Free vibration test of damping characteristics for model blade with underplatform damper
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摘要:
设计了一种自由衰减振动试验，通过对叶片模拟件施加一阶弯曲振动方向载荷并释放后激发其一阶自由振动，对其关键位置应变及加速度时域信号进行测试分析，一次试验即可获得较大振动应力范围内的临界阻尼比特性曲线。试验结果显示：阻尼器的特性曲线与仿真计算结果吻合较好；峰值阻尼比与阻尼器的惯性载荷无关；接触面积不同的阻尼器提供的阻尼比大致相同；阻尼效果与伸根段长度呈正相关。
Abstract:An experimental system based on damped free vibrations was developed. By applying loads to the blade model to induce a first-order bending mode, followed by releasing the load to create first-order bending vibrations, a comprehensive damping ratio characteristic curve could be acquired from a single test. This was achieved by monitoring and analyzing the time-domain signals of strains and accelerations at crucial positions. Experimental findings showed that the damping ratio curves obtained through experiments aligned closely with those generated through numerical simulations. Furthermore, the maximum damping ratio was kept constant despite of variations in the damper’s inertial load. Additionally, dampers with different contact areas had similar critical damping ratios. However, the damping effect was found to be positively correlated with the length of the shank.
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Key words:
- blade /
- underplatform damper /
- dry friction /
- damped free vibration /
- damping ratio
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图 6 阻尼比特性曲线仿真结果（斜接触面安装阻尼器）
Figure 6. Damping ratio characteristic curve simulation results （damper installed on incline contact surface）
图 8 未安装缘板阻尼器时自由衰减阻尼比特性曲线
Figure 8. Damping characteristic curve of free vibration without underplatform damper
图 9 叶片试验件阻尼特性（斜接触面安装缘板阻尼器，惯性载荷为120 N）
Figure 9. Damping characteristics of blade test piece （damper installed on incline contact surface, inertial load 120 N）
图 10 叶片试验件阻尼特性（斜接触面安装缘板阻尼器，不同惯性载荷）
Figure 10. Damping characteristics of blade test piece （damper installed on incline contact surface, different inertial loads）
图 11 叶片试验件阻尼特性（直接触面安装缘板阻尼器，不同惯性载荷）
Figure 11. Damping characteristics of blade test piece （damper installed on vertical contact surface, different inertial loads）
图 12 叶片试验件阻尼特性（不同阻尼器试验件）
Figure 12. Damping characteristics of blade test pieces （different damper test pieces）
表 1 缘板阻尼器减振参数
Table 1. Vibration reduction parameters of underplatform damper
参数 数值 斜接触面径向模态位移$ {A_{{\text{x,r}}}} $/mm 116 斜接触面周向模态位移$ {A_{{{{\mathrm{x}},{\text{θ}} }}}} $/mm 97 直接触面径向模态位移$ {A_{{\text{z,r}}}} $/mm −116 直接触面周向模态位移$ {A_{{{{\mathrm{z}},{\text{θ}}}}}} $/mm 103 考查点模态等效应力${\sigma _{{\text{ref}}}}$/105 MPa 4.58 模态动能$ {W_{{\text{ref}}}} $/106 J 2.14 摩擦因数$\mu $ 0.3 切向接触刚度$ {K_{\text{d}}}/{\text{（N/mm）}} $ 30000 
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表 2 缘板阻尼器试验件斜接触区尺寸
Table 2. Dimension of inclined contact area of underplatform damper test pieces
mm 试验件序号 斜接触区长度 斜接触区宽度 1 33 16 2 22 16 3 11 16
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表 3 试验件的叶片伸根段长度
Table 3. Length of blade root extending section of test pieces
mm 试验件序号 伸根沿叶高方向长度 1 28 2 38 3 48
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