临近空间飞艇太阳能电池铺设优化

李冠雄; 肖良华; 郭强; 张斌; 陈良

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230032

临近空间飞艇太阳能电池铺设优化

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230032

李冠雄^{1, 2},
肖良华¹,
郭强¹,
张斌¹,
陈良¹

1.
成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 671部，成都 610092
2.
四川大学空天科学与工程学院，成都 610065

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12202297）

详细信息

作者简介:
李冠雄（1991-），男，副研究员，博士生，主要从事飞行器设计研究

中图分类号: V221
计量
- 文章访问数: 509
- HTML浏览量: 129
- PDF量: 38
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-01-14
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-01

Optimization of a solar array layout for a stratospheric airship

1.
671 Department，Chengdu Aircraft Industrial （Group） Company，Limited，Chengdu 610092，China
2.
School of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610065，China

摘要

摘要:
采用数值离散方法建立临近空间飞艇不规则曲面太阳能电池性能计算模型，完成不同航向角条件下太阳能电池性能参数研究。基于太阳能电池性能计算模型，以太阳能电池面积最小为目标，建立太阳能电池布局优化平台，得到不同航向角条件下太阳能电池最优铺设方案。研究表明：采用平面太阳能电池模型和曲面太阳能电池模型计算得到的太阳能电池输出性能具有显著差异，临近空间飞艇航向角对太阳能电池输出性能有重要影响。布局优化可以在保证输出能量足够的条件下显著减小太阳能电池的面积和质量，在航向角为90°条件下，通过布局优化，可以使太阳能电池铺设面积减小21.9%。
- 临近空间飞艇 /
- 太阳能电池 /
- 数值离散方法 /
- 优化方法 /
- 航向角
Abstract:
The computational model of a solar array on an irregularly curved surface for its application to a stratospheric airship was established using numerical discrete method, and parameter investigations under different heading angles of the airship were carried out. A layout optimization platform based on the solar radiation and solar array models was developed to optimize the area of the solar array, and the optimum layouts of the solar array under different heading angles were obtained. Results indicated that flat and curved surfaces can lead to large differences in the performance of the solar array, and the heading angles strongly affected the output power of solar cells. The proposed optimization method can help effectively reduce the area and weight of the solar array under the condition of sufficient output energy of the solar array. Moreover, the area of the solar array was reduced by 21.9% when the heading angle was 90°.
- stratospheric airship /
- solar cell /
- numerical discretization method /
- optimization method /
- heading angle

HTML

图 1 天球和地平坐标系

Figure 1. Horizon and celestial coordinate systems

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图 2 飞艇母线的参数化表示

Figure 2. Parameterized result of envelope of airship

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图 3 太阳能电池数值离散

Figure 3. Numerical discretization of solar cells

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图 4 机体坐标系

Figure 4. Body coordinate system

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图 5 飞艇航向角示意图

Figure 5. Schematic of heading angle of airship

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图 6 太阳能电池单元接收太阳辐射示意图

Figure 6. Schematic of solar radiation received by each element

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图 7 太阳能电池布局参数

Figure 7. Layout parameters of solar array

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图 8 平面和曲面太阳能电池输出功率

Figure 8. Output power of solar array on flat and curved surfaces

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图 9 不同航向角条件下的太阳能电池输出功率

Figure 9. Output power of solar array under different heading angles

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图 10 航向角对一天中太阳能电池输出能量的影响（40°N，春分日）

Figure 10. Output energy of solar array in a day under different heading angles （40°N, spring equinox）

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图 11 不同日期太阳能电池输出功率

Figure 11. Output power of solar array in a day on different dates

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图 12 不同日期太阳能电池输出能量

Figure 12. Output energy of solar array in a day on different dates

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图 13 太阳能电池优化流程

Figure 13. Optimization process of solar array

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图 14 不同航向角条件下太阳能电池优化结果

Figure 14. Optimization results of solar array under different heading angles

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图 15 不同航向角优化前后太阳能电池在一天内的输出功率变化

Figure 15. Output power of solar array in a day under different heading angles before and after optimization

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图 16 不同时间太阳能电池辐射功率云图

Figure 16. Contours of radiation power of solar array at different times

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表 1 参考飞艇太阳能电池参数和计算结果^[10]

Table 1. Parameters and calculation results of solar array of reference airship^[10]

参数		数值
a/m		82.485
b/m		24.681
长度/m		199.14
太阳能电池转换效率/%		10.26
飞行纬度		40°N
计算日期		8月8日
太阳能电池铺设中心角/（°）		94.173
太阳能电池一天内输出能量/ （kW·h）	文献计算值	3957.55
太阳能电池一天内输出能量/ （kW·h）	本文计算值	3944.73

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表 2 飞艇总体参数

Table 2. Overall parameters of airship

参数	数值
飞行高度/km	20
飞行速度/（m/s）	26
载荷质量/kg	100
载荷功率/kW	5
飞艇总质量/kg	7911
飞艇长度/m	125
太阳能电池一天需提供的电能/（kW·h）	1434

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表 3 太阳能电池参数

Table 3. Parameters of solar array

参数	数值
轴向起始相对位置p_s	0.27
轴向结束相对位置p_e	0.66
周向起始角度γ_s/（°）	60
周向结束角度γ_e/（°）	120
太阳能电池面积/m²	955
太阳能电池质量/kg	334.3
太阳能电池转换效率（单晶硅太阳能电池）/%	20

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表 4 太阳能电池离散参数

Table 4. Discretization parameters of solar array

单元分布参数	轴向单元相对长度	周向单元角度/（°）	单元数量	一天内太阳能电池输出能量/（kW·h）
1	0.015	6	400	1454.2
2	0.010	3	1200	1435.1
3	0.0075	2	2400	1435.3

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表 5 优化后的太阳能电池铺设参数

Table 5. Design parameters of solar array after optimization

航向角/（°）	p_s	p_e	γ_s/（°）	γ_e/（°）
0	0.40	0.69	53.18	125.82
30	0.37	0.72	87.15	142.35
60	0.36	0.70	89.67	141.50
90	0.27	0.65	89.15	137.20

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表 6 优化后太阳能电池的性能参数

Table 6. Performance parameters solar array after optimization

航向角/（°）	太阳能电池面积/m²	太阳能电池质量/kg	一天中太阳能电池输出能量/（kW·h）
0	909.77	318.42	1444.26
30	809.99	283.5	1442.46
60	754.53	264.08	1445.49
90	745.61	260.96	1452.81

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