Numerical simulation method for the random vibration response of thin-walled conical shells of composite materials
-
摘要:
以某超燃冲压发动机尾喷管为对象，采用三维有限元分析方法，建立尾喷管有限元模型，开展薄壁锥壳振动特性分析、随机振动环境下的结构动力响应分析和相应的动力学试验验证。结果表明：尾喷管模态丰富，振动形式主要为多阶节圆、节径振动；在受到轴向随机振动载荷时，总体表现为周向阶数
m =6、轴向阶数n =1为主的振型，喷管后段振幅较大，对加速度有明显放大，可能成为动力学设计的薄弱位置；仿真与试验能较好地对应，模态频率的误差在10%以内，符合工程计算要求。因此仿真方法具有实际应用价值，为超燃冲压发动机的动力学设计及评估提供了参考。Abstract:A specific tail nozzle of a supercharged ramjet engine was selected as the object of analysis. A three-dimensional finite element analysis method was employed to establish a finite element model of the tail nozzle, enabling investigation of the vibration characteristics of the thin-walled conical shell, structural dynamic response analysis under random vibration conditions, and validation through dynamic experimental tests. The results indicated that the tail nozzle exhibited a diverse range of modal characteristics, primarily characterized by multi-order nodal circle and nodal diameter vibrations. Under axial random vibration loads, the dominant vibration mode observed was
m =6,n =1, with the aft section of the nozzle experiencing significant amplitudes and notable amplification of acceleration. This section may be considered as a vulnerable area for dynamic design considerations. The simulation results agreed well with the experimental data, with modal frequency errors within 10%, meeting the requirements for engineering calculations. Therefore, the simulation method with practical value can provide a reference for the dynamic design and evaluation of supercharged ramjet engines. -
图 9 随机振动信号及其傅里叶变换示例
Figure 9. Example of a random vibration signal and its Fourier transform
图 15 加速度响应提取点（单位：mm/s2）
Figure 15. Acceleration response extraction point （unit: mm/s2）
图 16 不同位置加速度响应功率谱密度曲线
Figure 16. Power spectral density curves of acceleration response at different positions
图 18 不同位置功率谱密度仿真与试验对比
Figure 18. Simulation and experimental comparison of power spectral density at different locations
表 1 尾喷管安装状态下摆动、弯曲模态仿真及试验对比
Table 1. Simulation and test comparison of oscillation and bending modes in the tailpipe installation
阶数 固有频率/Hz 振型描述 误差/% 试验 仿真 1 75.3 75.52 摆动 0.3 2 531.7 503.07 1阶弯曲 5.4 3 1071.6 1002.62 2阶弯曲 6.4 4 1263.8 1246.84 3阶弯曲 1.3 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 C/ C-SiC复合材料机械性能参数
Table 2. Mechanical performance parameters of C/C-SiC composites
性能参数 方向 数值 拉伸弹性模量/GPa X 8.2 Y 34.5 Z 30.7 泊松比 XY 0.11 YZ 0.11 XZ 0.11 切变模量/GPa XY 6.72 YZ 3.36 XZ 6.72 密度/（g/cm3） 2.2 注：表中X为径向，Y为周向，Z为轴向。
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 随机振动试验条件状态
Table 4. Random vibration test condition state
方向 Srm/g 频率范围/
Hz功率谱密度/
（g2/Hz）试验时间/
min轴向（Z） 8 10～100 3 dB/oct 4 100～1000 0.044 4 1000～2000 −6 dB/oct 4
下载: 导出CSV
表 5 加速度均方根值仿真与试验对比
Table 5. Comparison of simulation and experiment for root mean square value of acceleration
测点 加速度均方根/g 误差/% 仿真值 试验值 M1 10.02 10.46 4.21 M2 17.16 20.14 14.80
