裂纹深度逐渐增加的转子动力学特性试验

韩冰; 刘占生; 何鹏; 颜培刚

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220856

裂纹深度逐渐增加的转子动力学特性试验

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220856

哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院，哈尔滨 150001

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（2017-Ⅳ-0008-0045）

详细信息

作者简介:
韩冰（1993-），男，博士生，主要从事裂纹转子故障机理及诊断方法研究。E-mail：18B902051@stu.hit.edu.cn

通讯作者:
刘占生（1962-），男，教授、博士生导师，博士，主要从事转子动力学及故障诊断方法研究。E-mail: lzs@hit.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.96
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-10
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-27

Rotordynamics test with gradually increasing crack depth

School of Energy Science and Engineering，Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin 150001，China

摘要

摘要:
对含有转轴裂纹故障的多盘转子系统振动特性进行测试。试验中采用精密线切割的加工方式在转子上由浅入深预制不同深度的裂纹，以此模拟实际工况下裂纹故障逐渐恶化的过程。测量裂纹转子升速阶段轴承座附近的振动位移信号，试验结果表明：相比于裂纹深度为转轴直径50%的情况，当裂纹深度达到转轴直径的60%时，临界转速处的1×响应峰值以及1/3临界转速区域的3×响应峰值显著降低，而1/2临界转速区域的2×响应峰值则会突增。该结果可为预警转子断裂事故提供依据。
- 多盘转子系统 /
- 裂纹故障 /
- 动力学特性试验 /
- 裂纹深度 /
- 故障恶化 /
- 转子断裂
Abstract:
The vibration characteristics of a multi-disk rotor system with a shaft crack fault were tested. In the test, the cracks of different depths were prefabricated on the rotor from the shallower to the deeper using the precision wire cutting processing method, so as to simulate the gradual deterioration process of the crack fault under the actual working condition. The vibration displacement signal near the bearing seat during the cracked rotor speed increase stage was measured. The test results showed that compared with the case with the crack depth up to 50% of the shaft diameter, when the crack depth reached 60% of the shaft diameter, the 1× response peak at the critical speed and the 3× response peak at the 1/3 critical speed region were significantly reduced, while the peak of the 2× response in the 1/2 critical speed region was increased suddenly. This result can provide a basis for early warning of rotor fracture.
- multi-disk rotor system /
- crack failure /
- dynamic characteristic test /
- crack depth /
- fault deterioration /
- broken rotor

HTML

图 1 多盘转子系统试验台

Figure 1. Multi-disk rotor system test rig

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图 2 裂纹转子试验台细节

Figure 2. Details of cracked rotor test rig

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图 3 裂纹转子示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of cracked rotor

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图 4 电涡流位移传感器测点布置情况

Figure 4. Arrangement of eddy current displacement sensors

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图 5 数据采集分析流程

Figure 5. Data collection and analysis process

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图 6 裂纹局部示意图

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of the crack

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图 7 1×振动幅值随转速变化规律

Figure 7. Vibration amplitude of 1× varies with the rotation speed

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图 8 1×峰值随裂纹深度变化情况

Figure 8. 1× peak value changes with crack depth

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图 9 2×振动幅值随转速变化规律

Figure 9. Vibration amplitude of 2× varies with the rotation speed

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图 10 2×峰值随裂纹深度变化情况

Figure 10. 2× peak value changes with crack depth

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图 11 3×振动幅值随转速变化规律

Figure 11. Vibration amplitude of 3× varies with the rotation speed

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图 12 3×峰值随裂纹深度变化情况

Figure 12. 3× peak value changes with crack depth

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表 1 转子参数记录表

Table 1. Record rotor parameters

参数	数值
转子长度/mm	1000
转轴直径/mm	40
轮盘直径/mm	200
轮盘1（轮盘2）厚度/mm	50
轮盘3厚度/mm	40
材料密度/10³ （kg/m³）	7.85
弹性模量/10¹¹ Pa	2.11
泊松比	0.3

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