Brush seal porous media model based on test corrections of differential pressure-brush wire thickness
-
摘要:
建立了三级刷式密封稳态切片式三维实体管束模型和基于试验数据修正的稳态单级、三级刷式密封多孔介质模型，搭建了中速耐久刷式密封试验台，研究了单级、三级刷式密封压降对出口泄漏量的影响规律，对比分析了两种数值模型在泄漏量方面的准确性。通过试验修正的多孔介质方法研究了三级刷式密封在不同压差工况下的封严泄漏特性，分析了三级刷式密封中每一级刷丝束内部轴向与径向在不同表面的压力分布特性。研究结果表明：基于试验数据修正的多孔介质模型比稳态切片式三维实体模型管束求解精度显著提高，单级、三级多孔介质模型修正后的数值与试验结果误差分别小于5%、20%。刷丝束围栏高度及周围区域存在较大的轴向与径向压力梯度，通过流阻效应达到良好的密封效果。
-
关键词:
- 三级刷式密封 /
- 稳态切片式三维实体管束模型 /
- 多孔介质模型 /
- 泄漏特性 /
- 压力分布
Abstract:A steady-state clip type three-dimensional solid model of the three-stage brush seal and a porous media model of the single-stage brush seal and three-stage brush seal based on the test data modification were established, a brush seal leakage medium-speed durable characteristic experiment device was designed and built, the influence of pressure drop on leakage characteristics of single-stage and three-stage brush seals was studied, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two numerical methods were analyzed and compared. The modified porous media model was used to study the flow field characteristics of the three-stage brush seal, and the axial and radial pressure distribution characteristics inside the brush bundle were analyzed. The results showed that the porous media model modified based on experimental data had higher solution accuracy than the steady-state three-dimensional forked tube bundle model and was closer to the experimental results, the error between the corrected values and the test results of single-stage and three-stage porous media models was less than 5% and 20%, respectively, which was in good agreement with the experimental results. There were large axial and radial pressure gradients in the height and surrounding area of the brush wire bundle fence, and good sealing effect was achieved through the flow resistance effect.
-
图 1 单级、三级刷式密封结构示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of single-stage and three-stage brush seal structure
图 4 刷式密封切片式三维实体管束模型及局部放大图
Figure 4. Brush seal slice 3D solid tube bundle model and local enlarged view
图 5 刷式密封多孔介质模型网格划分示意图
Figure 5. Grid division diagram of porous media model with brush seals meshing
图 6 三级刷封切片式实体管束模型网格划分及局部示图
Figure 6. Grid division and local diagram of three stage brush seal and slice solid tube bundle model
图 7 多孔介质模型数值与试验泄漏量对比图
Figure 7. Comparison diagram of porous media model numerical and experimental leakage
图 8 单级、三级刷封泄漏系数变化对比图
Figure 8. Comparison of leakage coefficient of single and three stage brush seals
图 9 稳态切片式三维实体管束模型数值与试验泄漏量对比图
Figure 9. Comparison diagram of steady-state sliced three-dimensional solid bundle model value and test leakage
图 10 三级刷式密封试验件实物图与结构参数及其对应关系（单位：mm）
Figure 10. Physical drawing and structural parameters of three-stage brush seal test piece and their corresponding relations （unit：mm）
图 11 刷式密封中速密封耐久试验装置实物图
Figure 11. Brush seal medium speed seal durability test device physical picture
图 13 刷丝排列方式与刷丝束厚度的关系
Figure 13. Relationship between the arrangement of brush wire and the thickness of brush bundle
图 14 单级刷封多孔介质模型下不同排列方式的泄漏量数值与试验结果对比图
Figure 14. Comparison of leakage values and test results of a single stage brush sealed porous media model
图 16 单级刷式密封多孔介质模型修正后计算结果与试验结果的对比
Figure 16. Comparison between modified calculation results and experimental results of single stage brush seal porous media model
图 17 三级刷式密封多孔介质模型修正后计算结果与试验结果的对比
Figure 17. Comparison between modified calculation results and experimental results of three-stage brush seal porous media model
图 20 每一级刷丝束上表面与下表面轴向压力分布
