Leakage characteristics and dynamic characteristics of tapered hole-pattern damper seal based on arctangent function curve
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摘要:
为改善孔型阻尼密封泄漏特性,提高转子的稳定性,建立了基于反正切函数曲线渐变式孔型阻尼密封泄漏与动力特性求解模型,通过非定常数值方法研究了不同密封间隙、压比、转速和涡动频率对各间隙形式孔型密封泄漏特性与动力特性的影响,分析了不同间隙形式的泄漏特性与动力特性。结果表明:随着压比逐渐增加,不同形式孔型阻尼密封的泄漏量增加,其中,等间隙的泄漏量增幅最大,反正切函数曲线间隙的泄漏量次之。收敛曲线间隙的泄漏量最小,且较发散曲线间隙的泄漏量小2.31%。随着转速逐渐增加,不同形式孔型阻尼密封的泄漏量增加,其中,曲线间隙的泄漏量较锥形间隙的小,收敛曲线间隙的泄漏量最小,比锥形间隙的泄漏量小15.85%。在压比较大,涡动频率大于120 Hz时,收敛曲线间隙有较小的交叉刚度和较大的直接阻尼,转子系统具有较高的稳定性。在转速增加的情况下,收敛曲线间隙的有效刚度和有效阻尼最大,转子系统的稳定性较其他间隙形状的孔型阻尼密封的稳定性更强。
Abstract:To improve the leakage characteristics of the hole damping seal and improve the stability of the rotor, based on the arctangent function curve, the leakage and dynamic characteristics solving model of hole damping seal was established. The unsteady numerical method was applied to study the effects of different seal clearances, pressure ratios, rotational speeds and whirling frequencies on the leakage and dynamic characteristics of each type of orifice damping seal, and analyze the leakage and dynamic characteristics of damping seals with different sealings. The results showed that the leakage of different forms of orifice damping seals increased with the increase of pressure ratio. The leakage of the equal clearance hole damping seal increased the most, followed by the leakage of the arctangent function curve clearance hole damping seal. The leakage of the convergent curve clearance was the smallest, and it was 2.31% smaller than that of the divergent clearance. The increase of rotating speed expanded the leakage of damping seals with different sealing clearance holes. The leakage of the curve clearance was smaller than that of the conical clearance damping seal. The leakage of the convergent clearance was the smallest. The leakage of the convergent clearance was 15.85% smaller than that of the conical clearance. Larger pressure ratio and whirl frequency greater than 120 Hz existed, then smaller cross stiffness, larger direct damping, and stronger stability of the rotor system can be found in the convergence curve clearance. As the rotational speed increased, the convergent clearance produced the largest effective stiffness and effective damping, and the rotor system had stronger stability.
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表 1 孔型阻尼密封几何参数
Table 1. Bore type damping seal geometry parameters
参数 数值 密封长度/mm 85.7 转子直径/mm 114.34 密封间隙/mm 0.2,0.3,0.2~0.3(y=arctan x) 孔直径/mm 3.175 孔深度/mm 3.302 密封孔数/个 2 668 表 2 边界条件
Table 2. Boundary conditions
参数 数值 转速/(r/min) 10000,15000,20200 入口总压/MPa 5,6,7 出口静压/MPa 3.15 入口温度/℃ 17.4 涡动频率/Hz 40~320 湍流模型 标准k-$ \varepsilon $ 表 3 泄漏特性求解方法校核
Table 3. Calibration of leakage characteristics solution method
求解方式 泄漏量/(kg/s) 相对误差/% 文献[13]结果 0.410 0 本文结果 0.385 6.09 表 4 不同间隙下的泄漏量
Table 4. Leakage under different clearances
间隙形状 泄漏量/(kg/s) 等间隙0.2 mm 0.3603 等间隙0.3 mm 0.6200 锥形发散间隙 0.5419 发散曲线 0.4668 收敛曲线 0.4560 -
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