控制增强掺混的难度增加，当雷诺数为6.1×105时，射流密度势核缩短和扩张角增大程度约为较低雷诺数条件下的76%和23%，雷诺数对掺混控制效果有较大的影响。
Abstract:Based on a supercritical nitrogen circular turbulent jet, the mixing control effect by using varicose excitation was investigated using Reynolds-averaged numerical simulations. The mixing characteristics of the gas-like jet were analyzed under different excitation amplitudes and Reynolds numbers. The results showed that the potential core length and diffusion angle of unexcited jet remain basically unchanged within the studied range of Reynolds number (1.5×105—6.1×105, based on jet diameter). The Reynolds number had little effect on the mixing of supercritical nitrogen jet. For relatively low Reynolds numbers (less than 2.3×105), jet mixing was enhanced with increasing excitation amplitude. The jet density potential core was shortened maximumly by 58% and the diffusion angle was increased by 87% with 25% control amplitude. Meanwhile, the varicose excitation effectively improved the heat transfer performance near the jet exit, relieving the solid wall effect. For higher Reynolds numbers (higher than 3.0×105), the jet turbulent kinetic energy of the increased, with a thinner shear layer and a larger velocity, density and temperature gradient in it, causing difficulty of jet mixing control. For a Reynolds number of 6.1×105, the changes of jet density potential core and diffusion angle were about 76% and 23% of those under lower Reynolds number condition. Reynolds number had a significant influence on the effect of jet mixing control.
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Key words:
- supercritical jet /
- jet control /
- varicose mode /
- excitation amplitude /
- Reynolds number
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图 2 超临界氮气射流计算域示意图（单位：mm）
Figure 2. Schematic of calculation domain for supercritical nitrogen jet (unit: mm)
图 5 流向中心线密度分布计算结果对比
Figure 5. Comparison of calculation results of density distribution of flow centerline
图 6 无激励射流势核长度与扩张角
Figure 6. Potential core length and diffusion angle of the unexcited jet under different Reynolds numbers
图 7 无激励射流时均密度和时均温度分布
Figure 7. Time-averaged density and time-averaged temperature distribution of unexcited jets
图 8 流向剖面时均密度与时均速度云图（Re=1.5×105）
Figure 8. Time-averaged density and time-averaged velocity contour of the flow field profile （Re=1.5×105）
图 9 流场流向剖面时均温度、时均热容和时均传热系数云图（Re=1.5×105）
Figure 9. Contour of time-averaged temperature, time-averaged heat capacity and time-averaged heat transfer coefficient of the flow field profile （Re=1.5×105）
图 10 射流势核长度与扩张角随激励振幅的变化
Figure 10. Variation of jet potential core length and diffusion angle with excitation amplitude
图 11 不同激励振幅下的中心线时均密度、时均温度与时均无量纲速度（Re=1.5×105）
Figure 11. Time-averaged density, temperature and dimensionless velocity of the centerline for different excitation amplitudes （Re=1.5×105）
图 12 不同振幅下射流时均传热系数（Re=1.5×105）
Figure 12. Contour of the time-averaged heat transfer coefficient at different amplitudes （Re=1.5×105）
图 13 不同振幅下射流径向速度脉动（Re=1.5×105）
Figure 13. Contour of jet radial velocity fluctuation at different amplitudes （Re=1.5×105）
图 14 不同振幅激励下射流扩张角随雷诺数增长的变化
Figure 14. Variation of jet expansion angle with increasing Reynolds number for different excitation amplitudes
图 15 不同振幅激励下射流速度衰减率随雷诺数的变化
Figure 15. Variation of jet velocity decay rate with increasing Reynolds number for different excitation amplitudes
图 16 不同雷诺数下无激励射流中心线湍动能
Figure 16. Turbulent kinetic energy at the centerline of unexcited jets at different Reynolds numbers
图 17 A=25%时不同雷诺数射流瞬时密度云图
Figure 17. Contour of jet transient density at different Reynolds numbers for A=25%
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