Figure 20. Axial pressure distribution on the upper and lower surfaces of each brush bundle
图 21 每一级刷丝束上游面与下游面径向压力分布
Figure 21. Radial pressure distribution on the upstream and downstream surfaces of each brush bundle
表 1 刷式密封计算域边界条件
Table 1. Boundary conditions of brush seal computational domain
参数 数值及详情 固体壁面 无滑移 进口温度 ${T_{\text{t}}}/{\text{K}}$ 278.15 封严压比 ${R_{\text{p}}}$ 1.4～3.6 出口压力 ${p_{{\text{out}}}}/{{\mathrm{kPa}}} $ 100 转子转速 $n/ （{{\mathrm{r}}} /\min ） $ 0 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 刷式密封结构参数
Table 2. Brush seal structure parameters
几何参数 数值 刷丝直径 $d/{\text{mm}}$ 0.1 刷丝倾斜角$ {\varPhi }_{{r}} $/（°） 45 刷丝束自由高度 $l/{\text{mm}}$ 7 刷丝束干涉量 $\varDelta /{\text{mm}}$ 0.0 刷丝间隙 $\delta /{\text{mm}}$ 0.01 刷丝密度 $ N/ （\mathrm{根}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{m}） $ 160 外环直径 $ {D_{\text{o}}}/{{\mathrm{mm}}} $ 158 内环直径 ${D_{\text{i}}}/{{\mathrm{mm}}} $ 138 第一级刷丝束厚度 ${B_{{{\mathrm{w}}} 1}}/{{\mathrm{mm}}} $ 2 第二级刷丝束厚度 ${B_{{{\mathrm{w}}} 2}}/{{\mathrm{mm}}} $ 2 第三级刷丝束厚度 ${B_{{{\mathrm{w}}} 3}}/{{\mathrm{mm}}} $ 2 第一级刷封后挡板保护高度 $ {H_{{\mathrm{f}}1}}/{{\mathrm{mm}}} $ 1.25 第二级刷封后挡板保护高度 $ {H_{{\mathrm{f}}2}}/{{\mathrm{mm}}} $ 1.5 第三级刷封后挡板保护高度 $ {H_{{\mathrm{f}}3}}/{{\mathrm{mm}}} $ 1
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 刷式密封的工作压比
Table 3. Working pressure ratio of brush seal
工况 Rp 三级刷式密封 单级刷式密封 1 1.426 1.397 2 1.586 1.595 3 1.822 1.795 4 2.024 1.917 5 2.267 2.159 6 2.529 2.403 7 2.845 2.606 8 2.986 2.829 9 3.199 3.169 10 3.586
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 刷式密封部分k值选取与误差对比
Table 4. Comparison of k value selection and error of brush seal
Rp k 误差/% 1.397 0.61 13.12 0.6 7.61 0.59 3.5 1.595 0.59 8.15 0.58 6.81 0.575 1.52 1.795 0.57 16.15 0.565 9.47 0.56 1.67 1.917 0.56 14.56 0.555 1.94 0.55 13.59 2.159 0.55 14.21 0.545 3.82 0.54 8.83 2.403 0.54 10.41 0.535 6.63 0.534 4.11 2.606 0.534 9.31 0.532 5.81 0.53 3.41 2.829 0.53 14.31 0.525 9.96 0.52 3.26 注：加粗处表示误差较小时的变化量与k值的选取。
下载: 导出CSV
表 5 三级刷式密封级间压降分配及部分k值选取
Table 5. Distribution of pressure drop between three-stage brush seal stages and selection of partial k value
总压差/kPa 压差/kPa k 42.6 10.22（第一级压差） 12.48（第二级压差） 19.81（第三级压差） 58.67 14.08（第一级压差） 17.19（第二级压差） 27.28（第三级压差） 81.22 19.49（第一级压差） 23.79（第二级压差） 37.76（第三级压差） 102.49 24.59（第一级压差） 30.02（第二级压差） 47.65（第三级压差） 126.75 30.42（第一级压差） 37.13（第二级压差） 58.93（第三级压差） 0.576 152.97 36.71（第一级压差） 44.82（第二级压差） 71.13（第三级压差） 0.569 184.05 44.172（第一级压差） 53.92（第二级压差） 85.58（第三级压差） 0.562 198.62 47.66（第一级压差） 58.19（第二级压差） 0.576 92.35（第三级压差） 0.558 219.97 52.79（第一级压差） 64.45（第二级压差） 0.573 102.28（第三级压差） 0.553 注：k表示各级刷封压差下计算得到的修正值。
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 李军,李志刚,张元桥,等. 刷式密封技术的研究进展[J]. 航空发动机,2019,45(2): 74-84. LI Jun,LI Zhigang,ZHANG Yuanqiao,et al. Research progress of brush seal technology[J]. Aeroengine,2019,45(2): 74-84. (in ChineseLI Jun, LI Zhigang, ZHANG Yuanqiao, et al. Research progress of brush seal technology[J]. Aeroengine, 2019, 45(2): 74-84. (in Chinese) [2] LI Jun,QIU Bo,FENG Zhenping. Experimental and numerical investigations on the leakage flow characteristics of the labyrinth brush seal[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2012,134(10): 102509. doi: 10.1115/1.4007062 [3] DINC S,DEMIROGLU M,TURNQUIST N,et al. Fundamental design issues of brush seals for industrial applications[J]. Journal of Turbomachinery,2002,124(2): 293-300. doi: 10.1115/1.1451847 [4] BAYLEY F J,LONG C A. A combined experimental and theoretical study of flow and pressure distributions in a brush seal[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,1993,115(2): 404-410. doi: 10.1115/1.2906723 [5] CHEW J W,HOGG S I. Porosity modeling of brush seals[J]. Journal of Tribology,1997,119(4): 769-775. doi: 10.1115/1.2833883 [6] 黄学民,史伟,王洪铭. 