Study on the mechanism of backward-facing step flow controlled by DBD plasma excitation
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摘要:
为探究介质阻挡放电（dielectric barrier discharge, DBD）等离子体控制外掠后台阶流场结构机理，通过数值模拟获得了DBD激励诱导流场结构与大尺度自由驻涡耦合流动过程，利用本征正交分解（proper orthogonal decomposition, POD）分析方法提取了耦合流场的主要含能模态分布特征，基于湍动能分布等流场特征信息探讨了流动结构特性及其相互作用，分析对比了不同激励参数下的流场结构发展演变过程。结果表明：非定常等离子体激励增强了剪切层的动量传输能力，使得回流区中的小尺度涡结构被抑制，分离区长度减小。通过POD模态分析，发现中频激励与低、高频激励实现流动控制的机理存在显著差异。低、高频激励下剪切层位置的往复摆动是等离子体激励作用下诱导流场的主要运动形式，而中频激励的作用则体现在对小尺度湍流脉动作用上。
Abstract:To probe for the structural mechanisms governing flow patterns over a backward-facing step controlled by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma, numerical simulations were employed to analyze the induced flow field structure coupled with large-scale, free-trapped vortices. The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method was utilized to extract the primary energetic modes within this coupled flow field. Leveraging this characteristic information, an investigation into the flow structure’s distinct features and interactions was conducted, along with a comparison of the developmental evolution of the flow field structure under varying excitation parameters. The results indicated that unsteady plasma excitation enhanced the momentum transfer capability of the shear layer, thereby suppressing the formation of small-scale vortex structures and reducing the length of the separation region. Through POD modal analysis, it revealed that there were significant disparities in the mechanism of flow control under different excitation frequencies. Specifically, under both low and high-frequency excitations, the predominant form of motion in the plasma-induced flow field involved a reciprocating motion of the shear layer. However, medium-frequency excitation exerted its influence primarily through small-scale turbulent pulsations.
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图 2 等离子体激励模型验证方案示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the DBD excitation model validation
图 3 CFD计算结果与实验结果对比
Figure 3. Comparison of the results between the CFD and the experiment
图 5 外掠后台阶流场几何尺度与激励参数示意图
Figure 5. Geometric scale and unsteady excitation parameters of outer-swept step flow field
图 7 后台阶流场流动状态与再附点位置对比
Figure 7. Comparison of flow state and position of reattachment point in flow field of rear step
图 8 台阶后不同位置的截面流向速度分布
Figure 8. Flow velocity distribution of cross section at different positions behind the step
图 9 一个流动周期内基准流场和激励流场的流场结构演变
Figure 9. Evolution of flow structure in a period of baseline flow field and excitation flow field
图 10 分离涡A核心区位置随流动周期的变化
Figure 10. Position of the core region of the separating vortex A varies with the flow period
图 11 分离涡A、B核心区涡量在流动周期内的变化
Figure 11. Variation of the vorticity position in the core regions of the separated vortices A and B with the flow period
图 12 不同激励频率下流场各阶POD模态含能和累计含能对比
Figure 12. Comparison of the energy content and cumulative energy content of each POD mode in the flow field with different excitation frequencies
图 13 无激励流场中各阶模态脉动速度矢量分布
Figure 13. Pulsating velocity vector distribution of each mode in non-excitation flow field
图 14 不同激励频率下低阶模态脉动速度对比
Figure 14. Comparison of pulsation velocities of low modes under different excitation conditions
图 15 不同激励频率下高阶模态脉动速度对比
Figure 15. Comparison of pulsation velocities of high modes under different excitation conditions
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