三维冰形激光测量技术在结冰风洞中的应用

魏龙涛; 左承林; 郭向东; 刘森云; 郭奇灵

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220958

三维冰形激光测量技术在结冰风洞中的应用

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220958

中国空气动力研究与发展中心结冰与防除冰重点实验室，四川绵阳 621000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52006235）

详细信息

作者简介:
魏龙涛（1994-），男，工程师，硕士，主要从事飞机结冰与防除冰试验技术研究

通讯作者:
左承林（1987-），男，副研究员，博士，主要从事低速风洞非接触测量研究。E-mail：zuochenglin@cardc.cn

中图分类号: V216.8
计量
- 文章访问数: 525
- HTML浏览量: 295
- PDF量: 45
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-16
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-16

Application of 3D ice shape laser measurement technology in icing wind tunnel

Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing，China Aerodynamics Research and Devolopment Center，Mianyang Sichuan 621000，China

摘要

摘要:
介绍了ROMER绝对关节臂测量仪在结冰风洞中测量冰形三维结构的原理，提出了一种模型-冰形快速重构方法，通过风洞试验获得了典型的霜冰、粗糙冰和羊角冰，使用ROMER绝对关节臂测量仪对积冰三维形貌进行了测量，获得了模型表面的积冰三维数据。结果表明：霜冰三维结果与实际冰形结果高度一致，可以准确地测量出积冰细节特征；三维扫描可以测量出热刀法无法获取的粗糙冰结果；与热刀法获取的羊角冰二维轮廓相比，三维冰形结果在同一剖面的冰形轮廓的结冰范围和冰角高度基本一致，平均冰形厚度偏差约2.5 mm。
- 冰形三维结构 /
- ROMER绝对关节臂测量仪 /
- 霜冰 /
- 粗糙冰 /
- 羊角冰
Abstract:
The principle of measuring 3D structure for ice accretion in icing wind tunnel with ROMER measuring instrument was introduced, and a fast reconstruction method for model with ice shape was proposed. Typical rime ice, rough ice and horned ice were obtained by wind tunnel test. The 3D morphology of ice accretion was measured by ROMER instrument, and the 3D data of ice accretion on the surface of the model were obtained. The results showed that 3D results of rime ice were highly consistent with the actual ice shape, and the detailed characteristics of ice accumulation can be accurately measured. 3D scanning technology can measure the rough ice results which can not be obtained by hot knife method. Compared with the ice trajectory of the shorn ice obtained by the hot knife method, the ice trajectory of the 3D ice shape in the same section had the same icing range and icing level, with the average thickness deviation of ice up to 2.5 mm.
- 3D structure of ice /
- ROMER measuring instrument /
- rime ice /
- rough ice /
- horn ice

HTML

图 1 3 m×2 m结冰风洞轮廓图

Figure 1. Configuration of the 3 m×2 m icing wind tunnel

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 激光测量冰形原理图

Figure 2. Principle of laser measurement of ice shape

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 ROMER绝对关节臂测量仪

Figure 3. ROMER measuring instrument

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 喷涂显影剂前后积冰表面对比

Figure 4. Comparison of ice surface before and after spraying the ice with white paint

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 直接填充与分割填充结果对比

Figure 5. Comparison of direct filling and split filling results

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 曲面重构过程

Figure 6. Process of surface reconstruction

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 对齐前后的模型-冰形重构曲面

Figure 7. Alignment before and after model-ice shape reonstruction surface

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 三维扫描对齐参考特征块及特征平面

Figure 8. Reference feature block and the feature plane with 3D scanning alignment technology

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 霜冰照片与三维扫描结果视觉对比

Figure 9. Visual comparison of photographs and 3D scanning of rime ice

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 粗糙冰冰形照片

Figure 10. Photograph of rough ice

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 粗糙冰三维扫描结果

Figure 11. 3D scanning results of rough ice

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 羊角冰冰形照片

Figure 12. Photograph of horn ice

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 羊角冰三维扫描结果

Figure 13. 3D scanning result of horn ice

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 三维扫描冰形截取位置

Figure 14. Intercept position of 3D scans

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 15 三维扫描结果与热刀法结果对比

Figure 15. Comparison between 3D scanning result and hot knife method result

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 16 二维与三维冰形厚度分布

Figure 16. 2D and 3D ice thickness distribution

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 17 二维与三维冰形厚度偏差

Figure 17. 2D and 3D ice thickness deviation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 试验工况

Table 1. Test conditions

冰形	海拔高度/m	气流速度/（m/s）	气流总温/K	攻角/（°）	液滴粒径/μm	液态水含量/（g/m³）	喷雾时间/s
霜冰	当地高度	60.0	251.15	0	20.0	0.80	1200
粗糙冰	1 900	80.0	266.15	2.15	24.0	0.65	120
明冰	1 900	80.0	266.15	2.15	24.0	0.65	1343

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(20)

