Dynamic thermal protection characteristics of cooling circuit of aero-vector-nozzle actuator
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摘要:
为了研究航空矢量喷管作动器冷却回路在动态工况下的热防护特性，利用Fluent动网格技术对作动器往复运动过程进行数值模拟，并搭建高温试验台对仿真模型正确性进行了验证。对比分析了活塞杆在全伸出静止工况和往复运动工况下作动器冷却回路热防护效果，获取了作动器动态工况下的流场、压力、流量、温度分布规律。结果表明：在活塞杆运动时进出口流量较静止时有较大提升，使得动态工况下冷却回路的热防护效果显著优于静止工况，动态工况下定子和密封套密封温度相较于静止工况分别降低了29.2、8.0 ℃，筒体温度降低了35 ℃，这表明开展动态计算可以更准确预测作动器真实工况下的热防护性能。本文研究为矢量喷管作动器结构改进提供了有力分析工具与设计参考。
Abstract:In order to study the thermal protection characteristics of the cooling circuit of the aero-vector nozzle actuator under dynamic conditions, the reciprocating motion process of the actuator was numerically simulated by using the Fluent dynamic grid technology, and a high temperature test bench was built to verify the correctness of the simulation model. The thermal protection effect of the actuator cooling circuit under the static and reciprocating conditions of the piston rod was compared and analyzed, and the distribution law of the flow field, pressure, flow rate and temperature of the actuator under dynamic condition was obtained. The results showed that the inlet and outlet flow rate increased greatly when the piston rod moved, so the thermal protection effect of the cooling circuit under dynamic condition was significantly better than that under static condition. The stator and sleeve sealing temperatures under dynamic condition were reduced by 29.2 ℃ and 8.0 ℃, respectively, and the cylinder temperature was reduced by 35 ℃ compared with the static condition. This indicated that dynamic calculation can predict the thermal protection performance of the actuator in real working condition more accurately. The research could provide a powerful analysis tool and design reference for improving the structure of vector nozzle actuator.
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图 7 两种进油方式下温度云图（仿真时刻为1 000 s）
Figure 7. Temperature cloud map under two feeding modes （current simulation time is 1 000 seconds）
图 8 静止工况3处密封位置温升曲线
Figure 8. Temperature rise curves of three sealing positions in static condition
图 10 3处密封位置动态温升曲线
Figure 10. Dynamic temperature rise curves of three sealing positions
图 11 动静态工况温升过程温度云图
Figure 11. Temperature cloud map of temperature rise under dynamic and static conditions
表 1 作动器工作行程规律
Table 1. Actuator working stroke rule
参数 收杆 左极限停留 伸杆 右极限停留 行程/m 0.147 0 0.147 0 时间/s 0.85 5.0 1.0 5.0 平均速度/（m/s） −0.173 0 0.147 0 
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表 2 材料物性
Table 2. Material property
计算域 材料 导热系数
$\lambda $/（W/（m·℃））密度
$\rho $/（kg/m3）比热容
C/（J/（kg·℃））动力黏度
$\mu $/（kg/（m·s））筒体、活塞 钛合金TC6 8.88 4500 464 密封套、定子 钛合金TC4 7.40 4440 624 冷却套筒 2A12-T4 121.10 2800 902 传感器动子 316L 8.40 7980 502 燃油介质 RP-3 0.11 731.71 2693 0.000641 高温箱空气 0.035 0.83 1017 0.0000239
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