改进型后挡板开孔刷式密封滞后效应与吹下效应数值研究

杨艺潇; 孙丹; 赵欢; 慕伟; 任国哲; 徐文峰

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230143

改进型后挡板开孔刷式密封滞后效应与吹下效应数值研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230143

杨艺潇¹,
孙丹^1,*, ,,
赵欢¹,
慕伟^{2, 3},
任国哲¹,
徐文峰¹

1.
沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室，沈阳 110136
2.
中国航发沈阳发动机研究所，沈阳 110015
3.
中国航发航空发动机动力传输航空科技重点实验室，沈阳 110015

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52075346）；辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”（XLYC2007077）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨艺潇（1999-），男，硕士生，主要从事刷式密封多场耦合性能分析与结构设计研究

通讯作者:
孙丹（1981-），男，教授，博士，主要从事航空发动机先进密封技术研究。E-mail：phd_sundan@163.com

中图分类号: V233；TK263.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-10
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-10

Numerical study on hysteresis effect and blow down effect of improved brush seal structure with through hole on backing plate

YANG Yixiao¹,
SUN Dan^{1,*
, ,},
ZHAO Huan¹,
MU Wei^{2, 3},
REN Guozhe¹,
XU Wenfeng¹

1.
Liaoning Key Lab of Advanced Test Technology for Aerospace Propulsion System，School of Aero-engine，Shenyang Aerospace University，Shenyang 110136，China
2.
Shenyang Engine Research Institute，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shenyang 110015，China
3.
Key Laboratory for Power Transmission of Aero Engine，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shenyang 110015，China

摘要

摘要:
提出改进型后挡板开孔刷式密封结构，建立改进型后挡板开孔刷式密封流场特性三维实体求解模型。对比分析传统刷式密封与改进型刷式密封流场压力分布特性，研究结构参数与工况参数对改进型刷式密封滞后效应与吹下效应影响规律。研究结果表明：后挡板开孔刷式密封结构可以有效抑制滞后效应与吹下效应。增加后挡板开孔排数与直径均可提高对滞后效应与吹下效应的抑制作用，随着进出口压比增加，后挡板开孔刷式密封对滞后效应抑制作用提升，对吹下效应抑制作用下降。在压比为1.5～3.0范围内，改型结构的稳态泄漏量相比压力平衡腔型刷式密封增加11.2%～15.4%，相比减压腔型刷式密封减少58.3%～66.7%，保留了与减压腔型刷式密封相近的迟滞性能，并提升了封严性能。在后挡板设置三排沿径向周向均布的降压孔阵列，相比基本型刷式密封，刷丝束下游面无量纲压力系数减少85.0%～88.9%，刷丝束下游面与后挡板接触位置压力显著降低，刷丝束上/下端面无量纲压力系数差值减少75.0%～96.7%，刷丝束内部径向压差明显减少，抑制滞后效应与吹下效应效果明显。
- 改进型后挡板开孔刷式密封 /
- 低滞后刷式密封 /
- 滞后效应 /
- 吹下效应 /
- 三维实体建模
Abstract:
A improved brush seal structure with through hole on backing plate structure was presented, and a three-dimensional numerical calculation model for the flow field characteristics of the improved brush seal structure with through hole on backing plate was established. The flow field pressure distribution characteristics of the traditional and improved brush seals were compared and analyzed, and the influence laws of the structure parameters and operating parameters on the hysteresis and blow-down effects of the improved brush seal were studied. The research results showed that the brush seal with through hole on backing plate structure can effectively suppress the hysteresis and blow-down effects. Increasing the number and diameter of through hole on backing plate can improve the inhibition of hysteresis and blow-down effects. With the increase of inlet and outlet pressure ratio, the inhibition of brush seal with through hole on backing plate on hysteresis effect increased, and the inhibition of blow-down effect decreased. Under the pressure ratio range of 1.5 to 3.0, compared with pressure balanced chamber brush seal, the steady-state leakage of the modified structure increased by 11.2% to 15.4%, and compared with pressure relief chamber brush seal, the steady-state leakage of the modified structure decreased by 58.3% to 66.7%, inhibition of hysteresis effect performance was similar to pressure relief chamber brush seal and the sealing performance was improved. Three rows of pressure relief hole arrays uniformly distributed along the radial and circumferential directions were arranged on the backing plate, compared with basic brush seal, the dimensionless pressure coefficient of the downstream surface of the bristle was reduced by 85.0% to 88.9%, the pressure at the contact position between the downstream surface of the bristle and backing plate decreased significantly, the difference between the dimensionless pressure coefficient of the upper and lower end faces of the bristle was reduced by 75.0% to 96.7%, and the radial pressure difference inside the bristle was significantly reduced. The inhibition of hysteresis and blow-down effects was obvious.
- improved brush seal structure with through hole on backing plate /
- low hysteresis brush seal /
- hysteresis effect /
- blowdown effect /
- three dimensional solid model

