带熔断结构的叶片丢失转子动态响应特性

赵镇瑶; 杨诚; 张启成; 李兵; 张大义

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240327

带熔断结构的叶片丢失转子动态响应特性

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240327

赵镇瑶^1,,
杨诚²,
张启成^{1, 3,*, ,},
李兵⁴,
张大义^{1, 3}

1.
北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191
2.
比亚迪汽车工业有限公司汽车工程研究院，广东深圳 518000
3.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机结构强度北京市重点实验室，北京 100191
4.
中国人民解放军 93147部队，成都 610503

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52175071，52105083）；国家科技重大专项（J2022-Ⅳ-0005-0022）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵镇瑶（1999-），男，博士生，主要研究方向为航空发动机转子系统减振设计。E-mail：zzyao_999@buaa.edu.cn

通讯作者:
张启成（1990-），男，副教授，博士，主要从事航空航天新型结构减振及冲击防护研究。E-mail：qichengzhang@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-20
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-04

Dynamic response characteristics of blade lost rotor with fusing structure

ZHAO Zhenyao^1
,,
YANG Cheng²,
ZHANG Qicheng^{1, 3,*
, ,},
LI Bing⁴,
ZHANG Dayi^{1, 3}

1.
School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
Automotive Engineering Research Institute，BYD Auto Industry Company Limited，Shenzhen Guangdong 518000，China
3.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Aero-Engine Structure and Strength，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
4.
Unit 93147，the People’s Liberation Army of China，Chengdu 610503，China

摘要

摘要:
针对带有熔断结构的风扇叶片丢失转子系统，建立了其振动响应快速求解方法。研究了转速、刚度等时变参数对转子振动响应的影响规律，据此阐明了熔断结构的内在减振机理，提出了熔断结构的设计原则。研究结果表明：1#支承熔断可以显著降低转子的1阶临界转速，进而降低转子的共振峰值。转速下降速率对完全熔断设计和部分熔断设计转子动力学特性的影响完全不同，设计时需要区分。支承刚度变化时间对转子振动响应的影响较小，设计时可不予考虑。支承刚度下降比位于某一区间时，会导致转子风车运行时接近共振状态，在设计时应该避开此“共振区”。对于完全熔断设计，在风车阶段使支承结构的刚度恢复，有益于提高转子的运行安全性，且刚度恢复时间越短越好。
- 熔断结构 /
- 风扇叶片丢失 /
- 转子振动响应 /
- 刚度恢复 /
- 安全性设计
Abstract:
A rapid vibration response solving method was developed for the fan blade lost rotor system with a fusing structure. The effects of time-varying parameters, such as rotor speed and stiffness, on the vibration response of the rotor system were studied. The intrinsic vibration damping mechanism of the fusing structure was elucidated, and the design principles for fusing structure were proposed based on these findings. The results indicated that the fusing at the #1 support can significantly reduce the first critical speed of the rotor, consequently reducing the resonance response peak when the rotor passed through the critical point. The impact of the speed reduction rate on the dynamic characteristics of rotor with “complete fusing” and “partial fusing” designs differed significantly, necessitating a distinction in design approaches. The stiffness variation duration of the support had a minor effect on the vibration response of the rotor and may be disregarded during the design phase. When the support stiffness reduction rate fell within a certain range, the rotor may approach a resonant state during windmilling operation stage, thus this “resonance zone” should be avoided during design. For complete fusing designs, restoring the stiffness of the support structure during windmilling phase is beneficial for enhancing rotor operational safety, with preferable faster stiffness recovery.
- fusing structure /
- fan blade off /
- rotor vibration response /
- stiffness recovery /
- safety design

HTML

图 1 时变低压转子系统

Figure 1. Time-varying low-pressure rotor system

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图 2 变转速转子不平衡受力分析

Figure 2. Force analysis for variable-speed rotor with unbalance

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图 3 低压转子系统子结构划分

Figure 3. Substructure division for low-pressure rotor system

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图 4 Jeffcott转子有限元模型

Figure 4. Finite element model of Jeffcott rotor

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图 5 Jeffcott转子轮盘中心点动态响应

Figure 5. Dynamic response of the disk center of Jeffcott rotor

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图 6 熔断结构设计形式

Figure 6. Design form of fusing structure

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图 7 低压转子前两阶模态振型

Figure 7. First two modes of low-pressure rotor

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图 8 低压转子前两阶振型轴心线

Figure 8. Axis lines of the first two modes of low-pressure rotor

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图 9 风扇盘动态响应振幅

Figure 9. Dynamic response amplitude of fan disk

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图 10 风扇盘最大径向振幅对比

Figure 10. Comparison of maximum radial amplitude of fan disk

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图 11 风扇盘径向振幅时频特征

Figure 11. Time and frequency domain characteristics of radial amplitude of fan disk

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图 12 转速下降速率对风扇盘振动响应的影响

Figure 12. Influence of deceleration rate on the vibration response of fan disk

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图 13 支承刚度下降比对风扇盘振动响应的影响

Figure 13. Influence of stiffness reduction ratio on the vibration response of fan disk

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图 14 支承刚度下降比位于“共振区”时的转子响应

Figure 14. Vibration response of rotor when the stiffness reduction ratio is located in the “resonance region”

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图 15 风扇盘关键振幅随支承刚度下降比的变化情况

Figure 15. Variation of key amplitude of fan disk with the stiffness reduction ratio

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图 16 刚度变化时长对风扇盘振动响应的影响

Figure 16. Influence of the stiffness variation duration on the vibration response of fan disk

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图 17 刚度恢复时长对转子振动响应的影响

Figure 17. Influence of the stiffness recovery duration on the vibration response of rotor

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表 1 Jeffcott转子参数

Table 1. Parameters of Jeffcott rotor

参数	数值
轮盘直径/m	0.2
轮盘厚度/m	0.02
转轴长度/m	1.0
转轴内径/m	0.008
转轴外径/m	0.016
支承刚度/10⁶ （N/m）	4
材料密度/（kg/m³）	7800
弹性模量/10¹¹ Pa	2.06
泊松比	0.3

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表 2 两种模型规模对比

Table 2. Comparison of the scale of the two models

模型规模	完整模型	减缩模型	减缩比例/%
单元数目	2406	5	99.79
节点数目	4646	9	99.81
自由度数目	13523	43	99.68

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表 3 两种模型频率求解结果对比

Table 3. Comparison of modal frequencies obtained by the two models

阶次	模态频率/Hz		相对误差/‰
阶次	完整模型	减缩模型	相对误差/‰
1	12.79	12.79	0
2	106.04	106.06	0.19
3	248.40	248.46	0.24
4	293.11	293.19	0.27

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