Experimental study on the propagation characteristics of rotatingdetonation waves in curved channels under the influence of axial lateral expansion
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摘要:
为揭示轴向侧向膨胀对弯曲通道中爆震波传播特性的影响，在内壁面半径为45 mm的封闭与半封闭弯曲通道中，选用10、20 mm和30 mm这3种预混气高度，燃料与氧化剂分别为乙烯和稀释比为0.5的氮氧混合物，实验研究了不同当量比时侧向膨胀对爆震波的峰值压力、传播速度及传播模态的影响。结果表明：侧向膨胀影响下，爆震波峰值压力和传播速度降低，在贫燃和富燃工况下损失更加明显；随预混气高度降低，压力和速度亏损进一步增加。根据爆震波内壁面
D n/D CJ沿程变化特征，可观察到稳定模态、临界模态、弱不稳定模态、强不稳定模态和缓燃模态。爆震波在封闭弯曲通道内稳定传播的临界内壁面半径为9.07～10.55倍的平均胞格尺寸。引入侧向膨胀影响后，更小的通道曲率有利于降低损失，提升爆震波抵御侧向膨胀的能力，其在半封闭弯曲通道内临界内壁面半径增至15.62～18.32倍胞格尺寸以维持稳定传播。Abstract:To clarify the influence of axial lateral expansion on the propagation characteristics of detonation waves in curved channels, experimental study was conducted in confined and semi-confined curved channels with an inner radius of 45 mm and the mixture heights of 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm. Ethylene and a nitrogen-oxygen mixture with a dilution ratio of 0.5 were utilized as fuel and oxidizer, respectively. The effects of lateral expansion on the peak pressure, the propagation velocity, and the propagation modes of detonation waves at different equivalence ratios were investigated. The results indicated that under the influence of lateral expansion, the deficits of wave velocity and peak pressure increased, especially under both fuel-lean and fuel-rich conditions. As the mixture height decreased, the deficits were further amplified. Based on the
D n/D CJ variations along the inner wall of the curved channel, five propagation modes were observed after the stable detonation waves entering the curved channels, i.e., a stable mode, a critical mode, a weakly unstable mode, a highly unstable mode, and a deflagration mode. The critical inner radius for stable propagation in a confined curved channel was 9.07—10.55 times the average cell width. After introducing the lateral expansion, a smaller channel curvature helped reduce the deficits and enhances the ability to resist lateral expansion. Therefore, the critical inner radius in a semi-confined curved channel increased to 15.62—18.32 times the average cell width to maintain stable propagation.-
Key words:
- lateral expansion /
- curved channel /
- detonation wave /
- propagation mode /
- mixture height
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图 4 高速摄像记录的侧向膨胀条件下爆震波稳定传播过程（φ=1.2，h=30 mm）
Figure 4. Photography results of the stable propagation process of detonation waves with the lateral expansion （φ=1.2，h=30 mm）
图 6 侧向膨胀影响下爆震波沿程压力变化（φ=0.8，h=30 mm）
Figure 6. Peak pressure along the outer wall with the lateral expansion （φ=0.8, h=30 mm）
图 7 不同当量比条件下侧向膨胀对爆震波沿程峰值压力的影响（h=30 mm）
Figure 7. Peak pressure along the curved channel at different equivalence ratios （h=30 mm）
图 8 不同预混气高度时侧向膨胀对爆震波沿程峰值压力的影响（φ=1.0）
Figure 8. Peak pressure along the curved channel at different mixture heights （φ=1.0）
图 9 不同预混气高度时侧向膨胀对爆震波沿程峰值压力的影响（φ=0.7）
Figure 9. Peak pressure along the curved channel at different mixture heights （φ=0.7）
图 10 不同预混气高度时侧向膨胀对爆震波沿程峰值压力的影响（φ=2.2）
Figure 10. Peak pressure along the curved channel at different mixture heights （φ=2.2）
图 11 不同预混气高度、化学恰当比时，侧向膨胀对外壁面附近爆震波沿程速度损失的影响
Figure 11. Effect of lateral expansion on the velocity deficit near the outer wall at different mixture heights and the stoichiometric ratio
图 12 不同预混气高度、化学恰当比时，侧向膨胀对中径附近爆震波沿程速度损失的影响
Figure 12. Effect of lateral expansion on the velocity deficit near the mean diameter at different mixture heights and the stoichiometric ratio
图 13 不同预混气高度、化学恰当比时，侧向膨胀对内壁面附近爆震波沿程速度损失的影响
Figure 13. Effect of lateral expansion on the velocity deficit near the inner wall at different mixture heights and the stoichiometric ratio
图 14 封闭通道内不同径向位置处当量比对爆震波速度的影响
Figure 14. Effect of the equivalence ratio on the wave velocity at different radial positions in a confined channel
图 15 半封闭通道内不同径向位置处当量比对爆震波速度的影响（h=30 mm）
Figure 15. Effect of the equivalence ratio on the wave velocity at different radial positions in a semi-confined channel（h=30 mm）
图 16 半封闭通道内不同径向位置处当量比对爆震波速度的影响（h=20 mm）
Figure 16. Effect of the equivalence ratio on the wave velocity at different radial positions in a semi-confined channel （h=20 mm）
图 17 半封闭通道内不同径向位置处当量比对爆震波速度的影响（h=10 mm）
Figure 17. Effect of the equivalence ratio on the wave velocity at different radial positions in a semi-confined channel （h=10 mm）
图 18 不同工况下爆震波在弯曲通道内的传播速度和模态
Figure 18. Propagation characteristics along the curved channel at different conditions
图 19 爆震波在不同传播模态下的高速摄影结果
Figure 19. Photography results for different modes of detonation waves
图 20 侧向膨胀影响下不同预混气高度对应的爆震波传播模态
Figure 20. Propagation modes at different mixture heights under the influence of lateral expansion
表 1 实验工况（ri=45 mm）
Table 1. Experimental conditions （ri=45 mm）
h/mm φ 通道构型 30 0.55～2.60 全封闭 0.60～2.60 半封闭 20 0.70～2.60 半封闭 10 0.80～2.60 半封闭 
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