基于可见光波段的涡轮叶片多光谱辐射测温方法

陈喜越; 雷庆春; 赵飞; 范玮

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240287

基于可见光波段的涡轮叶片多光谱辐射测温方法

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240287

陈喜越^1,,
雷庆春^1,*, ,,
赵飞²,
范玮¹

1.
西北工业大学动力与能源学院，西安 710072
2.
中国航发沈阳发动机研究所，沈阳 110015

基金项目: 航空发动机及燃气轮机基础科学中心项目（P2023-B-Ⅱ-002-001）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈喜越（1998-），男，硕士生，研究领域为多光谱辐射测温。E-mail：chenxiyue@mail.nwpu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
雷庆春（1988-），男，副教授，博士，研究领域为航空发动机光学测试技术。E-mail：lqc@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-07
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-29

Temperature measurement of turbine blade based on visible multispectral radiation

CHEN Xiyue^1
,,
LEI Qingchun^{1,*
, ,},
ZHAO Fei²,
FAN Wei¹

1.
School of Power and Energy，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710072，China
2.
Shenyang Engine Research Institute，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shenyang 110015，China

摘要

摘要:
为克服传统红外辐射方法对航空发动机涡轮叶片进行测温时，可能遇到的叶片表面发射率变化与周围高温气体辐射带来的测量不确定性问题，研究发展了一种基于可见光波段的多光谱辐射测温方法。该方法根据辐射方程建立被测对象的多目标约束优化模型，采用混合罚函数法同时求解被测对象的温度和光谱发射率，对高温气体在可见光波段的辐射进行计算评估，从而避免了被测对象光谱发射率模型不准确及高温气体辐射干扰的问题。通过开展实验对该方法的准确性进行验证，实验中，采用丁烷火焰喷枪对镍及镍基高温合金样品进行加热，样品温度范围为1000～1200 K，同时利用预混甲烷-空气平面火焰炉提供高温燃气环境，燃气温度范围为1400～1580 K，通过多光谱辐射和热电偶同时测量样品表面的温度，多组对比实验表明，该方法与热电偶测量结果的相对误差在1.74%以内。
- 涡轮叶片 /
- 可见光 /
- 多光谱辐射测温 /
- 多目标优化 /
- 混合罚函数
Abstract:
To reduce the measurement uncertainties resulted from the emissivity variation of blade surfaces and radiation from surrounding high-temperature gases when using traditional infrared radiation methods to measure the temperature of turbine blades in aircraft engines, a multispectral temperature measurement method based on the visible radiation was developed based on a multi-objective constrained optimization model. A hybrid penalty function approach was used to simultaneously calculate the temperature and spectral emissivity of the measured object. Meanwhile, the visible radiation of high-temperature gases was evaluated. These efforts were performed to reduce the error induced by the inaccuracy of the spectral emissivity model and the interference from radiation of high-temperature gases. Experiments were performed to validate the proposed method. In the experiments, nickel and nickel-based high-temperature alloy samples were heated using a butane flame gun within a temperature range of 1000 K to 1200 K. Additionally, a premixed methane-air planar flame furnace was utilized to provide a high-temperature gas environment with gas temperatures ranging from 1400 K to 1580 K. The surface temperature of the samples was simultaneously measured using multispectral radiation method and thermocouples. The comparison experiments showed that the relative error between the method and the thermocouple measurement was below 1.74%.
- turbine blade /
- visible radiation /
- multispectral radiometric thermometry /
- multi-objective optimization /
- mixed penalty function

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图 1 H₂O的计算线强

Figure 1. Calculated line intensities of H₂O

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图 2 CO₂的计算线强

Figure 2. Calculated line intensities of CO₂

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图 3 气体的吸收率

Figure 3. Absorptivity of the gas

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图 4 实验装置

Figure 4. Experimental setup

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图 5 光纤瞄准

Figure 5. Fiber optic sighting

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图 6 光谱检测系统的响应曲线

Figure 6. Response curve of the spectral detection system

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图 7 光谱检测系统的响应函数

Figure 7. Response function of spectral detection system

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图 8 校正后的黑体辐射强度曲线

Figure 8. Corrected blackbody radiant intensity curve

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图 9 测温点布置

Figure 9. Temperature measuring point arrangement

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图 10 加热过程温度随时间变化曲线

Figure 10. Temperature evolution with time in heating process

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图 11 合金样品的光谱发射率

Figure 11. Spectral emissivity of alloy sample

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表 1 热电偶性能数据

Table 1. Thermocouple performance data

测量范围/K	测量精度	热响应时间/s
−50～1400	1.5 K或0.1%	1

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表 2 高速数据采集记录仪的主要性能数据

Table 2. Main performance data of the high-speed data logger

采样时间	热电偶种类	测量温度范围/K	测量精度/%
最高1 ms	K、J、E、T、R、 S、B、N	（0,1643]	±0.5

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表 3 光谱仪参数

Table 3. Spectrometer parameters

波长范围/nm	光学分辨率/nm	积分时间/ms	像素数	狭缝/µm
200～1025	1.69	150～600	3648	25

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表 4 光谱仪的积分时间

Table 4. Integration time of the spectrometer

合金样品	测温点	积分时间/ms
DD6	1	150
DD6	2	300
DZ25	1	150
DZ25	2	400
GH3030	1	200
GH3030	2	400
Ni	1	300
Ni	2	600

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表 5 合金样品的亮度温度

Table 5. Brightness temperature of alloy sample K

合金样品	测温点	波长/nm
合金样品	测温点	630	645	660	675	690	705	720	735
DD6	1	1114.7	1112.6	1109.1	1106.8	1105.1	1102.3	1099.5	1096.6
DD6	2	1066.4	1064.6	1061.4	1059.2	1057.7	1055.1	1052.6	1050.0
DZ125	1	1118.8	1116.1	1112.3	1109.4	1107.3	1104.0	1100.8	1097.7
DZ125	2	1046.4	1044.4	1041.0	1038.5	1036.6	1033.9	1031.1	1028.2
GH3030	1	1080.4	1078.0	1074.4	1071.8	1069.9	1066.8	1063.9	1060.9
GH3030	2	1017.5	1015.7	1012.3	1010.1	1008.4	1005.9	1003.4	1000.8
Ni	1	1058.2	1056.4	1053.5	1051.5	1050.2	1048.1	1045.9	1043.6
Ni	2	996.9	996.0	993.1	991.6	990.3	988.5	986.6	984.72

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表 6 合金样品的反演温度和相对误差

Table 6. Inversion temperature and relative error of alloy samples

合金样品	测温点	反演温度/K	测量温度/K	相对误差/%
DD6	1	1176.5	1171	0.47
DD6	2	1123.0	1120	0.27
DZ125	1	1179.5	1197	−1.46
DZ125	2	1099.9	1113	−1.18
GH3030	1	1137.2	1119	1.63
GH3030	2	1068.3	1052	1.55
Ni	1	1114.3	1134	−1.74
Ni	2	1051.2	1062	−1.02

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