Performance analysis of centrifugal compressor based on time-marching one-dimensional method
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摘要:
一维分析模型在离心压气机设计研发中占据重要地位。基于时间推进求解方法，发展了离心压气机一维性能分析模型，并开发了相应计算程序。为实现性能准确预测，以体积力源项形式在一维流动控制方程中引入了无黏叶片力模型和黏性力模型，分别用以模拟叶轮对气流的偏转做功和黏性损失效应。利用该程序分别对一低速和一高速离心压气机展开特性分析，并将预测值与相关实验数据或三维数值仿真进行了对比验证。结果表明：所发展一维模型能快速准确评估离心压气机特性，并获得包括叶轮在内的压气机通道内部流动参数分布，初步具备自然模拟压气机堵塞工况的能力，在离心压气机初始设计阶段性能评估中具备较好的应用潜力。
Abstract:The one-dimensional method plays an important role in the design and development of centrifugal compressor. A one-dimensional analysis model of centrifugal compressor and corresponding computational program were developed based on the time-marching solving method. To achieve the accurate performance prediction, an inviscid blade force model and a viscous force model were introduced into the one-dimensional governing equations as body-force source terms, to simulate the flow deflection inside the impeller and the viscous effects, respectively. Then, the program was used to analyze both the characteristics of a large-scale centrifugal compressor with low-speed and a high-speed centrifugal compressor, and the predicted results were compared and verified with relevant experimental data or three-dimensional numerical simulations. The results indicated that the model can quickly and accurately evaluate the centrifugal compressors’ performances and the flow parameters distributions inside the impeller passage, which also showed its initial ability to naturally simulate choke condition and its good potential for application in centrifugal compressor performance evaluation during a preliminary design stage.
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Key words:
- centrifugal compressor /
- time-marching /
- one-dimensional model /
- body-force /
- performance analysis
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图 1 叶轮机一维流动控制微元示意图
Figure 1. Schematic of control element in one-dimensional turbomachinery flow
图 2 叶片前、尾缘流线修正示意图
Figure 2. Schematic of streamline correction at blade leading and trailing edges
图 4 LSCC压气机设计点计算收敛史
Figure 4. Convergence history for LSCC computation at design point
图 5 LSCC压气机设计转速总体特性对比
Figure 5. Performance characteristic comparison for LSCC at design rotating speed
图 6 LSCC压气机流动参数子午分布对比
Figure 6. Comparison of flow parameters distribution along meridional direction for LSCC
图 8 HPCC压气机设计点计算收敛史
Figure 8. Convergence history for HPCC computation at design point
图 10 HPCC压气机流动参数子午分布对比
Figure 10. Comparison of flow parameters distribution along meridional direction for HPCC
表 1 离心压气机一维计算经验模型
Table 1. Empirical models used in the centrifugal compressor 1D computation
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表 2 LSCC压气机主要设计参数
Table 2. Primary design parameters for LSCC
主要参数 数值 流量/（kg/s） 30 转速/（r/min） 1862 总压比 1.166 绝热效率 0.922 叶轮进口直径/mm 870 叶轮出口半径/mm 1524
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表 3 HPCC压气机主要设计参数
Table 3. Primary design parameters for HPCC
主要参数 数值 流量/（kg/s） 4.39 转速/（r/min） 21789 总压比 4 主叶片数 15 分流叶片数 15 叶轮出口半径/mm 431
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