HTML

图 1 传统刷式密封扇形段三维结构图

Figure 1. Three dimensional structural diagram of traditional brush seal sector

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图 2 后挡板开孔刷式密封扇形段三维结构图

Figure 2. Three dimensional structural diagram of sector of brush seal with through hole on backing plate

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图 3 后挡板开孔刷式密封结构示意图

Figure 3. Structural diagram of brush seal with through hole on backing plate

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图 4 数值求解模型

Figure 4. Numerical calculation model

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图 5 网格划分示意图

Figure 5. Diagram of grid division

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图 6 网格无关性验证

Figure 6. Grid independence verification

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图 7 泄漏量对比验证结果

Figure 7. Leakage volume comparison verification results

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图 8 基本型与低滞后型刷式密封在刷丝束下游面径向无量纲压力系数p^*对比验证

Figure 8. Comparison verification of radial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* of basic and low hysteresis brush seal along downstream surface of bristle

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图 9 4种刷式密封结构流场压力云图

Figure 9. Pressure contours of four brush seal structures

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图 10 4种刷式密封结构流场速度云图

Figure 10. Velocity contours of four brush seal structures

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图 11 4种刷式密封结构泄漏特性分析

Figure 11. Analysis of leakage characteristics of four brush seal structures

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图 12 4种刷式密封结构刷丝束下游面的径向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 12. Radial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* along downstream surface of bristle pack of four brush seals structures

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图 13 4种刷式密封结构刷丝束不同径向高度的轴向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 13. Axial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* of different bristle radial height pack of four brush seal structures

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图 14 不同降压孔直径刷丝束下游面的径向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 14. Radial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* along downstream surface of bristle pack with different pressure relief through hole diameters

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图 15 不同减压腔径向高度刷丝束下游面的径向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 15. Radial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* along downstream surface of bristle pack with different radial height of pressure relief chamber

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图 16 不同减压腔轴向深度刷丝束下游面的径向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 16. Radial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* along downstream surface of bristle pack with different axial depth of pressure relief chamber

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图 17 不同进出口压比刷丝束下游面的径向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 17. Radial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* along downstream surface of bristle pack with different inlet and outlet pressure ratios

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图 18 4种刷式密封结构刷丝束上/下端面的轴向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 18. Axial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* of top/bottom end faces of bristle pack of four brush seal structures

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图 19 不同降压孔直径的刷丝束上/下端面的轴向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 19. Axial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* of top/bottom end faces of bristle pack with different pressure relief through hole diameters

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图 20 不同减压腔径向高度的刷丝束上/下端面轴向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 20. Axial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* of top/bottom end faces of bristle pack with different radial height of pressure relief chamber

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图 21 不同减压腔轴向深度的刷丝束上/下端面的轴向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 21. Axial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* of top/bottom end faces of bristle pack with different axial depth of pressure relief chamber

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图 22 不同进出口压比的刷丝束上/下端面轴向无量纲压力系数p^*

Figure 22. Axial non-dimensional pressure coefficient p^* of top/bottom end faces of bristle pack with different inlet and outlet pressure ratios

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表 1 后挡板开孔刷式密封结构参数

Table 1. Strctural parameters of brush seal with through hole on backing plate mm

结构参数	数值
前挡板宽度w_f	1.20
后挡板宽度w_b	1.80
前挡板保护高度h_f	1.80
后挡板保护高度h_b	1.50
降压孔直径D_p	0.15～0.30
降压孔径向高度h_p	3.80～8.20
降压孔周向间距δ	2D_p
降压孔径向间距h_pr	2.50
减压腔径向高度h_c	1.00～2.50
减压腔轴向深度w_c	0.20～0.80
刷丝束轴向厚度w_s	1.20
刷丝束径向长度L	10.50

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表 2 边界条件

Table 2. Boundary conditions

参数	数值或说明
进口总压p_in/MPa	0.1～0.3
出口静压p_out/MPa	0.1
湍流模型	k-$ \omega $
流体介质	理想气体
壁面函数	可放缩壁面函数

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