多支油路供油的航空发动机附件齿轮箱传动系统热-流耦合分析

文武翊; 王巧; 刘怀举; 朱才朝; 林勤杰

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240451

多支油路供油的航空发动机附件齿轮箱传动系统热-流耦合分析

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240451

文武翊^1,,
王巧²,
刘怀举^1,*, ,,
朱才朝¹,
林勤杰¹

1.
重庆大学高端装备机械传动全国重点实验室，重庆 400044
2.
中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院，成都 610500

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（U2141247）

详细信息

作者简介:
文武翊（2001-），男，硕士生，主要从事齿轮传动多物理场耦合研究。E-mail：306452341@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘怀举（1986-），男，教授，博士，长期从事高端装备机械传动研究。E-mail： huaijuliu@cqu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V233.1；V233.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-03
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-08

Thermal-fluid coupling analysis of a transmission system of accessory gearbox of an aero-engine under multi-branch lubrication state

WEN Wuyi^1
,,
WANG Qiao²,
LIU Huaiju^{1,*
, ,},
ZHU Caichao¹,
LIN Qinjie¹

1.
State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044，China
2.
Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Chengdu 610500，China

摘要

摘要:
针对多支油路供油的高速齿轮传动系统热-流特征不明确的问题，提出了基于多相流有限体积法的航空齿轮传动系统热-流数值分析模型，研究了齿轮箱内部流场与温度场的分布规律。发现油路弯折和骤缩导致较大压降，严重影响射流速度及出口油气比，使得高速齿轮啮合射流易发生破碎，齿面润滑与冷却性能下降。且齿轮箱初始结构存在存油问题，额定工况下风阻损失达12.30 kW，占系统总损失的85.20%。通过改进油路提升射流出口速度与油气比，并增添出油口和导流罩，实现系统风阻损失降低至5.22 kW，传动效率由93.54%提升至96.67%，为高速航空传动高功率密度设计提供方法支撑。
- 附件齿轮箱 /
- 齿轮传动 /
- 热-流耦合 /
- 喷油润滑 /
- 多支油路
Abstract:
Given the lack of analysis methods for thermal-fluid coupling in high-speed gear transmission systems with complex oil multi-branch lubrication, a thermal-fluid analysis model based on the multiphase flow finite volume method was proposed. The flow field and temperature field within the gearbox were studied with this model. Bending and abrupt contraction of the oil route caused significant pressure drops. This affected the jet velocity and oil-air ratio at the outlet, leading to fragmentation of high-speed gear meshing jets and lower lubrication and cooling performance. It was found that the initial structure of the gearbox suffered from jet fragmentation and oil storage issues, resulting in a windage loss of 12.30 kW, which was 85.20% of the total loss. Improvements to the oil system increased the jet velocity and oil-air ratio. By adding oil outlets and installing shrouding, the system’s windage loss was significantly reduced to 5.22 kW, increasing the transmission efficiency from 93.54% to 96.67%. It provids methodological support for the high-power-density design of high-speed aviation transmission.
- accessory gearbox /
- gear transmission /
- thermal-fluid coupling /
- jet lubrication /
- multi-branch lubrication

HTML

图 1 航空发动机附件齿轮箱结构及传动示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the structure and transmission of the accessory gearbox of an aero-engine

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图 2 齿轮箱初始结构方案的各喷嘴位置和主副油路

Figure 2. Positions of each nozzle in main and auxiliary oil routes in the initial structural scheme of the gearbox

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图 3 多支油路航空发动机传动系统热-流耦合分析流程

Figure 3. Thermal-fluid coupling analysis process of the multi-branched aero-engine transmission system

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图 4 油路网格划分

Figure 4. Division of oil route mesh

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图 5 传动系统流体域网格

Figure 5. Fluid mesh of the transmission system

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图 6 齿轮箱内热边界及摩擦热流加载流程

Figure 6. Process of thermal boundary and frictional heat flow loading in the gearbox

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图 7 初始结构方案的喷嘴处油液体积分数分布

Figure 7. Distribution of oil volume fraction at the nozzles in the initial structural scheme

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图 8 初始结构方案各喷嘴出口油气比

Figure 8. Oil-air ratio at the outlets of each nozzle in the initial structural scheme

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图 9 初始结构方案主、次油路压力云图及管道内流线

Figure 9. Pressure contour of the main and secondary oil routes and streamlines inside the pipelines in the initial structural scheme

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图 10 初始结构方案的齿轮箱内流场环境

Figure 10. Flow field environment inside the gearbox in the initial structural scheme

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图 11 初始结构方案的功率损失与温度分布

Figure 11. Power loss and temperature distribution in the initial structural scheme

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图 12 齿轮箱结构的改进措施

Figure 12. Improvement measures for the gearbox structure

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图 13 油路结构改进后的主、次油路压力云图

Figure 13. Pressure contour of the main and secondary oil routes after the oil route structure improvement

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图 14 油路结构改进前后油气比及喷油速度

Figure 14. Oil-air ratio and oil spray velocity before and after the oil route structure improvement

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图 15 结构改进后系统流场结果

Figure 15. System flow field results after structural improvement

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图 16 结构改进后传动系统温度分布和表面传热系数对比

Figure 16. Comparison of temperature distribution and surface heat transfer coefficient of the transmission system after structural improvement

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表 1 滑油、空气及齿轮钢的物性参数

Table 1. Physical properties of lubricating oil, air, and gear steel

参数	4106润滑油	空气	钢
动力黏度/（mPa∙s）	2.23	2.21×10⁻⁵
密度/（kg/m³）	882.3	1.23	7860
导热系数/（W/（m·K））	0.13	0.02	33.31
比定压热容/（J/（kg·K））	2280	1006.43	494.05

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表 2 初始结构方案各齿轮副喷嘴出口速度

Table 2. Outlet velocities of nozzles for each gear pair of the initial structural scheme

名称	喷油速度/（m/s）
锥齿轮副喷嘴	18.04
直齿轮副Ⅲ-Ⅳ喷嘴	17.88
直齿轮副Ⅵ-Ⅶ喷嘴	9.50
直齿轮副Ⅷ-Ⅸ喷嘴	14.86
直齿轮副Ⅰ-Ⅱ喷嘴	10.06
直齿轮副Ⅳ-Ⅴ喷嘴	14.19
直齿轮副Ⅶ-Ⅷ喷嘴	16.24
各喷嘴平均速度	14.40

下载: 导出CSV

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