Single-orifice/dual-orifice喷嘴的闪急沸腾喷雾特性试验

缪俊杰; 吴伟秋; 李宪开; 尹超; 姜凯琳; 范育新

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220940

Single-orifice/dual-orifice喷嘴的闪急沸腾喷雾特性试验

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220940

缪俊杰^{1, 2,},
吴伟秋¹,
李宪开²,
尹超²,
姜凯琳¹,
范育新^1,*, ,

1.
南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院，南京 210016
2.
中国航空工业集团有限公司沈阳飞机设计研究所扬州协同创新研究院有限公司，江苏扬州 225111

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（2017-Ⅲ-0007-0033）； 1912项目

详细信息

作者简介:
缪俊杰（1994-），男，工程师，博士，主要从事组合动力推进系统研究。E-mail：miaojunjie1031@nuaa.edu.cn

通讯作者:
范育新（1967-），女，教授，博士，主要从事航空发动机燃烧技术研究。E-mail：fanyuxin@nuaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-07
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-02

Experiment on flash-boiling spray characteristics of single-orifice/dual-orifice nozzle

MIAO Junjie^{1, 2
,},
WU Weiqiu¹,
LI Xiankai²,
YIN Chao²,
JIANG Kailin¹,
FAN Yuxin^{1,*
, ,}

1.
College of Energy and Power Engineering，Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Nanjing 210016，China
2.
Yangzhou Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Company Limited，Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute，Aviation Industry Corporation of China，Limited，Yangzhou Jiangsu 225111，China

摘要

摘要:
针对RP-3航空煤油，开展single-orifice/dual-orifice喷嘴闪急沸腾喷雾特性的试验研究，揭示煤油过热度和喷嘴结构参数对喷嘴内部两相流动和下游闪急沸腾喷雾形态的影响。试验研究表明：增加single-orifice喷嘴长径比会抑制喷嘴内部的空化作用，但能增强壁面沸腾作用下喷嘴内部的煤油相变，改善喷嘴下游射流的雾化效果；dual-orifice喷嘴的膨胀腔具有增大喷嘴出口含气率的作用，但过大的膨胀腔长宽比会导致喷嘴内部过热度降低，进而削弱喷嘴下游喷雾的雾化效果和对称性。相比single-orifice喷嘴，dual-orifice喷嘴通过膨胀腔增加流体停留时间的方式更易在小孔径比下促进航空煤油过冷喷雾向闪急沸腾喷雾的转变，有利于改善RP-3航空煤油的雾化效果并获得更大的喷雾宽度和雾化锥角，是在航空发动机燃烧室中实现闪急沸腾喷雾极具潜力的技术途径。
- single-orifice/dual-orifice喷嘴 /
- 闪急沸腾喷雾 /
- 航空煤油 /
- 喷嘴内部两相流动 /
- 喷嘴下游射流 /
- 喷雾相关性
Abstract:
The flash-boiling spray characteristics of RP-3 aviation kerosene inside single-orifice/dual-orifice nozzle were experimentally studied to analyze the influence of superheat degree and nozzle structural parameters on in-nozzle flow and near-nozzle jet. Results showed that increasing the length-diameter ratio of single-orifice nozzle can inhibit the cavitation effect inside the nozzle, helping to increase the kerosene gasification rate from wall boiling inside the nozzle, resulting in better atomization effect of fuel jet. The expansion chamber of dual-orifice nozzle could play the role of increasing the discharge-orifice’s gasification rate; however, excessive aspect ratio of expansion chamber may decrease the superheat degree inside the nozzle, which impaired the near-nozzle atomization effect and spray symmetry. Compared with single-orifice nozzle, dual-orifice nozzle allows more easily to promote the transformation of aviation kerosene from subcooled spray to flash-boiling spray by increasing the residence time for phase transition, helping to improve the fuel atomization and obtain larger spray width and spray cone angle. Thus, using dual-orifice nozzle is a potential technical way to realize flash-boiling spray in the combustion chamber of aero-engine.
- single-orifice/dual-orifice nozzle /
- flash-boiling spray /
- aviation kerosene /
- in-nozzle two-phase flow /
- near-nozzle jet /
- spray correlation index

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图 1 试验系统

Figure 1. Test facility

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图 2 燃油温度PID控制

Figure 2. PID control for fuel temperature

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图 3 试验时序图

Figure 3. Diagram of test timing

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图 4 Single-orifice/dual-orifice轴对称喷嘴结构示意图（单位：mm）

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of single-orifice/dual-orifice round-jet nozzles （unit: mm）

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图 5 准二维透明狭缝喷嘴

Figure 5. Quasi-two-dimensional transparent slit nozzle

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图 6 试验狭缝喷嘴几何参数（单位：mm）

Figure 6. Test slits nozzle and corresponding nomenclature （unit: mm）

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图 7 闪急沸腾喷雾图像后处理

Figure 7. Image processing of flash-boiling fuel spray

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图 8 不同过热度下的喷嘴内部流动及下游喷雾

Figure 8. Internal flow and near nozzle jet under various conditions

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图 9 狭缝喷嘴内部两相流动特征

Figure 9. In-nozzle flow patterns of slit nozzles

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图 10 狭缝喷嘴下游喷雾形态

Figure 10. Near-nozzle fuel sprays of slit nozzles

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图 11 燃油喷雾相关性

Figure 11. Correlation index of fuel spray

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图 12 轴对称喷嘴下游喷雾形态

Figure 12. Near-nozzle fuel sprays of round-jet nozzles

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图 13 Single-orifice/dual-orifice喷嘴雾化锥角对比

Figure 13. Comparison of spray cone angle between single-orifice/dual-orifice nozzles

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表 1 狭缝厚度选取

Table 1. Selection of slit thickness

喷嘴类型轴对称喷嘴狭缝厚度/mm

0.05 0.15

流量系数C_d 0.649 0.384 0.566

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表 2 试验工况（p_a=0.01 MPa, p_f=0.4 MPa）

Table 2. Test conditions （p_a=0.01 MPa, p_f=0.4 MPa）

参数 T_inj/K

377 395 407 416 422 431 448

R_p 1.0 2.0 3.33 5.0 6.67 10.0 20.0

∆μ/10⁻²¹ J 0 3.78 6.77 9.24 11.1 13.7 18.5

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