双级反旋多点直喷燃烧室燃油分级策略研究

赵若霖; 孔文俊

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240359

双级反旋多点直喷燃烧室燃油分级策略研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240359

赵若霖^1,,
孔文俊^{1, 2,*, ,}

1.
北京航空航天大学宇航学院，北京 102206
2.
北京航空航天大学航天液体动力全国重点实验室，北京 102206

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52076007）；国家科技重大专项（J2019-Ⅲ-0012-0055）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵若霖（1993-），男，博士生，主要从事燃气轮机燃烧室研究。E-mail：zhaoruolin@buaa.edu.cn

通讯作者:
孔文俊（1968-），男，教授，博士，主要从事微重力燃烧、湍流燃烧及燃气轮机燃烧室研究。E-mail：wjkong@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.2；TK16
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-02
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-28

Study on fuel grade strategy for dual-stage counter-rotating multi-point direct injection combustor

ZHAO Ruolin^1
,,
KONG Wenjun^{1, 2,*
, ,}

1.
School of Astronautics，Beihang University，Beijing 102206，China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Liquid Propulsion，Beihang University，Beijing 102206，China

摘要

摘要:
为优化双级反旋多点直喷燃烧室运行方案，采用数值模拟的方法对燃油分级方案和值班级燃油占比影响进行研究。验证了研究方法的可行性；探究了高、低工况下不同燃油分级方案的排放特性；探究了LC（低工况）-3方案时值班级燃油占比对燃烧室性能的影响。结果表明：主燃级喷嘴分散布置的LC-1和LC-3在综合性能方面优于主燃级喷嘴集中布置的LC-2和LC-4；6主燃级喷嘴的LC-3在NOx排放方面优于3主燃级喷嘴的LC-1，而LC-1在CO排放方面略优于LC-3，综合现行规范LC-3方案更具优势； 9主燃级喷嘴高工况（HC）CO排放略低于LC-3，NOx排放高于LC-3；在LC-3方案中，随值班级燃油占比提高，CO和NOx排放均呈上升趋势，当值班级燃油占比为25%时，NOx排放达到最低值1.59×10⁻⁵。
- 双级反旋 /
- 贫油直喷 /
- 多点喷射 /
- 燃油分级 /
- NOx排放 /
- CO排放
Abstract:
To optimize the scheme of a dual-stage counter-rotating multi-point injection combustor, numerical simulations were employed to study the effects of fuel staging schemes and pilot stage fuel proportions. The feasibility of the research methodology was validated; the emission characteristics of different fuel staging schemes under high and low operating conditions were explored; the impact of pilot stage fuel proportions on combustor performance in the LC (low condition)-3 scheme was investigated. The results showed that the LC-1 and LC-3, with the main nozzles distributed, performed better in overall performance compared with the LC-2 and LC-4 with the main nozzles concentrated. The LC-3 with 6 main nozzles performed better in NOx emissions than the LC-1 with 3 main nozzles, while the LC-1 was slightly better than LC-3 in CO emissions. The LC-3 scheme demonstrated greater overall advantages according to current standards. Under high operating conditions, the HC (high condition) scheme with 9 main nozzles exhibited slightly lower CO emissions but higher NOx emissions compared with the LC-3. In the LC-3, as the pilot fuel proportion increased, both CO and NOx emissions showed an upward trend, and when the pilot fuel proportion reached 25%, the NOx emission reached its lowest value of 1.59×10⁻⁵.
- dual-stage counter-rotating /
- lean direct injection /
- multi-point injection /
- fuel grade /
- NOx emission /
- CO emission

HTML

图 1 多点喷射燃烧室结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of multi-point injection combustor

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图 2 Mesh-3中心截面处网格

Figure 2. Mesh-3 center cross-section grid

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图 3 不同网格下结果指标曲线

Figure 3. Performance metrics for different grids

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图 4 基元双级反旋贫油直喷喷嘴实验图像

Figure 4. Experimental diagram of dual-stage counter-rotating lean direct injection nozzle

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图 5 实验与模拟的轴向速度对比

Figure 5. Comparison of experimental and simulated axial velocities

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图 6 喷嘴编号示意图

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of nozzle number

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图 7 燃烧室流线图

Figure 7. Flow streamlines in the combustor

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图 8 燃烧室中气量分配情况

Figure 8. Air distribution in the combustor

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图 9 燃烧室中空气流量分配情况

Figure 9. Air distribution in the combustor

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图 10 喷嘴运行状态图

Figure 10. Nozzle operating state diagram

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图 11 不同方案下燃烧室的性能

Figure 11. Performance of the combustor under different schemes

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图 12 不同方案下燃烧室温度

Figure 12. Combustor temperature under different schemes

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图 13 不同方案下燃烧室CO体积分数

Figure 13. CO volume fraction under different schemes

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图 14 不同方案下NOx体积分数

Figure 14. NOx volume fraction under different schemes

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图 15 不同方案下NOx生成速率

Figure 15. NOx formation rate under different schemes

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图 16 LC-3中局部当量比与值班级燃油占比的关系

Figure 16. Relationship between local equivalence ratio and pilot-stage fuel proportion in LC-3

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图 17 LC-3中排放、燃烧效率及总压损失与值班级燃油占比的关系

Figure 17. Relationship between emissions, combustion efficiency, total pressure loss, and pilot-stage fuel proportion in LC-3

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图 18 LC-3中不同值班级燃油占比下燃烧室温度

Figure 18. Combustor temperature under different pilot-stage fuel proportions in LC-3

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图 19 LC-3中不同值班级燃油占比下CO体积分数

Figure 19. CO volume fraction under different pilot-stage fuel proportions in LC-3

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图 20 LC-3中不同值班级燃油占比下NOx体积分数

Figure 20. NOx volume fraction under different pilot-stage fuel proportions in LC-3

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图 21 LC-3中不同值班级燃油占比下NOx生成速率

Figure 21. NOx formation rate under different pilot-stage fuel proportions in LC-3

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表 1 双级反旋喷嘴参数表

Table 1. Parameters table of dual-stage counter-rotating nozzles

类型	值班级喷嘴		主燃级喷嘴
类型	内旋流	外旋流	内旋流	外旋流
叶片角度/（°）	48	42	50	45
叶片个数	10	12	12	12
旋流器旋向	逆时针	顺时针	逆时针	顺时针
有效面积/mm²	780	1376	284	496
文氏管角度/（°）	30		28

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表 2 燃烧室运行参数表

Table 2. Operating parameters table of combustor

运行工况	进口压力/ MPa	进口温度/ K	空气流量/ （kg/min）	燃油流量/ （kg/min）
低工况（LC）	1.218	659	164.6	2.83
高工况（HC）	2.052	770	247	6.1

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表 3 实验与数值仿真结果表

Table 3. Table of experimental and numerical simulation results

参数	实验（Exp.）	数值仿真（CFD）
NOx排放量（15%O₂）/10⁻⁶	14.3	17.38
CO排放量（15%O₂）/10⁻⁶	6	4.73
燃烧效率η/%	99.99	99.99

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表 4 喷嘴工作参数表

Table 4. Nozzle operating parameters table

编号	喷嘴工作情况	类型	值班级燃油占比/%	主燃级局部当量比	值班级局部当量比
LC-1	1P+3M	分散	49.3	0.716	0.716
LC-2	1P+3M	集中	49.3	0.716	0.716
LC-3	1P+6M	分散	32.8	0.475	0.475
LC-4	1P+6M	集中	32.8	0.475	0.475
HC	1P+9M		24.5	0.511	0.511

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