Research on peeling propagation characteristics of outer ring of ball bearings based on wear particles analysis
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摘要:
为研究航空发动机球轴承外圈的剥落扩展特性，首先利用外圈含预制缺陷的球轴承开展零部件实验，再选取外圈存在剥落缺陷的球轴承在发动机上开展剥落扩展研究。综合利用滑油光谱、便携式铁谱、分析式铁谱及能谱分析技术对发动机滑油中的磨粒进行分析。结果表明：球轴承外圈的剥落扩展是渐进性的；表面存在沿长轴方向划痕的疲劳磨粒数量及比例随外圈的剥落发展而不断增加；磨粒总量及尺寸在剥落发展期出现明显增长，在快速扩展期急剧增加。结论：外圈的剥落首先出现在距凹坑一定距离的后方位置，沿滚珠的滚动方向扩展；剥落扩展分为4个阶段：裂纹萌生、裂纹扩展、裂纹贯穿及剥落扩展。
Abstract:To study the peeling propagation characteristics of outer ring of aero-engine ball bearings, two experiments were carried out. The former was component experiment, which employed outer rings with prefabricated defects, the latter was aero-engine experiment, which adopted those with peeling defects. Atomic emission spectroscopy, portable ferrography, analytical ferrography and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis were conducted to analyze the wear particles in lubricating oil. The results showed that the peeling of the outer ring was progressive. The fatigue wear particles, with scratches along major dimension, continuously increased in quantity and proportion with the peeling. The total amount and size of abrasive particles showed an obvious increase during the peeling development, and also a sharp increase during the rapid propagation. In short, the peeling first appeared at a certain distance behind pits, and then extended along the rolling direction of balls, which can be divided into four stages: cracks initiation, propagation, coalescing, and peeling propagation.
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Key words:
- ball bearings /
- peeling of outer ring /
- wear particles /
- prefabricated defects /
- cracks
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表 1 滑油中主要金属元素质量分数
Table 1. Main metal element mass fraction in lubricating oil
元素 质量分数10−6 Fe 143.75 Ti 57.49 Al 8.83 Cr 10.86 Cu 4.86 Ag 10.56 
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表 2 0.5 h能谱分析结果
Table 2. Energy spectrum analysis results at 0.5 h
磨粒 质量分数/% Fe Cr Ni Mo Ti V 1 余 4.0 4.3 0.9 2 余 3.9 4.2 1.0
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表 3 10.5 h能谱分析结果
Table 3. Energy spectrum analysis results at 10.5 h
磨粒 质量分数/% Fe Cr Mo V Ag 1 余 4.1 4.3 0.9 2 余 4.5 4.0 0.8 3 余 3.9 4.4 1.1 4 余 4.4 4.2 0.7 2.5 5 1.8 余
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