刷式密封中泄漏流动的多孔介质数值模型[J]. 航空动力学报,2000,15(1): 55-58. HUANG Xuemin,SHI Wei,WANG Hongming. Porous medium leakage flow model of brush seal[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2000,15(1): 55-58. (in ChineseHUANG Xuemin, SHI Wei, WANG Hongming. Porous medium leakage flow model of brush seal[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2000, 15(1): 55-58. (in Chinese) [7] HUANG Shouqing,SUO Shuangfu,LI Yongjian,et al. Theoretical and experimental investigation on tip forces and temperature distributions of the brush seal coupled aerodynamic force[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2014,136(5): 052502. doi: 10.1115/1.4026074 [8] 马登骞,张元桥,李志刚,等. 采用三维叉排管束模型的刷式密封泄漏特性研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2020,54(9): 72-80. MA Dengqian,ZHANG Yuanqiao,LI Zhigang,et al. Investigating leakage flow characteristics of brush seals via three-dimensional staggered tube bundle model[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2020,54(9): 72-80. (in ChineseMA Dengqian, ZHANG Yuanqiao, LI Zhigang, et al. Investigating leakage flow characteristics of brush seals via three-dimensional staggered tube bundle model[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2020, 54(9): 72-80. (in Chinese) [9] 李国勤,孙丹,刘永泉,等. 基于ALE流固耦合方法的刷式密封泄漏特性理论与实验研究[J]. 推进技术,2020,41(8): 1850-1860. LI Guoqin,SUN Dan,LIU Yongquan,et al. Theortical and experimental study on leakage characteristics of brush seal based on ALE fluid-structure compled methodology[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2020,41(8): 1850-1860. (in ChineseLI Guoqin, SUN Dan, LIU Yongquan, et al. Theortical and experimental study on leakage characteristics of brush seal based on ALE fluid-structure compled methodology[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2020, 41(8): 1850-1860. (in Chinese) [10] 孙丹,丁海洋,李国勤,等. 刷式密封泄漏特性数值方法与实验验证[J]. 热力透平,2009,48(1): 6-13. SUN Dan,DING Haiyang,LI Guoqin,et al. Numerical method and experimental verification of brush seal leaka-ge characteristics[J]. Thermal Turbine,2009,48(1): 6-13. (in ChineseSUN Dan, DING Haiyang, LI Guoqin, et al. Numerical method and experimental verification of brush seal leaka-ge characteristics[J]. Thermal Turbine, 2009, 48(1): 6-13. (in Chinese) [11] PUGACHEV A O,DECKNER M. Experimental and theoretical rotordynamic stiffness coefficients for a three-stage brush seal[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2012,31: 143-154. doi: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2012.03.015 [12] HENDRICKS R C,GRIFFIN T A,KLINE T R,et al. Relative performance comparison between baseline labyrinth and dual brush compressor discharge seals in a T-700 engine test[C]//Proceedings of ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. Hague,Netherlands: ASME,2015: 136-157. [13] 曹广州,吉洪湖,袁艳平. 模拟刷式封严泄漏流动的多孔介质模型[J]. 航空动力学报,2008,23(3): 443-447. CAO Guangzhou,JI Honghu,YUAN Yanping. A porous medium model for simulating leakage flows through brush seals[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2008,23(3): 443-447. (in ChineseCAO Guangzhou, JI Honghu, YUAN Yanping. A porous medium model for simulating leakage flows through brush seals[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2008, 23(3): 443-447. (in Chinese) [14] 曹广州. 刷式封严结构的泄漏特性研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学,2006. CAO Guangzhou. Investigation on leakage characteristics of brush seals[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2006. (in ChineseCAO Guangzhou. Investigation on leakage characteristics of brush seals[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. (in Chinese) [15] 邱波,李军,冯增国,等. 