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 林鹏,庄福建,曲林锋,等. 高超声速飞机尾喷管设计-制造与验证技术发展综述[J]. 航空学报,2022,43(6): 45-55. LIN Peng,ZHUANG Fujian,QU Linfeng,et al. Technological development in hypersonic nozzle design,manufacture and validation: a review[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2022,43(6): 45-55. (in ChineseLIN Peng, ZHUANG Fujian, QU Linfeng, et al. Technological development in hypersonic nozzle design, manufacture and validation: a review[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2022, 43(6): 45-55. (in Chinese) [2] 季鹤鸣,龚正真,邵万仁,等. 喷管与机后体一体化设计初探[J]. 航空发动机,2008,34(2): 27-29,35. JI Heming,GONG Zhengzhen,SHAO Wanren,et al. Preliminary investigated of integrated design for nozzle and aircraft afterbody[J]. Aeroengine,2008,34(2): 27-29,35. (in ChineseJI Heming, GONG Zhengzhen, SHAO Wanren, et al. Preliminary investigated of integrated design for nozzle and aircraft afterbody[J]. Aeroengine, 2008, 34(2): 27-29, 35. (in Chinese) [3] 王书贤. 几何可调喷管的结构特点及发展[J]. 兵器装备工程学报,2018,39(1): 6-13. WANG Shuxian. Review on structural characteristics and development of geometric variable nozzle[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering,2018,39(1): 6-13. (in ChineseWANG Shuxian. Review on structural characteristics and development of geometric variable nozzle[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2018, 39(1): 6-13. (in Chinese) [4] ZHANG Xinghong,DU Baihe,HU Ping,et al. Thermal response,oxidation and ablation of ultra–high temperature ceramics,C/SiC,C/C,graphite and graphite–ceramics[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology,2022,102: 137-158. [5] 王首豪. ZrC改性C/C-SiC复合材料高温性能及影响机理研究[D]. 辽宁 大连: 大连理工大学,2020. WANG Shouhao. High-temperature performance and influence mechanisms of ZrC-modified C/C-SiC composites[D]. Dalian Liaoning: Dalian University of Technology,2020. (in ChineseWANG Shouhao. High-temperature performance and influence mechanisms of ZrC-modified C/C-SiC composites[D]. Dalian Liaoning: Dalian University of Technology, 2020. (in Chinese) [6] 严科飞,张程煜,乔生儒,等. C/C和C/SiC复合材料的夏比冲击性能研究[J]. 航空材料学报,2011,31(2): 95-98. YAN Kefei,ZHANG Chengyu,QIAO Shengru,et al. Charpy impact properties of C/C and C/SiC composties[J]. Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2011,31(2): 95-98. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-5053.2011.2.018YAN Kefei, ZHANG Chengyu, QIAO Shengru, et al. Charpy impact properties of C/C and C/SiC composties[J]. Journal of Aeronautical Materials, 2011, 31(2): 95-98. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-5053.2011.2.018 [7] 余惠琴,陈长乐,邹武,等. C/C—SiC复合材料的制备与性能[J]. 宇航材料工艺,2001,31(2): 28-32. YU Huiqin,CHEN Changle,ZOU Wu,et al. Fabrication and properties of C/C-SiC matrix composites[J]. Aerospace Materials & Technology,2001,31(2): 28-32. (in ChineseYU Huiqin, CHEN Changle, ZOU Wu, et al. Fabrication and properties of C/C-SiC matrix composites[J]. Aerospace Materials & Technology, 2001, 31(2): 28-32. (in Chinese) [8] 王晓丽,谢恒,王坤杰,等. 氢氧发动机大尺寸薄壁C/C-SiC复合材料喷管设计与研究[J]. 导弹与航天运载技术,2019(1): 45-49. WANG Xiaoli,XIE Heng,WANG Kunjie,et al. C/C-SiC composite materials nozzle extension design and investigation for LOX/LH2 rocket engine[J]. Missiles and Space Vehicles,2019(1): 45-49. (in ChineseWANG Xiaoli, XIE Heng, WANG Kunjie, et al. C/C-SiC composite materials nozzle extension design and investigation for LOX/LH2 rocket engine[J]. Missiles and Space Vehicles, 2019(1): 45-49. (in Chinese) [9] 高魁垠. C/SiC复合材料螺栓连接结构可靠性分析[D]. 北京: 中国运载火箭技术研究院,2020. GAO Kuiyin. Reliability analysis of C/SiC composite bolted joints[D]. Beijing: China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,2020. (in ChineseGAO Kuiyin. Reliability analysis of C/SiC composite bolted joints[D]. Beijing: China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, 2020. (in Chinese) [10] 刘力宇,孙康,黄陈哲,等. 基于有限元法的运载火箭复合材料末级舱段随机振动环境预示研究[EB/OL]. 