火山灰条件下TC4平板冲蚀磨损规律研究

杨晓军; 李沛燃; 刘弋铭; 柳笑寒

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230230

火山灰条件下TC4平板冲蚀磨损规律研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230230

1.
中国民航大学航空工程学院，天津 300300
2.
天津航天机电设备研究所，天津 300301

基金项目: 中国民航大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目（3122019187）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨晓军（1980-），男，教授、硕士生导师，博士，主要从事航空发动机流动与换热方面的研究。E-mail：xiaojunyoung@hotmail.com

通讯作者:
李沛燃（1999-），男，硕士生，主要从事航空发动机冲蚀磨损规律方面的研究。E-mail：2021012121@cauc.edu.cn

中图分类号: V252
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-09
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-28

Erosion wear law of TC4 plates under volcanic ash condition

1.
College of Aeronautical Engineering，Civil Aviation University of China，Tianjin 300300，China
2.
Tianjin Institute of Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Equipment，Tianjin 300301，China

摘要

摘要:
为了深入了解火山灰颗粒对TC4合金的冲蚀磨损规律，开展了火山灰颗粒不同速度、角度与浓度下的冲蚀磨损试验，基于试验数据拟合计算了适用于火山灰颗粒的E/CRC冲蚀模型参数，并建立数值仿真模型，验证了该冲蚀模型预测的准确性。结果表明：在控制单变量条件下，冲蚀率随火山灰颗粒运动速度增长而增大；随冲蚀角度增加先变大后减小，在30°左右达到最大冲蚀率；下料速率每分钟增加2 g，去除质量平均增加0.0123 g，而冲蚀率基本保持稳定。使用全新冲蚀模型仿真结果与试验结果比对较好，最大相对误差为9.475%，可以实现TC4合金受到火山灰颗粒冲蚀磨损的准确预测。
- TC4平板 /
- 火山灰 /
- 冲蚀率 /
- 颗粒速度 /
- 冲蚀角度 /
- 颗粒浓度
Abstract:
In order to understand the erosion and wear law of volcanic ash particles on TC4 alloy, erosion and wear tests were carried out at different speeds, angles and concentrations of volcanic ash particles, and the parameters of E/CRC erosion model for volcanic ash particles were calculated based on the test data. The results showed that under the controlled univariate conditions, the erosion rate increased with the growth of the velocity of volcanic ash particles; the erosion angle increased and then decreased, and the maximum erosion rate reached at about 30°; the removal mass increased by 0.0123 g on average with an increase of 2 g per minute in the feed rate, while the erosion rate was kept stable. The simulation results using the new erosion model were in good agreement with the experimental results, and the maximum relative error was 9.475%, which can achieve accurate prediction of the erosion wear of TC4 alloy by volcanic ash particles.
- TC4 plate /
- volcanic ash /
- erosion rate /
- particle velocity /
- erosion angle /
- particle concentration

HTML

图 1 气流喷砂式冲蚀试验平台

Figure 1. Air blast erosion test platform

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图 2 不同空气压力时颗粒速度与气流质量流量图

Figure 2. Particle velocity and air mass flow diagram at different air pressures

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图 3 颗粒粒径分布

Figure 3. Particle diameter distribution

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图 4 不同颗粒速度条件下拟合曲线与试验结果比较

Figure 4. Comparison of fitting curves and test results under different particle velocity conditions

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图 5 不同冲蚀角度下拟合结果与标准化冲蚀率比较

Figure 5. Comparison of fitting results and standardized erosion rate under different erosion angle

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图 6 数值仿真模型与边界条件设定示意图

Figure 6. Numerical simulation model and boundary condition setting schematic diagram

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图 7 不同冲蚀角度气流速度云图

Figure 7. Airflow velocity cloud chart at different erosion angles

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图 8 不同颗粒速度TC4合金试验、仿真和预测冲蚀率结果比较

Figure 8. Comparison of test, simulation and predicted erosion rate results of TC4 alloy with different particle velocities

