TC4合金腐蚀缺陷的非线性表面波检测方法

苏贤金; 胡剑辉; 李少林; 齐红宇; 石多奇; 杨晓光

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230401

TC4合金腐蚀缺陷的非线性表面波检测方法

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230401

苏贤金¹,
胡剑辉¹,
李少林^{1, 2,*, ,},
齐红宇^{1, 2},
石多奇^{1, 2},
杨晓光^{1, 2}

1.
北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191
2.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机结构强度北京市重点实验室，北京 100191

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51975027）

详细信息

作者简介:
苏贤金（2001-），男，硕士生，主要从事发动机高温结构强度研究

通讯作者:
李少林（1983-），男，副教授、硕士生导师，博士，主要从事发动机高温结构强度研究。E-mail：lishaolin@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V267⁺.2；TG115.28
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-20
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-04

Nonlinear surface wave detection method of corrosion defects of TC4 alloy

SU Xianjin¹,
HU Jianhui¹,
LI Shaolin^{1, 2,*
, ,},
QI Hongyu^{1, 2},
SHI Duoqi^{1, 2},
YANG Xiaoguang^{1, 2}

1.
School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Aero-Engine Structure and Strength，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
针对航空发动机压气机叶片材料TC4合金的热腐蚀问题，提出了一种基于非线性表面波的无损检测方法。首先，通过数值模拟研究了不同缺陷尺寸的非线性超声表面波的传播行为，探讨了椭球缺陷尺寸与非线性系数之间的规律；然后，通过建立超声检测探头楔块模型，研究了楔块特征尺寸对表面波转化效率的影响；最后，设计并搭建了非线性超声检测系统，对数值结果进行了试验验证。结果表明：检测探头楔块的长度和角度会影响表面波的转化效率；通过数值仿真和试验验证，发现在相同深宽比下腐蚀缺陷尺寸与非线性系数呈负相关，说明可以用非线性超声系数表征材料的腐蚀损伤程度。
- 热腐蚀 /
- 点蚀坑 /
- TC4合金 /
- 表面波 /
- 非线性系数 /
- COMSOL /
- 楔块
Abstract:
Considering the issue of hot corrosion in the TC4 alloy compressor blades of aircraft engines, a non-destructive testing method based on nonlinear surface waves was proposed. Firstly, the propagation behavior of nonlinear ultrasonic surface waves with different sizes of pits was studied through numerical simulation, and the relationship between the sizes of elliptical-pitting and nonlinear coefficients was investigated. Subsequently, by establishing a model of the ultrasonic testing probe wedge block, the impact of wedge characteristic dimensions on the surface wave conversion efficiency was examined. Finally, a nonlinear ultrasonic testing system was designed and constructed to experimentally validate the numerical results. The findings indicated that the length and angle of the detection probe wedge block affected the surface wave conversion efficiency. Through numerical simulation and experimental validation, it was observed that, under the same depth-to-width ratio, the corrosion defect size and nonlinear coefficient exhibited a negative correlation, suggesting that the nonlinear ultrasonic coefficient can be used to characterize the extent of material corrosion damage.
- hot corrosion /
- pitting /
- TC4 alloy /
- surface waves /
- nonlinear coefficient /
- COMSOL /
- wedge

HTML

图 1 纵波在不同介质面上反射、折射示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of reflection and refraction of P-wave on different media surfaces

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图 2 有限元模型

Figure 2. Finite element model

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图 3 汉宁窗调制的正弦激励串

Figure 3. Sinusoidal excitation string signal of Hanning window modulation

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图 4 表面波时域响应信号

Figure 4. Surface wave response signal in time domain

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图 5 表面波频域响应信号

Figure 5. Surface wave response signal in frequency domain

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图 6 缺陷深度与相对非线性系数的关系

Figure 6. Relationship between defect depth and relative nonlinear coefficient

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图 7 缺陷宽度与相对非线性系数的关系

Figure 7. Relationship between defect width and relative nonlinear coefficient

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图 8 楔块模型示意图

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of wedge model

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图 9 楔块表面位移云图

Figure 9. Displacement cloud image of wedge surface

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图 10 楔块倾斜角度与接受信号幅值的关系

Figure 10. Relationship between wedge tilt angle and received signal amplitude

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图 11 楔块长度与接受信号幅值的关系

Figure 11. Relationship between wedge length and received signal amplitude

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图 12 试验操作平台

Figure 12. Test operating platform

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图 13 倍频幅值A₂与基频幅值平方$A_1^2 $之间的线性关系

Figure 13. Linear relationship between second harmonic amplitude A₂ and amplitude of the fundamental squared $A_1^2 $

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图 14 TC4试验件

Figure 14. TC4 specimen

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图 15 接受信号的时域波形图

Figure 15. Waveform diagram of received signal in time domain

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图 16 接受信号的频域波形图

Figure 16. Waveform diagram of received signal in frequency domain

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图 17 缺陷半径与相对非线性系数的数值与试验结果对比

Figure 17. Comparison of numerical and experimental results of relative nonlinear coefficients with different defect sizes

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表 1 模型材料属性（20 ℃）

Table 1. Model material properties （20 ℃）

材料弹性模量E/GPa 密度ρ/（kg/m³）泊松比μ

TC4钛合金 109 4440 0.34
TC4钛合金腐蚀层 40 4440 0.34
有机玻璃 3.2 1190 0.35

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表 2 试样规格

Table 2. Specimen size

缺陷直径d/μm 长度/mm 宽度/mm 厚度/mm

500 120 30 2
1000
1500

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