Effects of convergent impingement holes on leading-edge impingement cooling performance in stationary vanes
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摘要:
为探究渐缩型冲击孔的布置对静叶前缘冲击冷却流动传热的影响，在12个标准冲击孔的不同位置布置渐缩型冲击孔建立3种新型冲击冷却结构。采用ANSYS CFX对4种模型进行计算，分析4种结构流动传热特性及综合传热性能。结果表明：渐缩型冲击孔能减小工质流动阻力且渐缩型冲击孔个数越多流动阻力越小；仅在下游布置6个渐缩型冲击孔的冷却结构靶面上传热效果最好且靶面传热也最均匀。标准冲击孔和渐缩型冲击孔交替布置的冷却结构靶面传热均匀性最差。3种新型结构都能明显提高综合传热因子。相比标准结构，仅在下游布置6个渐缩型冲击孔的冷却结构综合传热因子提升了20.07%，全部为渐缩型冲击孔冷却结构综合传热因子提升了21.72%，交替布置冷却结构综合传热因子提升了12.11%。
Abstract:To investigate the parametric impact of the arrangement of the convergent impingement holes on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the vane leading edge impingement cooling structure, three types of cooling structures with different convergent impingement holes arrangement based on 12 standard impingement holes were established. ANSYS CFX was used to stimulate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the four impingement models. The thermal performance factors of the four structures were also compared and analyzed in detail. The results showed that the convergent impingement holes can reduce the flow resistance of cooling air and the coolant flow resistance with more convergent impingement holes was smaller. The cooling structure with 6 convergent impingement holes arranged downstream showed the best heat transfer and the most uniform heat transfer distribution of the target surface. The cooling structure with alternant arrangement of standard impingement holes and convergent impingement holes showed the worst heat transfer uniformity on the target surface. The three new structures can all significantly increase the thermal performance factor. Compared with the standard structure, the thermal performance factor of the cooling structure with only 6 convergent impingement holes arranged downstream increased by 20.07%; the thermal performance factor of the cooling structure with all convergent impingement holes increased by 21.72%; the thermal performance factor of the alternate arranged structure increased by 12.11%.
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图 1 标准冲击孔和渐缩冲击孔三维展示及剖面示意图（单位：mm）
Figure 1. Three-dimensional diagrams and section diagrams of standard impingement hole and convergent impingement hole （unit：mm）
图 2 部分三维结构模型组件的组成图示
Figure 2. Schematics representation of composition in partial three-dimensional structural models
图 3 部分三维结构模型组件几何尺寸图示（单位：mm）
Figure 3. Schematics illustration of geometrical dimensions for partial three-dimensional structural models （unit：mm）
图 4 结构1计算域网格拓扑结构示意图
Figure 4. Schematic of mesh topology in computational domain for configuration 1
图 5 4种结构靶面Nua随网格数量的变化曲线
Figure 5. Nua of 4 configuration target surfaces with number of grids
图 8 4种构型XZ三处剖面的VXZ速度云图和流线图谱
Figure 8. VXZ contour plots and streamline topologies of 4 configurations for 3 VXZ sections
图 10 4种构型YZ中心剖面的VYZ速度云图以及流线图谱
Figure 10. VYZ contour plots and streamline topologies of 4 configurations for YZ section
图 11 4种结构的Cp在冲击腔室内沿Y轴轴向分布示意图
Figure 11. Cp distribution along Y-axis in impingement cavity for 4 configurations
图 12 4种不同构型靶面区域Nu分布特性云图
Figure 12. Nu spatial distribution contour plots of 4 configurations in the impingement target surface
图 13 4种构型冲击靶面的Nuac沿主流（Y轴）方向分布特性示意图
Figure 13. Nuac distribution along the mainstream （Y-axis） for 4 configuration impingement target surfaces
表 1 4类冲击冷却构型的各项性能指标对比表
Table 1. Comparative table of performance metrics for4 impingement cooling configurations
参数 结构1 结构2 结构3 结构4 Nua 82.22 85.45 84.44 84.43 f 0.1322 0.1076 0.0834 0.1064 η 0.8689 1.0433 1.0576 0.9741 
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