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图 9 不同冲蚀角度TC4合金试验损伤宏观形貌图与仿真冲蚀损伤云图

Figure 9. Macroscopic image of the test damage of TC4 alloy at different erosion angles and the chart of the simulated erosion damage

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图 10 不同冲蚀角度TC4合金试验、仿真和预测冲蚀率结果比较

Figure 10. Comparison of test, simulation and predicted erosion rate results of TC4 alloy with different erosion angles

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图 11 不同下料速率TC4合金冲蚀率与去除质量

Figure 11. Erosion rate and removal quality of TC4 alloy at different feeding rates

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表 1 TC4平板的材料属性

Table 1. Material parameter of TC4 plate

参数	数值及说明
材料	TC4合金
密度ρ/（kg/m³）	4430
维氏硬度/GPa	3.491

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表 2 HESS火山灰材料参数

Table 2. Material parameters of HESS volcanic ash particles

参数	数值及说明
材料	HESS火山灰
密度ρ/（kg/m³）	690
莫氏硬度	6

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表 3 不同火山灰颗粒成分表

Table 3. Composition of different volcanic ash particles

成分	体积分数/%
成分	圣海伦斯火山灰^[15]	柴腾火山灰^[15]	HESS火山灰
SiO₂	68.6	77.1	76.2
Al₂O₃	17.1	13.1	13.5
FeO	2.83	1.12	1.1
CaO	3.58	1.27	0.8
MgO	0.82	0	0.05
K₂O	1.76	2.94	1.8
TiO₂	0.17	0.04	0.2
Na₂O	5.30	4.38	1.6

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表 4 试验条件设定

Table 4. Test condition setting

序号	冲蚀角/ （°）	颗粒速度/ （m/s）	颗粒流量/ （g/min）
1	15	160	8
2	30	160	8
3	45	160	8
4	60	160	8
5	75	160	8
6	90	160	8
7	90	101	8
8	90	115	8
9	90	131	8
10	90	148	8
11	90	160	6
12	90	160	4

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表 5 冲蚀角函数f （θ）参数

Table 5. Erosion angle function f （θ） parameters

参数	数值
A₁	7.5887
A₂	−9.9245
A₃	4.7553
A₄	−0.9764
A₅	0.1131

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表 6 不同网格数最大冲蚀速率

Table 6. Maximum erosion rate of different grid numbers

网格数/万	质量损失速率/ 10⁻² （kg/（m²·s））	变化率/%
97	1.026	28.36 0.455 0.151
225	1.317
303	1.323
436	1.325

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表 7 不同颗粒速度TC4合金试验、仿真和预测冲蚀率结果与相对误差

Table 7. Results and absolute error of test, simulation and prediction of erosion rate of TC4 alloy with different particle velocities

序号	冲蚀率/10⁻⁴			相对误差/%
序号	试验结果	仿真结果	E/CRC预测结果	仿真与试验	预测与试验
6	6.1708	6.3143	6.3018	2.325	2.122
7	2.4658	2.6994	2.4438	9.475	0.893
8	3.3275	3.6291	3.1927	9.065	4.051
9	4.5091	4.2559	4.1748	5.615	7.415
10	5.5066	5.4350	5.3672	1.301	2.532

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表 8 不同冲蚀角度TC4合金试验、仿真和预测冲蚀率结果与相对误差

Table 8. Results and absolute error of test, simulation and prediction of erosion rate of TC4 alloy at different erosion angles

序号	冲蚀率/10⁻⁴			相对误差/%
序号	试验结果	仿真结果	E/CRC预测结果	仿真与试验	预测与试验
1	8.5714	8.6272	8.6963	0.650	1.457
2	11.2633	11.3599	11.6980	0.857	3.859
3	11.1866	10.9013	11.3099	2.550	1.101
4	9.0616	8.8975	9.3560	1.810	3.248
5	7.1900	6.9146	7.2844	3.829	1.313

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