[1]	LYNCH F T,KHODADOUST A. Effects of ice accretions on aircraft aerodynamics[J]. Progress in Aerospace Sciences,2001,37(8): 669-767. doi: 10.1016/S0376-0421(01)00018-5
[2]	范洁川,于涛. 飞机结冰风洞试验模拟研究[J]. 实验流体力学,2007,21(1): 68-72,92. FAN Jiechuan,YU Tao. A study of simulation for airplane icing tests in icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2007,21(1): 68-72,92. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9897.2007.01.014 FAN Jiechuan, YU Tao. A study of simulation for airplane icing tests in icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2007, 21(1): 68-72, 92. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9897.2007.01.014
[3]	KIND R J,POTAPCZUK M G,FEO A,et al. Experimental and computational simulation of in-flight icing phenomena[J]. Progress in Aerospace Sciences,1998,34(5/6): 257-345.
[4]	易贤. 飞机积冰的数值计算与积冰试验相似准则研究[D]. 四川绵阳: 中国空气动力研究与发展中心,2007. YI Xian. Numerical computation of aircraft icing and study on icing test scaling law[D]. Mianyang Sichuan: China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,2007. (in Chinese YI Xian. Numerical computation of aircraft icing and study on icing test scaling law[D]. Mianyang Sichuan: China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, 2007. (in Chinese)
[5]	郭向东,胡站伟,丁亮,等. 大型结冰风洞中冰晶热/力平衡特性数值研究[J]. 航空动力学报,2022,37(3): 478-491. GUO Xiangdong,HU Zhanwei,DING Liang,et al. Numerical investigation of thermal and mechanical equilibrium characteristics of ice crystal in large icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2022,37(3): 478-491. (in Chinese GUO Xiangdong, HU Zhanwei, DING Liang, et al. Numerical investigation of thermal and mechanical equilibrium characteristics of ice crystal in large icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2022, 37(3): 478-491. (in Chinese)
[6]	王斌,刘桂华,张利萍,等. 基于线结构光的冰横截面轮廓测量[J]. 实验流体力学,2016,30(3): 14-20. WANG Bin,LIU Guihua,ZHANG Liping,et al. Ice cross sectional profile measurement based on line structured light[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2016,30(3): 14-20. (in Chinese doi: 10.11729/syltlx20160040 WANG Bin, LIU Guihua, ZHANG Liping, et al. Ice cross sectional profile measurement based on line structured light[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2016, 30(3): 14-20. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11729/syltlx20160040
[7]	郭龙,秦三春,李强,等. 基于机器视觉的飞机模型冰形轮廓提取方法研究[J]. 自动化与仪器仪表,2020(6): 15-20. GUO Long,QIN Sanchun,LI Qiang,et al. Research on ice contour extraction of aircraft model based on machine vision[J]. Automation & Instrumentation,2020(6): 15-20. (in Chinese GUO Long, QIN Sanchun, LI Qiang, et al. Research on ice contour extraction of aircraft model based on machine vision[J]. Automation & Instrumentation, 2020(6): 15-20. (in Chinese)
[8]	康含玉,刘桂华,王斌,等. 冰形表面激光光带中心线快速提取方法[J]. 实验流体力学,2017,31(5): 81-87. KANG Hanyu,LIU Guihua,WANG Bin,et al. A fast method of extracting the laser light bar’s centerline in the ice model[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2017,31(5): 81-87. (in Chinese doi: 10.11729/syltlx20170058 KANG Hanyu, LIU Guihua, WANG Bin, et al. A fast method of extracting the laser light bar’s centerline in the ice model[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2017, 31(5): 81-87. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11729/syltlx20170058
[9]	柳庆林,倪章松,张平涛,等. 低温环境下复杂冰形快速三维测量技术[J]. 光学技术,2020,46(6): 641-646. LIU Qinglin,NI Zhangsong,ZHANG Pingtao,et al. Fast 3D measurement technology of complex ice shape in low temperature environment[J]. Optical Technique,2020,46(6): 641-646. (in Chinese LIU Qinglin, NI Zhangsong, ZHANG Pingtao, et al. Fast 3D measurement technology of complex ice shape in low temperature environment[J]. Optical Technique, 2020, 46(6): 641-646. (in Chinese)
[10]	李伟斌,易贤,杜雁霞,等. 基于变分分割模型的结冰冰形测量方法[J]. 航空学报,2017,38(1): 120167. LI Weibin,YI Xian,DU Yanxia,et al. A measurement approach for ice shape based on variational segmentation model[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2017,38(1): 120167. (in Chinese LI Weibin, YI Xian, DU Yanxia, et al. A measurement approach for ice shape based on variational segmentation model[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2017, 38(1): 120167. (in Chinese)
