基于反正切函数曲线渐变式孔型阻尼密封泄漏特性与动力特性

徐文峰; 鲁文昕; 孙丹; 赵欢; 任国哲; 王泽铭

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230320

基于反正切函数曲线渐变式孔型阻尼密封泄漏特性与动力特性

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230320

沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室，沈阳 110136

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52075346）；辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”资助项目（XLYC2007077）；中国航空发动机集团产学研合作项目（HFZL2021CXY012）

详细信息

作者简介:
徐文峰（1993—），男，讲师，博士，主要从事航空发动机热力学研究。E-mail：xuwf789@163.com

通讯作者:
孙丹（1981—），男，教授，博士，主要从事透平机械先进密封技术研究。E-mail：phd_sundan@163.com

中图分类号: V233.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-15
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-07

Leakage characteristics and dynamic characteristics of tapered hole-pattern damper seal based on arctangent function curve

Liaoning Key Lab of Advanced Test Technology for Aerospace Propulsion System，School of Aero-engine，Shenyang Aerospace University，Shenyang 110136，China

摘要

摘要:
为改善孔型阻尼密封泄漏特性，提高转子的稳定性，建立了基于反正切函数曲线渐变式孔型阻尼密封泄漏与动力特性求解模型，通过非定常数值方法研究了不同密封间隙、压比、转速和涡动频率对各间隙形式孔型密封泄漏特性与动力特性的影响，分析了不同间隙形式的泄漏特性与动力特性。结果表明：随着压比逐渐增加，不同形式孔型阻尼密封的泄漏量增加，其中，等间隙的泄漏量增幅最大，反正切函数曲线间隙的泄漏量次之。收敛曲线间隙的泄漏量最小，且较发散曲线间隙的泄漏量小2.31%。随着转速逐渐增加，不同形式孔型阻尼密封的泄漏量增加，其中，曲线间隙的泄漏量较锥形间隙的小，收敛曲线间隙的泄漏量最小，比锥形间隙的泄漏量小15.85%。在压比较大，涡动频率大于120 Hz时，收敛曲线间隙有较小的交叉刚度和较大的直接阻尼，转子系统具有较高的稳定性。在转速增加的情况下，收敛曲线间隙的有效刚度和有效阻尼最大，转子系统的稳定性较其他间隙形状的孔型阻尼密封的稳定性更强。
- 孔型阻尼密封 /
- 反正切函数 /
- 密封间隙 /
- 泄漏特性 /
- 动力特性
Abstract:
To improve the leakage characteristics of the hole damping seal and improve the stability of the rotor, based on the arctangent function curve, the leakage and dynamic characteristics solving model of hole damping seal was established. The unsteady numerical method was applied to study the effects of different seal clearances, pressure ratios, rotational speeds and whirling frequencies on the leakage and dynamic characteristics of each type of orifice damping seal, and analyze the leakage and dynamic characteristics of damping seals with different sealings. The results showed that the leakage of different forms of orifice damping seals increased with the increase of pressure ratio. The leakage of the equal clearance hole damping seal increased the most, followed by the leakage of the arctangent function curve clearance hole damping seal. The leakage of the convergent curve clearance was the smallest, and it was 2.31% smaller than that of the divergent clearance. The increase of rotating speed expanded the leakage of damping seals with different sealing clearance holes. The leakage of the curve clearance was smaller than that of the conical clearance damping seal. The leakage of the convergent clearance was the smallest. The leakage of the convergent clearance was 15.85% smaller than that of the conical clearance. Larger pressure ratio and whirl frequency greater than 120 Hz existed, then smaller cross stiffness, larger direct damping, and stronger stability of the rotor system can be found in the convergence curve clearance. As the rotational speed increased, the convergent clearance produced the largest effective stiffness and effective damping, and the rotor system had stronger stability.
- hole-pattern damper seal /
- arctangent function /
- sealing clearance /
- leakage characteristics /
- dynamic characteristics

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图 1 椭圆涡动模型

Figure 1. Elliptical whirling model

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图 2 曲线形间隙孔型阻尼密封示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of curved clearance hole type damping seal

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图 3 流体域网格划分

Figure 3. Fluid domain meshing

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图 4 泄漏量随网格变化趋势

Figure 4. Trend of leakage with grid

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图 5 动力特性求解方法校核

Figure 5. Calibration of dynamic characteristic solving method

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图 6 压比对泄漏特性的影响

Figure 6. Effect of pressure ratio on leakage characteristics

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图 7 转速对泄漏特性的影响

Figure 7. Effect of rotational speed on leakage characteristics

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图 8 子午面流线图

Figure 8. Meridian surface flow chart

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图 9 收敛曲线间隙整周压力分布图

Figure 9. Clearance integral circumferential pressure distribution of convergence curve

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图 10 不同间隙形状的中轴面压力分布图

Figure 10. Axial pressure distribution of different clearance shapes

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图 11 不同间隙的质量流量面平均压力

Figure 11. Average mass flow surface pressure for different clearances

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图 12 有效刚度和有效阻尼随频率变化

Figure 12. Effective stiffness and effective damping vary with frequency

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图 13 压比不同时有效刚度和有效阻尼随频率变化

Figure 13. Effective stiffness and effective damping change with frequency when the pressure ratio is different

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图 14 转速不同时有效刚度和有效阻尼随频率变化

Figure 14. Effective stiffness and effective damping change with frequency when the rotational speed is different

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表 1 孔型阻尼密封几何参数

Table 1. Bore type damping seal geometry parameters

参数	数值
密封长度/mm	85.7
转子直径/mm	114.34
密封间隙/mm	0.2，0.3，0.2～0.3（y=arctan x）
孔直径/mm	3.175
孔深度/mm	3.302
密封孔数/个	2 668

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表 2 边界条件

Table 2. Boundary conditions

参数	数值
转速/（r/min）	10000，15000，20200
入口总压/MPa	5，6，7
出口静压/MPa	3.15
入口温度/℃	17.4
涡动频率/Hz	40～320
湍流模型	标准k-$ \varepsilon $

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表 3 泄漏特性求解方法校核

Table 3. Calibration of leakage characteristics solution method

求解方式	泄漏量/（kg/s）	相对误差/%
文献[13]结果	0.410	0
本文结果	0.385	6.09

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表 4 不同间隙下的泄漏量

Table 4. Leakage under different clearances

间隙形状	泄漏量/（kg/s）
等间隙0.2 mm	0.3603
等间隙0.3 mm	0.6200
锥形发散间隙	0.5419
发散曲线	0.4668
收敛曲线	0.4560

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