基于小波变换的间歇性旋转不稳定性实验

杨帆; 吴艳辉; 钱坤; 李波

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230576

基于小波变换的间歇性旋转不稳定性实验

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230576

杨帆^{1, 3,},
吴艳辉^{1, 2,*, ,},
钱坤¹,
李波⁴

1.
西北工业大学动力与能源学院，西安 710129
2.
西北工业大学陕西省航空发动机内流动力学重点实验室，西安 710129
3.
都柏林圣三一学院科学、技术、工程与数学学院，都柏林 2
4.
中国航发沈阳发动机研究所，沈阳 110015

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52176045）；国家科技重大专项（J2019-Ⅰ-0011-0011）；中国国家留学基金委（CSC202106290084）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨帆（1995-），男，博士生，主要从事叶轮机械气动热力学研究

通讯作者:
吴艳辉（1991-），女，教授、博士生导师，博士，研究方向为叶轮机械气动热力学。E-mail：wyh@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-08
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-29

Experiment on intermittent rotating instability based on wavelet transform analysis

YANG Fan^{1, 3
,},
WU Yanhui^{1, 2,*
, ,},
QIAN Kun¹,
LI Bo⁴

1.
School of Power and Energy，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710129，China
2.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Internal Aerodynamics in Aero-Engine，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710129，China
3.
Faculty of Science，Technology，Engineering and Mathematics，Trinity College Dublin，The University of Dublin，Dublin 2，Ireland
4.
Shenyang Engine Research Institute，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shenyang 110015，China

摘要

摘要:
以一亚声速轴流压气机孤立转子实验台为研究对象，对其叶顶动态压力展开了测量，以探究旋转不稳定性（RI）的时频特征及物理本质。通过功率谱估计，对RI的空间分布和频率特征进行了研究，发现RI的频率特征和空间分布不随叶顶间隙、转速和流量而变化。使用小波变换对RI的时频特征进行了研究，发现RI在时间上并不连续。叶顶间隙的增大会提高RI的发生频率。使用人工模拟信号对RI的时频特征做了模拟，验证了RI只会出现在特定叶片上的假设。叶顶压力分布测量结果显示RI的物理本质是泄漏涡破碎后形成的载荷高低交错的两通道流动结构。
- 旋转不稳定性 /
- 功率谱估计 /
- 小波变换 /
- 非定常流动 /
- 泄漏涡
Abstract:
A subsonic axial compressor isolated rotor test rig was taken as the research object to explore the time-frequency characteristics and physical nature of rotational instability (RI) through measurement of unsteady pressure at the blade tip region. Using the power spectrum estimation, the spatial distribution and frequency characteristics of RI were studied, indicating that the frequency characteristics and spatial distribution of RI did not change with the blade tip clearance size, rotating speed and mass flow rate. Using wavelet transform to study the time-frequency characteristics of RI, it was found that RI was not continuous in time. The increase of blade tip clearance would increase the occurrence frequency of RI. The time-frequency characteristics of RI were simulated by artificial signals, and the hypothesis that RI would only appear on specific blades was verified. The pressure field on the tip of the blade showed that the physical nature of RI was represented by a two-channel flow structure with alternating high and low loading formed by the tip leakage vortex breakdown.
- rotating instability /
- power spectrum estimation /
- wavelet transform /
- unsteady flow /
- tip leakage vortex

HTML

图 1 实验台子午面示意图

Figure 1. Cross section diagram of the test rig

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图 2 动态压力探针位置示意图

Figure 2. Diagram of the location of the dynamic pressure transducer

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图 3 特性线

Figure 3. Characteristic lines

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图 4 在不同叶顶间隙和不同转速下近失速点机匣端壁频谱分布

Figure 4. Spectrum distribution at blade tip casing wall with various tip clearances and various rotating speed at near stall conditions

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图 5 0.9 mm叶顶间隙和10765 r/min转速下P4探针所采集信号的频谱分布在节流过程中的演化

Figure 5. Revolution of spectrum distribution of the pressure signal obtained by P4 sensor during the throttling at0.9 mm clearance size and 10765 r/min rotating speed

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图 6 在不同叶顶间隙和10765 r/min转速下P4探针所采集压力信号小波时频图

Figure 6. Time-frequency map of the pressure signal obtained by P4 sensor at 10765 r/min rotating speed with various tip clearance size

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图 7 人工信号 No.1的时域图、FFT与小波变化结果（A=0.3, B=0.1）

Figure 7. Time-domain，FFT result and wavelet transform result of artificial signal No.1 （A=0.3, B=0.1）

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图 8 人工信号 No.2的时域图、FFT与小波变化结果（A=0.7, B=0.2）

Figure 8. Time-domain，FFT result and wavelet transform result of artificial signal No.2 （A=0.7, B=0.2）

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图 9 人工信号No.3的时域图、FFT与小波变化结果

Figure 9. Time-domain，FFT result and wavelet transform result of artificial signal No.3

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图 10 叶顶间隙为0.9 mm，转速为10765 r/min，大流量工况和近失速工况叶顶压力等值线图

Figure 10. Contours of pressure in the tip region at large mass flow point and near-stall point with 0.9 mm clearance size and 10765 r/min rotating speed

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图 11 叶顶区域涡系结构与压力分布^[24]

Figure 11. Vortex structure and pressure distribution in the tip region^[24]

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图 12 泄漏涡螺旋式破碎及其形成的反流涡^[25]

Figure 12. Spiral type breakdown of tip leakage vortex and the back flow vortex formed by the breakdown^[25]

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表 1 转子叶片主要设计参数

Table 1. Main design specifications of the rotor blade

参数	叶根	叶中	叶顶
半径/mm	91	120	149
弦长/mm	30	30	30
弯角/（°）	53.1	41.2	30.7
安装角/（°）	59.8	48.5	37.2
几何进口角/（°）	29.8	25.1	21.1
几何出口角/（°）	82.9	66.3	51.9

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表 2 实验中转速与叶顶间隙设置

Table 2. Rotating speed and clearance size in experiment

序号	叶顶间隙/mm	转速/（r/min）
1	0.3	8130
2	0.3	10765
3	0.5	8130
4	0.5	10765
5	0.7	8130
6	0.7	10765
7	0.9	8130
8	0.9	10765

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表 3 人工信号No.3中各叶片通道RI激活率

Table 3. RI activation rate of each blade passage in artificial signal No.3

序号	B	序号	B	序号	B
1	0.7859	11	0.2257	21	0
2	0	12	0	22	0
3	0	13	0.4812	23	0
4	0	14	0	24	0
5	0	15	0.4012	25	0
6	0	16	0.9754	26	0
7	0	17	0	27	0
8	0.5757	18	0	28	0.5417
9	0.6955	19	0	29	0
10	0	20	0	30	0

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