[11]	郭龙,马军,李明,等. 基于三维扫描技术的结冰风洞冰形非接触测量研究[J]. 中国测试,2018,44(9): 18-22. GUO Long,MA Jun,LI Ming,et al. Non-contact measurement of ice shape in icing wind tunnel based on 3D scanning technology[J]. China Measurement & Test,2018,44(9): 18-22. (in Chinese doi: 10.11857/j.issn.1674-5124.2018.09.004 GUO Long, MA Jun, LI Ming, et al. Non-contact measurement of ice shape in icing wind tunnel based on 3D scanning technology[J]. China Measurement & Test, 2018, 44(9): 18-22. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11857/j.issn.1674-5124.2018.09.004
[12]	易贤,王斌,李伟斌,等. 飞机结冰冰形测量方法研究进展[J]. 航空学报,2017,38(2): 520711. YI Xian,WANG Bin,LI Weibin,et al. Research progress on ice shape measurement approaches for aircraft icing[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2017,38(2): 520711. (in Chinese YI Xian, WANG Bin, LI Weibin, et al. Research progress on ice shape measurement approaches for aircraft icing[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2017, 38(2): 520711. (in Chinese)
[13]	郭向东,柳庆林,赖庆仁,等. 大型结冰风洞气流场适航符合性验证[J]. 空气动力学学报,2021,39(2): 184-195. GUO Xiangdong,LIU Qinglin,LAI Qingren,et al. Airworthiness compliance verification of aerodynamic flowfield of a large-scale icing wind tunnel[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2021,39(2): 184-195. (in Chinese doi: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2019.0086 GUO Xiangdong, LIU Qinglin, LAI Qingren, et al. Airworthiness compliance verification of aerodynamic flowfield of a large-scale icing wind tunnel[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2021, 39(2): 184-195. (in Chinese) doi: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2019.0086
[14]	郭向东,张平涛,张珂,等. 3 m×2 m结冰风洞热流场品质提高及评估[J]. 实验流体力学,2021,35(4): 41-51. GUO Xiangdong,ZHANG Pingtao,ZHANG Ke,et al. Improvement and evaluation of thermal flow-field quality in CARDC icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2021,35(4): 41-51. (in Chinese doi: 10.11729/syltlx20200118 GUO Xiangdong, ZHANG Pingtao, ZHANG Ke, et al. Improvement and evaluation of thermal flow-field quality in CARDC icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2021, 35(4): 41-51. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11729/syltlx20200118
[15]	郭向东,张平涛,赵献礼,等. 大型结冰风洞热流场符合性验证[J]. 实验流体力学,2020,34(5): 79-88. GUO Xiangdong,ZHANG Pingtao,ZHAO Xianli,et al. The compliance verification of thermodynamic flowfield in the large icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2020,34(5): 79-88. (in Chinese doi: 10.11729/syltlx20190113 GUO Xiangdong, ZHANG Pingtao, ZHAO Xianli, et al. The compliance verification of thermodynamic flowfield in the large icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2020, 34(5): 79-88. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11729/syltlx20190113
[16]	倪章松,刘森云,王桥,等. 3 m×2 m结冰风洞试验技术研究进展[J]. 实验流体力学,2019,33(6): 46-53. NI Zhangsong,LIU Senyun,WANG Qiao,et al. Research progress of test technologies for 3 m × 2 m icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2019,33(6): 46-53. (in Chinese doi: 10.11729/syltlx20180115 NI Zhangsong, LIU Senyun, WANG Qiao, et al. Research progress of test technologies for 3 m × 2 m icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2019, 33(6): 46-53. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11729/syltlx20180115
[17]	王梓旭,沈浩,郭龙,等. 3 m×2 m结冰风洞云雾参数校测方法[J]. 实验流体力学,2018,32(2): 61-67. WANG Zixu,SHEN Hao,GUO Long,et al. Cloud calibration method of 3 m × 2 m icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2018,32(2): 61-67. (in Chinese doi: 10.11729/syltlx20170163 WANG Zixu, SHEN Hao, GUO Long, et al. Cloud calibration method of 3 m × 2 m icing wind tunnel[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2018, 32(2): 61-67. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11729/syltlx20170163
[18]	郭向东,张平涛,赵照,等. 大型结冰风洞云雾场适航应用符合性验证[J]. 航空学报,2020,41(10): 123879. GUO Xiangdong,ZHANG Pingtao,ZHAO Zhao,et al. Airworthiness application compliance verification of cloud flowfield in large icing wind tunnel[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2020,41(10): 123879. (in Chinese GUO Xiangdong, ZHANG Pingtao, ZHAO Zhao, et al. Airworthiness application compliance verification of cloud flowfield in large icing wind tunnel[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2020, 41(10): 123879. (in Chinese)
[19]	LEE S,BROEREN A P,ADDY H E,et al. Development of 3D ice accretion measurement method[C]// 4th AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference. New Orleans, Louisiana, US: AIAA,2012: 1-17.
[20]	LEE S,BROEREN A P,KREEGER R E,et al. Implementation and validation of 3-D ice accretion measurement methodology[R]. AIAA 2014-2613,2014.