Experimental study on film cooling characteristics of U-shaped crater holes
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摘要:
利用压力敏感漆技术对平板上带深度及张角的U形凹坑孔进行实验研究，测量对比了圆孔与凹坑孔的绝热气膜冷却效率。结果表明：凹坑孔结构的冷却性能均优于圆孔结构，而带有张角的凹坑孔结构冷却性能优于深度凹坑孔结构。最优深度凹坑孔（坑深
d =0.5D ，吹风比M =2.0，D 为圆孔直径）平均气膜冷却效率相比于圆孔，在X /D <5（X 为主流方向的位置）区域提高了近800%，在5<X /D< 14区域提高了近700%；最优张角凹坑孔（张角α =30°，M =2.0）平均气膜冷却效率相比于张角为0°凹坑孔，在X /D <5区域提高了近180%，在5<X /D< 14区域提高了近170%。凹坑孔深度的增加，有利于气膜在壁面上的扩展；张角凹坑孔结构，有利于扩大冷却射流在展向及流向的覆盖范围。深度及张角对凹坑孔结构气膜冷却性能的提升幅度随吹风比增大而增大。Abstract:Experimental study of U-shaped crater holes with depth and expansion angle on a flat plate using pressure sensitive paint technique was conducted to measure and compare the adiabatic film cooling efficiency of cylindrical holes and crater holes. The results showed that the cooling performance of the cratered hole structure was better than that of the cylindrical hole structure, while the cooling performance of the cratered hole structure with expansion angle was better than that of the depth crater hole structure. The average film cooling efficiency of the optimal depth crater hole (crater depth
d =0.5D , blowing ratioM =2.0,D meant diameter of cylindrical hole) compared with the cylindrical was improved by nearly 800% in the region ofX /D <5 (X meant the position in mainstream direction) and nearly 700% in the region of 5<X /D <14; the average film cooling efficiency of the optimal expansion angle crater hole (expansion anglesα =30°,M =2.0) compared with the non-expansion crater hole was improved by nearly 180% in the region ofX /D <5 and nearly 170% in the region of 5<X /D <14. The increased depth of the crater hole facilitated the expansion of the coolant on the wall surface; the expansion angle crater hole structure facilitated the expansion of the cooling jet coverage in the spreading and flow direction. The magnitude of the enhancement of the crater depth and expansion angle on the film cooling performance of the crater hole structure increased with the increasing blowing ratio. -
图 4 本研究与以往研究圆孔平均气膜冷却效率对比
Figure 4. Comparison of averaged film cooling efficiency of a cylindrical hole for this study and previous studies
图 5 圆孔和不同深度凹坑孔冷却效率云图
Figure 5. Contour of film cooling efficiency of cylindrical hole and crater holes with different depths
图 6 不同吹风比下凹坑孔与圆孔平均气膜冷却效率
Figure 6. Averaged film cooling efficiency of crater holes and cylindrical hole at different blowing ratios
图 7 不同张角的凹坑孔结构
Figure 7. Structures of contoured crater hole with different expansion angles
图 8 不同张角的凹坑孔冷却效率云图
Figure 8. Contour of film cooling efficiency of crater holes with different expansion angles
图 9 不同吹风比下张角凹坑孔平均气膜冷却效率
Figure 9. Averaged film cooling efficiency of expansion crater holes at different blowing ratios
表 1 气膜冷却效率的测量不确定度
Table 1. Measurement uncertainty of film cooling effectiveness
η （Δη/η）/% 0.1 15.8 0.25 5.7 0.4 3.2 0.5 2.8 
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