环槽双钟型喷管流动与推力特性

王勇; 额日其太; 孔博

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240288

环槽双钟型喷管流动与推力特性

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240288

北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191

详细信息

作者简介:
王勇（1995-），男，博士生，主要从事发动机先进排气系统设计研究。E-mail：wangyong999@buaa.edu.cn

通讯作者:
孔博（1990-），男，讲师，博士，主要从事发动机先进排气系统隐身及设计研究。E-mail：kong_bo1226@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V434
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-07
- 网络出版日期: 2025-10-16

Flow and thrust characteristics of annular slot dual-bell nozzle

School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
针对双钟型喷管的抽吸阻力以及过早模态转换等推力损失问题，开展了在喷管型面转折点处增设引射通道的环槽双钟型喷管设计。利用数值模拟方法对逆压梯度扩展段的双钟型喷管与环槽双钟型喷管的流动与推力特性进行了研究。研究结果表明：环槽双钟型喷管能够有效提高双钟型喷管在低压比条件下的推力性能与其模态转换压比。主流与引射气流间的剪切层动量传递作用是提高环槽双钟型喷管推力的重要原因，在环槽双钟型喷管中同样存在喷管潜行过渡过程。与双钟型喷管相比在海平面状态其推力系数提高了2.9%，在模态转换状态提高了10.4%，在高空模态受到环槽结构影响降低了0.2%。与基础喷管相比，在0～30 km高度范围内环槽双钟型喷管的高度平均比冲增加了1.7%。
- 双钟型喷管 /
- 潜行过渡 /
- 模态转换 /
- 过膨胀 /
- 引射气流
Abstract:
In view of the aspiration drag of dual-bell nozzles and the thrust loss problem such as premature mode transition, an annular slot dual-bell nozzle with an ejection annular slot added at the nozzle inflection point was designed. The flow and thrust characteristics of a dual-bell nozzle with an extension nozzle of positive pressure gradient and a dual-bell nozzle with an annular slot were investigated using numerical simulation methods. The results showed that the annular slot dual-bell nozzle can effectively improve the thrust performance of the dual-bell nozzle under low nozzle pressure ratio conditions and its mode transition pressure ratio. The shear layer momentum transport between the mainstream and the ejected airflow acted as an important reason for increasing the thrust of the annular slot dual-bell nozzle, and the sneak transition also existed in the annular slot dual-bell nozzle. Compared with the dual-bell nozzle, the thrust coefficient increased by 2.9% in the sea level mode, increased by 10.4% in the mode transition process, and reduced by 0.2% in the altitude mode influenced by the annular slot structure. Compared with the base nozzle, the altitude average specific impulse of the annular slot dual-bell nozzle increased by 1.7% within the 0—30 km altitude range.
- dual-bell nozzle /
- sneak transition /
- modes transition /
- over-expanded /
- ejection flow

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图 1 双钟型喷管示意图

Figure 1. Schematic design of dual-bell nozzle

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图 2 PPE-DBN型面

Figure 2. Contour of PPE-DBN

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图 3 Slot-DBN型面

Figure 3. Contour of Slot-DBN

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图 4 双钟型喷管计算域及对应边界条件

Figure 4. Computational domain and boundary condition of dual-bell nozzle

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图 5 不同网格数下双钟型喷管出口压力分布（NPR为1700）

Figure 5. Exit pressure distribution of dual-bell nozzle for different grid numbers （NPR of 1700）

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图 6 双钟型喷管壁面压力实验验证结果

Figure 6. Validation of wall pressure with experimental results of dual-bell nozzle

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图 7 双钟型喷管流动分离点位置实验验证结果

Figure 7. Validation of flow separation point location with experimental results of dual-bell nozzle

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图 8 引射喷管壁面压力实验验证结果

Figure 8. Validation of nozzle wall pressure with experimental results

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图 9 PPE-DBN壁面压力分布

Figure 9. Wall pressure distribution of PPE-DBN

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图 10 PPE-DBN典型NPR下的马赫数云图

Figure 10. Mach number contours of PPE-DBN under different NPR

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图 11 低压比条件下PPE-DBN的推力系数及流动分离位置

Figure 11. Thrust coefficient and flow separation position of PPE-DBN under low nozzle pressure ratio conditions

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图 12 Slot-DBN在NPR为85条件下的马赫数云图

Figure 12. Mach number contour of Slot-DBN at NPR of 85

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图 13 Slot-DBN典型流线上马赫数、静压和总压分布（NPR为85）

Figure 13. Mach number, static pressure and total pressure distributions on Slot-DBN typical streamlines （NPR of 85）

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图 14 Slot-DBN在潜行过渡压比条件下的马赫数云图

Figure 14. Mach number contours of Slot-DBN under sneak transition nozzle pressure ratio conditions

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图 15 Slot-DBN在NPR为300条件下的马赫数云图

Figure 15. Mach number contour of Slot-DBN at NPR of 300

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图 16 Slot-DBN典型流线上马赫数、静压和总压分布（NPR为300）

Figure 16. Mach number, static pressure and total pressure distributions on Slot-DBN typical streamlines （NPR of 300）

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图 17 Slot-DBN在NPR为1700条件下的马赫数及密度梯度云图

Figure 17. Mach number and density gradient contours of Slot-DBN at NPR of 1700

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图 18 Slot-DBN典型流线上马赫数、静压和总压分布（NPR为1700）

Figure 18. Mach number, static pressure and total pressure distributions on Slot-DBN typical streamlines （NPR of 1700）

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图 19 不同NPR条件下的环槽通道内压力及轴向速度

Figure 19. Pressure and axial velocity in the annular slot channel under different NPR conditions

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图 20 低压比条件下Slot-DBN与PPE-DBN的推力系数

Figure 20. Thrust coefficients of Slot-DBN and PPE-DBN under low nozzle pressure ratio conditions

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图 21 不同压比条件下Slot-DBN的引射系数及推力系数增量

Figure 21. Ejector coefficient and thrust coefficient increments of Slot-DBN at different nozzle pressure ratios

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图 22 PPE-DBN和Slot-DBN的壁面压力分布（NPR为85）

Figure 22. Wall pressure distribution for PPE-DBN and Slot-DBN （NPR of 85）

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图 23 Slot-DBN在NPR为8500条件下的马赫数云图

Figure 23. Mach number contour of Slot-DBN at NPR of 8500

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表 1 PPE-DBN关键几何参数

Table 1. Critical geometrical parameters of PPE-DBN

参数	数值
喉部半径r_th/mm	100
基础段面积比${\varepsilon _{\text{b}}}$	40
总面积比${\varepsilon _{\text{e}}}$	100
基础段长度L_b	16r_th
扩展段长度L_e	14r_th
基础段出口扩张角${\theta _{\text{b}}}$/（°）	8.75
型面转折角$\alpha $/（°）	16.67
扩展段出口扩张角${\theta _{\text{e}}}$/（°）	5.65
扩展段压力梯度k/（kPa/m）	3

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表 2 PPE-DBN和Slot-DBN在NPR为85和1700条件下的推力系数

Table 2. Thrust coefficients of PPE-DBN and Slot-DBN at NPR of 85 and 1700

NPR	喷管	C_F	C_Fd	C_Fs
85	PPE-DBN	0.8170	0.8249	−0.0079
85	Slot-DBN	0.8409	0.8352	0.0057
1700	PPE-DBN	0.9735	0.9564	0.0171
1700	Slot-DBN	0.9714	0.9583	0.0131

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