Numerical investigation of entropy generation behavior in convection heat transfer to supercritical pressure hydrocarbon fuel
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摘要:
为深入理解碳氢燃料主动冷却流动传热机理，针对内径2 mm竖直上升圆管内超临界压力RP-3的对流传热特性及熵产规律开展数值研究。获得了正常传热和传热恶化工况下沿流动方向不同截面位置处局部熵产的径向分布规律，以及壁面热流密度变化对Nusselt数和主流熵产的影响规律。结果表明：主流熵产和Nusselt数具有相反的变化趋势，Nusselt数升高对应流动传热不可逆性减小，熵产降低。沿流动方向，在入口段传热熵产逐渐取代耗散熵产成为熵产的主导机制。沿径向方向，层流熵产在黏性底层内起主导作用，在过渡层内湍流熵产逐渐取代层流熵产成为主要机制。传热恶化工况下，主流熵产在传热系数峰值位置达到极小值，发生传热恶化的截面内传热熵产与总熵产的比值超过0.99。
Abstract:To deeply understand the mechanisms of flow and heat transfer of hydrocarbon fuel for the active cooling applications, numerical investigation of convection heat transfer characteristics and entropy generation behaviors of supercritical pressure RP-3 in a vertical upward tube with inner diameter of 2 mm was carried out. The radial distributions of local entropy generation at different cross-sections along the flow direction under both normal and deteriorated heat transfer modes were obtained. The effects of wall heat flux on Nusselt number and bulk entropy generation were studied. The results indicated that the bulk entropy generation and Nusselt number had opposite trends. The increase of Nusselt number corresponded to lower irreversibility and decreased entropy generation. Along the flow direction, the dissipation entropy generation was gradually replaced by heat transfer entropy generation as the dominant mechanism in the inlet section. Along the radial direction, the laminar entropy generation played a dominant role in the viscous sublayer, and the turbulent entropy generation became the dominant mechanism in the buffer layer. Under the deteriorated heat transfer regime, the bulk entropy generation reached a minimum as the heat transfer coefficient peaked. In the section where heat transfer deterioration occurred, the ratio of heat transfer entropy generation to total entropy generation exceeded 0.99.
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图 5 预测总熵产与解析解和数值解对比
Figure 5. Comparison of predicted total entropy generation with analytical solution and numerical result
图 6 不同热流密度下Nusselt数随主流焓值变化
Figure 6. Variation of Nusselt number with bulk fluid enthalpy at different wall heat fluxes
图 7 不同热流密度下主流熵产随主流焓值变化
Figure 7. Variation of bulk entropy generation with bulk fluid enthalpy at different wall heat fluxes
图 8 不同截面位置径向熵产分布（工况1）
Figure 8. Radial distributions of entropy generation at various cross-sections （Case 1）
图 9 不同截面位置径向耗散熵产分布（工况1）
Figure 9. Radial distributions of dissipation entropy generation at various cross-sections （Case 1）
图 10 不同截面位置径向Sgenh/Sgen分布（工况1）
Figure 10. Radial distributions of Sgenh/Sgen at various cross-sections （Case 1）
图 11 入口区域Sgenh/Sgen分布云图（工况1）
Figure 11. Contour of Sgenh/Sgen in entrance region （Case 1）
图 12 不同截面位置径向Sgen,t/Sgen分布（工况1）
Figure 12. Radial distributions of Sgen,t/Sgen at various cross-sections （Case 1）
图 13 传热系数与主流熵产随主流焓值变化（工况5）
Figure 13. Variations of heat transfer coefficient and bulk entropy generation with bulk fluid enthalpy （Case 5）
图 14 不同截面位置径向熵产分布（工况5）
Figure 14. Radial distributions of entropy generation at various cross-sections （Case 5）
图 15 不同截面位置径向耗散熵产分布（工况5）
Figure 15. Radial distributions of dissipation entropy generation at various cross-sections （Case 5）
图 16 不同截面位置径向Sgenh/Sgen分布（工况5）
Figure 16. Radial distributions of Sgenh/Sgen at various cross-sections （Case 5）
图 17 计算域熵产分布云图（工况5）
Figure 17. Contour of entropy generation in computational domain （Case 5）
图 18 不同截面位置径向Sgen,t/Sgen分布（工况5）
Figure 18. Radial distributions of Sgen,t/Sgen at various cross-sections （Case 5）
表 1 数值计算参数
Table 1. Operating parameters of numerical simulations
工况 qw/（kW/m2） G/（kg/（m2·s）） p/MPa Tin/K Case 1 84 541.13 3 400 Case 2 125 541.13 3 400 Case 3 177 541.13 3 400 Case 4 239 541.13 3 400 Case 5 283 541.13 3 400 Case 6 313 541.13 3 400 
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