Acoustic normalization characteristics of jet impingement: overall sound pressure level and spectra
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摘要:
为完善射流噪声建模方法，深入分析了实验数据并研究了冲击射流噪声归一化特性。实验时利用传声器弧阵列测量亚声速射流冲击斜板远场噪声，并基于射流速度
n 次方律对噪声数据进行分析。结果表明冲击射流总声压级（OASPL）和n 次方律符合得很好，但不同观测极角（θ ）的速度因子（n ）存在差异，θ =30°，θ =90°和θ =120°方向OASPL速度因子分别为6.8、8.0和9.7。θ =30°和θ =120°方向频谱归一化结果较好，主要频段的速度因子分别为7.5和10.0。噪声归一化特性分析表明上游冲击噪声的增长速率明显大于8次方律，而在射流冲击斜板的下游方向，冲击噪声的影响很小，θ =30°主要受壁面射流相关噪声辐射，且其St <0.2频段和0.2≤St ≤2频段分别呈现偶极子声源和四极子声源特征。Abstract:For the improvement of jet noise modeling, comprehensive analysis of experimental data was conducted to study the normalization characteristics of jet impingement noise. The experiment of subsonic jet impingement on an inclined plate was carried out in a full anechoic chamber. A microphone arc array was applied to collect the far field sound data. The nth power law of jet velocities was utilized to analyze the jet impingement noise. The results of overall sound pressure level (OASPL) showed a good agreement with the nth power law, but the velocity factors (
n ) varied in the observation directions (θ ). The velocity factors of OASPL in directions of 30°, 90° and 120° were 6.8, 8.0 and 9.7, respectively. After normalization, the narrow-band sound pressure level spectra collapsed well and the velocity factors of main band were 7.5 and 10.0, respectively in the directions of 30° and 120°. It can be established that the growth rates of impingement noise were significant higher than the 8th power law in the upstream directions. Moreover, the normalization results and velocity factors indicated that the impingement noise had a little effect on downstream directions. It was found that wall jet-related noise dominated in downstream direction, and the spectra presented dipole noise and quadrupole noise in band ofSt <0.2 and 0.2≤St ≤2 respectively in the direction of 30°. -
图 6 射流冲击OASPL（Ma=0.61, 0.78, 1.01）
Figure 6. OASPL of jet impingement （Ma=0.61, 0.78, 1.01）
图 9 自由射流和冲击射流流动显示（α=65°，Ma=0.91）
Figure 9. Flow visualization of free jet and jet impingement （θ=65°, Ma=0.91）
图 10 典型极角OASPL和n次方律拟合
Figure 10. OASPL and fitting results of nth power law for typical polar angles
图 14 窄带声压级频谱速度因子
Figure 14. Velocity factors for narrow-band sound pressure level spectra
表 1 单喷管冷射流模拟装置主要性能指标
Table 1. Main performance index for SCJS
性能指标/单位 数值 供气表总压/kPa 600 稳定段直径/mm 200 出口马赫数 0.2～1.8 质量流量/（kg/s） 0.2～2 压力控制精度/% 0.1 工作时间/s 1800 
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