Effect of positional uncertainty on performance of auxiliary positioning film cooling hole
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摘要:
提出了一种在涡轮叶片毛坯上预置凸肋和凹坑结构作为打孔定位基准的气膜孔方案。这些结构不仅可以提高气膜冷却性能，而且能够增强抵抗打孔位置偏差诱发冷却性能下降的能力。以圆柱孔作为对比基准，在典型位置度公差约束下，设计了两种孔型的理论正确和特征偏差位置上的几何模型，构成了研究样本空间，并通过数值仿真方法对比分析了各结构的气膜掺混流动和冷却性能。在理论正确位置上，辅助定位孔出口处的凹坑可诱导主流入侵并增强二次流的贴壁性，使气膜覆盖面积增大到了圆柱孔的2.83倍以上。当打孔产生位置偏差时，辅助定位孔的冷却性能与主流入侵深度正相关，并且展向倾斜偏差反而会引起性能增强。在全部样本空间内，辅助定位孔的冷却性能全面优于圆柱孔，在相同偏差位置上气膜覆盖面积系数增加了0.37～5.77。
Abstract:An auxiliary positioning film hole scheme utilizing pre-cast ribs and dimples in turbine blade workblank was proposed. These structures not only improved the film cooling performance, but also enhanced the resistance to the performance degradation by the positional deviations in drilling. The cylindrical hole was chosen as a benchmark. And within the limit of a typical position tolerance, the sample space was established including the theoretically exact and characteristic positional deviation models of both schemes. Comparative analysis of film mixing flow and cooling performance was carried out by employing numerical simulations. For the theoretically exact model of the auxiliary positioning hole, the dimple at the outlet inhaled the main inflow, thus the surface-attachment of the secondary flow was enhanced. As a result, the novel scheme reached up to 2.83 times the size of the film coverage area of the cylindrical hole. In terms of the positional deviation, the cooling performance of the novel scheme exhibited a positive correlation with the main flow intrusion depth, and even benefited from the spanwise tilted deviation. In the entire sample space, the auxiliary positioning holes achieved totally better performance than the cylindrical ones. At the same deviation position, the amplitude of the film coverage area coefficient increased from 0.37 to 5.77.
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图 9 两种气膜孔结构γ随位置偏差变化
Figure 9. Variation of γ with positional deviation of both film hole schemes
表 1 结构参数
Table 1. Structural parameters
参数 数值 特征尺度：气膜孔孔径D/mm 1 壁厚L/mm 4.0D 孔轴线与壁面夹角β/（°） 35.0 定位凹坑 球直径dA/mm 4.0D 球心与外壁面间距离eA/mm 0.575D 球心与气膜孔轴线间距离lA/mm 0.3D 边缘圆角半径RA/mm 0.5D 定位凸肋 截面圆直径dB/mm 3.5D 截面圆圆心与内壁面间距离eB/mm 0.625D 边缘圆角半径RB/mm 1.0D 
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表 2 定位点组合
Table 2. Anchor points combinations
定位点 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B0 ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙● B1 ◙● ◙ ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙● B2 ◙● ◙● ◙ ◙● ◙● ◙● B3 ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙ ◙● ◙● B4 ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙ ◙● B5 ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙● ◙ B6 ◙● ◙ ◙ B7 ◙● ◙● ◙ B8 ◙● ◙● ◙●
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表 3 计算参数
Table 3. Computational parameters
位置 参数 数值 主流入口 总压$ p_{\text{g}}^* $/105 Pa 1.018 温度Tg/K 400 湍流度Ig/% 5.0 二次流入口 质量流量$ {\dot m_{\text{c}}} $/（g/s） 0.022 温度Tc/K 300 湍流度Ic/% 1.0 出口 静压pb/105 Pa 1.013 吹风比M 1.0
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