Study on performance of annular diffusers in afterburner
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摘要:
为了研究不同类型环型扩压器减速扩压性能，采用稳态数值计算方法，研究了加力燃烧室3种类型环型扩压器的结构参数和进口马赫数对总压恢复系数的影响规律，得到了总压恢复系数随结构参数和进口马赫数变化的经验关系式与扩压器性能图。研究结果表明：环型扩压器损失主要包括沿程损失、渐扩损失等，提出的经验关系式与试验结果相对误差在2.05%以内，能够准确地预测3种环型扩压器总压恢复系数；随着进口马赫数从0.3增大到0.55，3种环型扩压器静压恢复系数都逐渐增大，在高进口马赫数下展现出较强的压力恢复能力；相较于标准件环型扩压器，等压力梯度和等速度梯度环型扩压器在高面积比时出口流场更加均匀，扩压器出口由于黏性剪切导致的能量耗散更低。
Abstract:In order to study the deceleration and diffusion performance of different annular diffusers, the influences of structural parameters and inlet Mach number on the total pressure recovery coefficient of three types of annular diffuser in afterburner were numerically studied under steady-state conditions. The empirical correlation of the total pressure recovery coefficient varying with the structural parameters and inlet Mach number, as well as the performance charts of diffusers, was obtained. The results showed that the losses of annular diffusers mainly included the loss along the path, and the loss of gradual expansion, etc. The relative error between the empirical correlation and the experimental results was within 2.05%, meaning that the empirical correlation can accurately predict the total pressure recovery coefficient of annular diffusers. With the increase of inlet Mach number from 0.3 to 0.55, the static pressure recovery coefficient of annular diffuser increased gradually, and the annular diffusers had strong pressure recovery ability at high inlet Mach number. Compared with the standard annular diffuser, the flow field at the outlet of constant pressure gradient and constant velocity gradient annular diffuser was more uniform, and the energy dissipation caused by viscous shear was lower at the diffuser outlet.
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图 4 加力燃烧室环型扩压器冷态流阻试验系统
Figure 4. Cold flow resistance experimental system of afterburner annular diffuser
图 5 数值计算结果与试验结果对比
Figure 5. Comparison between numerical calculation results and experimental results
图 6 加力燃烧室冷态流阻试验误差带图
Figure 6. Experimental error band diagram of cold flow resistance in afterburner
图 7 环型扩压器总压恢复系数试验结果与经验关系式拟合结果对比
Figure 7. Comparison between experimental results and empirical correlation results of annular diffuser total pressure recovery coefficient
图 8 无量纲长度一定时环型扩压器静压恢复系数随面积比变化（Ma=0.3，等压力梯度环型扩压器）
Figure 8. Variation of annular diffuser static pressure recovery coefficient with area ratio at constant non-dimensional length （Ma=0.3, constant pressure gradient annular diffusers）
图 9 面积比一定时环型扩压器静压恢复系数随无量纲长度变化（Ma=0.3，等压力梯度环型扩压器）
Figure 9. Variation of annular diffuser static pressure recovery coefficient with non-dimensional length at constant area ratio（Ma=0.3, constant pressure gradient annular diffusers）
图 10 环型扩压器静压恢复系数插值结果与经验关系式拟合结果
Figure 10. Interpolation and empirical correlation fitting results of annular diffuser static pressure recovery coefficient
图 11 环型扩压器静压恢复系数等值线图（Ma=0.3，标准件环型扩压器）
Figure 11. Isogram of annular diffuser static pressure recovery coefficient （Ma=0.3, standard annular diffusers）
图 12 标准件环型扩压器性能图（Rh/Rt=0.699）
Figure 12. Performance charts of standard annular diffuser （Rh/Rt=0.699）
图 13 等压力梯度环型扩压器性能图（Rh/Rt=0.699）
Figure 13. Performance charts of constant pressure gradient annular diffuser （Rh/Rt=0.699）
图 14 等速度梯度环型扩压器性能图（Rh/Rt=0.699）
Figure 14. Performance charts of constant velocity gradient annular diffuser （Rh/Rt=0.699）
表 1 经验关系式拟合系数
Table 1. Fitting coefficients of empirical correlation
拟合系数 P V S k1 0.0165 0.0105 4.483 k2 −6.935 −4.633 − 0.0168 k3 − 1.0377 −0.783 −0.772 k4 −0.698 −0.61 −1.51 k5 0.1554 0.2586 0.257 
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