两级刷式密封泄漏特性的实验与数值研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2013,47(7): 7-12. QIU Bo,LI Jun,FENG Zengguo,et al. Experimental and numerical investigations of the leakage characteristics of two-stage brush seal[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2013,47(7): 7-12. (in ChineseQIU Bo, LI Jun, FENG Zengguo, et al. Experimental and numerical investigations of the leakage characteristics of two-stage brush seal[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2013, 47(7): 7-12. (in Chinese) [16] 赵欢,焦忠泽,孙丹,等. 多级刷式密封级间压降分配影响因素数值与实验研究[J]. 航空学报,2020,41(10): 123544. ZHAO Huan,JIAO Zhongze,SUN Dan,et al. Numerical and experimental research on interstage pressure drop distribution affecting factors of multi-stage brush seals[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2020,41(10): 123544. (in ChineseZHAO Huan, JIAO Zhongze, SUN Dan, et al. Numerical and experimental research on interstage pressure drop distribution affecting factors of multi-stage brush seals[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2020, 41(10): 123544. (in Chinese) [17] 李军,晏鑫,丰镇平,等. 基于多孔介质模型的刷式密封泄漏流动特性研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2007,41(7): 768-771,779. LI Jun,YAN Xin,FENG Zhenping,et al. Study on the leakage flow characteristics of brush seal based on porous medium model[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2007,41(7): 768-771,779. (in ChineseLI Jun, YAN Xin, FENG Zhenping, et al. Study on the leakage flow characteristics of brush seal based on porous medium model[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2007, 41(7): 768-771, 779. (in Chinese) [18] ERGUN S. Fluid flow through packed columns[J]. Chemical Engineering Progress,1952,48(2): 89-94. [19] 邱波,李军. 基于多孔介质局部非热平衡方法的刷式密封耦合传热特性[J]. 航空动力学报,2015,30(5): 1067-1075. QIU Bo,LI Jun. Conjugate heat transfer characteristics of brush seal based on local thermal non-equilibrium porous medium approach[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2015,30(5): 1067-1075. (in ChineseQIU Bo, LI Jun. Conjugate heat transfer characteristics of brush seal based on local thermal non-equilibrium porous medium approach[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2015, 30(5): 1067-1075. (in Chinese) [20] 黄首清. 刷式密封的介质流动及刷丝尖端接触传热特性研究[D]. 北京: 清华大学,2015. HUANG Shouqing. Research on the flow field and bristles tip contact heat transfer characteristics of brush seals[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University,2015. (in ChineseHUANG Shouqing. Research on the flow field and bristles tip contact heat transfer characteristics of brush seals[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2015. (in Chinese) [21] YAKHOT V,ORSZAG S A. Renormalization group analysis of turbulence: Ⅰ basic theory[J]. Journal of Scientific Computing,1986,1(1): 3-51. doi: 10.1007/BF01061452 [22] 王福军. 计算流体动力学分析: CFD软件原理与应用[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社,2004. WANG Fujun. Computational fluid dynamics analysis: principle and application of CFD software[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press,2004. (in ChineseWANG Fujun. Computational fluid dynamics analysis: principle and application of CFD software[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2004. (in Chinese) [23] ARORA G K,PROCTOR M P. JTAGG Ⅱ brush seal test results: AIAA1997-2632 [R]. Seattle: AIAA,1997. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 518
- HTML浏览量: 267
- PDF量: 54
- 被引次数: 0