海南 海口:第十七届中国CAE工程分析技术年会,2021. [11] WARBURTON G B. Harmonic response of cylindrical shells[J]. Journal of Engineering for Industry,1974,96(3): 994-999. doi: 10.1115/1.3438473 [12] NOVOZHILOV V V. The theory of thin shells[M]. Groningen: P. Noordhoff,1959. [13] ZANG Chaoping,EWINS D J. Model validation for structural dynamics in the aero-engine design process[J]. Frontiers of Energy and Power Engineering in China,2009,3(4): 480-488. doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0043-8 [14] 马健,燕瑛,杨雷,等. 含孔复合材料圆柱壳冲击破坏试验与有限元分析[J]. 航空学报,2012,33(5): 871-878. MA Jian,YAN Ying,YANG Lei,et al. Experiments and finite element analysis of laminated composite cylindrical shells with circular hole subjected to dynamic loads[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2012,33(5): 871-878. (in ChineseMA Jian, YAN Ying, YANG Lei, et al. Experiments and finite element analysis of laminated composite cylindrical shells with circular hole subjected to dynamic loads[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2012, 33(5): 871-878. (in Chinese) [15] 李广生,陈美霞,原春晖. 基于陆上振动测试的水中圆柱壳结构声振响应计算方法[J]. 中国舰船研究,2022,17(6): 252-260. LI Guangsheng,CHEN Meixia,YUAN Chunhui. Calculation method of underwater acoustic and vibration response of cabin segment based on onshore vibration test[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research,2022,17(6): 252-260. (in ChineseLI Guangsheng, CHEN Meixia, YUAN Chunhui. Calculation method of underwater acoustic and vibration response of cabin segment based on onshore vibration test[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2022, 17(6): 252-260. (in Chinese) [16] 张大义,洪杰,任德新. 碳陶双基体复合材料壳结构的振动分析[J]. 航空动力学报,2011,26(5): 1142-1147. ZHANG Dayi,HONG Jie,REN Dexin. Dynamical analysis on shell structure made of C/C-SiC composite materials[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2011,26(5): 1142-1147. (in ChineseZHANG Dayi, HONG Jie, REN Dexin. Dynamical analysis on shell structure made of C/C-SiC composite materials[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2011, 26(5): 1142-1147. (in Chinese) [17] 林天然,李震. 统计能量分析方法及应用综述[J]. 振动与冲击,2021,40(13): 222-238. LIN Tianran,LI Zhen. Overview of statistical energy analysis and its applications[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2021,40(13): 222-238. (in ChineseLIN Tianran, LI Zhen. Overview of statistical energy analysis and its applications[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2021, 40(13): 222-238. (in Chinese) [18] 廖桔,赵紫豪,朱林峰,等. 飞机燃油管道随机振动分析与设计优化[J]. 管道技术与设备,2021(5): 1-6. LIAO Ju,ZHAO Zihao,ZHU Linfeng,et al. Random vibration analysis and design optimization of aircraft fuel pipeline[J]. Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2021(5): 1-6. (in ChineseLIAO Ju, ZHAO Zihao, ZHU Linfeng, et al. Random vibration analysis and design optimization of aircraft fuel pipeline[J]. Pipeline Technique and Equipment, 2021(5): 1-6. (in Chinese) [19] 陈飞,董萼良. 点导纳法的模态密度测试试验[J]. 噪声与振动控制,2017,37(1): 183-187. CHEN Fei,DONG Eliang. Modal density measurement test based on point admittance method[J]. Noise and Vibration Control,2017,37(1): 183-187. (in ChineseCHEN Fei, DONG Eliang. Modal density measurement test based on point admittance method[J]. Noise and Vibration Control, 2017, 37(1): 183-187. (in Chinese) [20] 克里斯蒂安·拉兰内. 随机振动[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社,2021. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 16
- HTML浏览量: 13
- PDF量: 2
- 被引次数: 0