润湿性梯度表面喷雾冷却流动换热特性

常静毅; 陈振乾; 许波

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230094

润湿性梯度表面喷雾冷却流动换热特性

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230094

东南大学能源与环境学院，南京 210096

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金 (52006031)

详细信息

作者简介:
常静毅（1998-），女，硕士，主要从事喷雾冷却流动传热特性研究。E-mail：jy1074693384@163.com

通讯作者:
陈振乾（1964-），男，教授，博士，主要从事传热传质强化、微重力流体物理研究。E-mail：zqchen@seu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V243;TK124
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-20
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-25

Heat transfer characteristics of wettability gradient surfaces in spray cooling

School of Energy and Environment，Southeast University，Nanjing 210096，China

摘要

摘要:
采用组分输运模型discrete phase model（DPM）和欧拉壁面液膜模型对加热条件下圆环形化学图案改性表面上的喷雾冷却流动换热特性进行了数值模拟。通过对比四种改性表面的液膜厚度、液膜流速、表面温度不均匀性和平均表面传热系数的变化研究了润湿性梯度对表面流动换热特性的影响。结果表明：润湿性梯度表面的换热性能优于均匀润湿性表面，可以促进排液，优化液体管理。润湿性梯度大的表面，液膜流速快、液膜厚度小，疏水表面的排液效果可能优于亲-疏水混合表面，但通过疏水促进成核和亲水延缓干涸的良好设计，亲-疏水混合表面的换热性能最好，并且能够改善表面温度不均匀性。增加润湿性数量和增大梯度，可强化换热。
- 喷雾冷却 /
- 改性表面 /
- 润湿性梯度 /
- 排液 /
- 传热
Abstract:
The Species Transport model, Discrete Phase Model (DPM) and Eulerian wall film model were used to simulate the heat transfer characteristics of the spray cooling on circular chemically patterned modified surfaces under uniform heating conditions. The effect of wettability gradient on heat transfer performance on surfaces was studied by comparing four modified surfaces’ liquid film thickness, liquid film flow rate, surface temperature inhomogeneity and average surface heat transfer coefficient. The results showed that the heat transfer performance of the wettability gradient surfaces was better than that of uniformly wet table surfaces, which can promote the liquid drainage and optimize the liquid management. Surfaces with large wettability gradients had faster liquid film flow rate and smaller liquid film thickness, and hydrophobic surfaces may have better liquid drainage than hydrophilic-hydrophobic hybrid surfaces, yet hydrophilic-hydrophobic hybrid surfaces had the best heat transfer performance through a good hydrophobic design to promote nucleation and hydrophilic performance to retard drying, and can improve surface temperature inhomogeneity. Increasing the number of wettability and increasing the gradient can enhance the heat transfer.
- spray cooling /
- modified surfaces /
- wettability gradient /
- liquid drainage /
- heat transfer

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图 1 喷雾冷却系统的物理模型（单位：mm）

Figure 1. Physical model of the spray cooling system （unit: mm）

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图 2 不同网格数量下SMD及表面平均温度的变化曲线

Figure 2. Variation curves of SMD and average surface temperature with different number of grids

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图 3 液滴撞击液膜机理

Figure 3. Droplet impacting liquid film mechanism

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图 4 亲水（67°）与疏水（110°）表面液滴运动特性

Figure 4. Droplet motion characteristics on hydrophilic （67°） and hydropho-bic （110°） heating surfaces

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图 5 均匀润湿性表面径向液膜厚度分布

Figure 5. Liquid film thickness distribution on uniformly wettable surfaces radial position

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图 6 均匀润湿性表面径向液膜流速分布

Figure 6. Liquid film flow rate distribution on uniformly wettable surfaces radial position

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图 7 均匀润湿性表面对比铜基表面的排液效果

Figure 7. Liquid drainage effect of uniformly wettable surfaces compared to copper-based surfaces

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图 8 均匀润湿性表面平均表面传热系数及表面温度不均匀性

Figure 8. Average Surface heat transfer coefficient and surface temperature non-uniformity on uniformly wettable surfaces

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图 9 双圆环润湿性梯度表面径向液膜厚度分布

Figure 9. Liquid film thickness distribution on double circular wettability gradient surfaces radial position

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图 10 双圆环润湿性梯度表面径向液膜流速分布

Figure 10. Liquid film flow rate distribution on double circular wettability gradient surfaces radial position

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图 11 双圆环润湿性梯度表面对比铜基表面的排液效果

Figure 11. Liquid drainage effect of double circular wettability gradient surfaces compared to copper-based surfaces

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图 12 双圆环润湿性梯度表面的平均表面传热系数及表面温度不均匀性

Figure 12. Average surface heat transfer coefficient and surface temperature non-uniformity on double circular wettability gradient surfaces

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图 13 三圆环润湿性梯度表面径向液膜厚度分布

Figure 13. Liquid film thickness distribution on on tri-circular wettability gradient surfaces radial position

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图 14 三圆环润湿性梯度表面径向液膜流速分布

Figure 14. Liquid film flow rate distribution on tri-circular wettability gradient surfaces radial position

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图 15 三圆环润湿性梯度表面对比铜基表面的排液效果

Figure 15. Liquid drainage effect of tri-circular wettability gradient surfaces compared to copper-based surfaces

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图 16 三圆环润湿性梯度表面的平均表面传热系数及表面温度不均匀性

Figure 16. Average surface heat transfer coefficient and surface temperature non-uniformity on tri-circular wettability gradient surfaces

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表 1 不同模拟工况的边界条件

Table 1. Boundary conditions for different simulation conditions

喷雾压力/Pa	喷雾高度/mm	热流密度/ （W/cm²）	数量/个	表面类型	接触角
喷雾压力/Pa	喷雾高度/mm	热流密度/ （W/cm²）	数量/个	表面类型	外圆环$ {\theta }_{1} $/ （°）	中圆环$ {\theta }_{2} $/ （°）	内圆环$ {\theta }_{3} $/ （°）
1000000	10	100	1	超亲水^[18]	10	10	10
				亲水	50	50	50
				铜基^[19]	88	88	88
				分界^[18]	90	90	90
				疏水	120	120	120
				超疏水^[18]	150	150	150
			2	亲水	10	10	50
				疏水	120	120	150
				亲-疏水混合	50	50	120
				亲-疏水混合	10	10	150
			3	亲水	10	50	90
				疏水	90	120	150
				亲-疏水混合	50	90	120
				亲-疏水混合	10	90	150

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 模拟参数

Table 2. simulation parameters

工质	质量流量/ （L/min）	喷射半锥角/ （°）	喷嘴直径/ mm	初始液膜厚度/ mm
水	0.52	30	0.56	0.03

下载: 导出CSV

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