旋流器与火焰筒匹配对燃烧性能影响

刘凯; 许如意; 曹隽华; 曾文

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240614

旋流器与火焰筒匹配对燃烧性能影响

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240614

沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院，沈阳 110136

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（2017-1-00014-0005）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘凯（1971-），男，副教授，博士，主要从事低污染燃烧技术的研究。E-mail：liukai1971@163.com

通讯作者:
曾文（1976-），男，教授，博士，主要从事燃烧机理方面的研究。E-mail：zengwennew@126.com

中图分类号: V231.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-05
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-30

Influence of swirler and flame tube matching on combustion performance

School of Aero-engine，Shenyang Aerospace University，Shenyang 110136，China

摘要

摘要:
针对燃烧室多参数复杂的耦合关系，以燃烧室头部结构为研究对象，研究了火焰筒不同头部扩张角与旋流器耦合关系对燃烧性能的影响。研究结果表明：对于头部扩张角90°的突扩型火焰筒，随旋流器旋流数增大：燃料-空气掺混不均匀系数增大，燃烧室出口温度分布系数增大，具有更宽的稳定工作区间，贫油熄火油气比更贫，一氧化碳（CO）、未燃碳氢（UHC）排放指数降低，氮氧化物（NOx）排放指数增大。对于头部扩张角45°的渐扩型火焰筒，随旋流器旋流数增大：燃料-空气掺混不均匀系数减小，燃烧室出口温度分布系数减小， NOx排放指数降低。
- 贫预混燃烧 /
- 旋流器 /
- 火焰筒扩张角 /
- 流场 /
- 温度场 /
- 排放指数
Abstract:
In response to the complex coupling relationship of multiple parameters in the combustion chamber, the influence of the coupling relationship between different head expansion angles of flame tubes and swirle on combustion performance was studied. The research results showed that: to 90° expansion flame tube, with the increase of swirl number, the fuel mixing uniformity gradually deteriorated, the outlet temperature distribution coefficient gradually increased within a wider stable working range; the oil-air ratio of lean blow out gradually decreased, the carbon monoxide (CO) and Unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emission index decreased, while the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission index increased. To 45° expanding flame tube, with the increase of swirl number, the fuel mixing uniformity gradually improved, the outlet temperature distribution coefficient gradually decreased, and the NOx emission index decreased.
- lean premixed combustion /
- swirler /
- flame tube expansion angle /
- flow field /
- temperature field /
- emission index

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图 1 燃烧室结构（单位：mm）

Figure 1. Combustor geometric model （unit：mm）

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图 2 旋流器结构

Figure 2. Swirl model

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图 3 网格无关性验证

Figure 3. Grid independence verification

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图 4 中心截面燃料分布

Figure 4. Center section fuel distribution

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图 5 中心纵截面温度场

Figure 5. Central section temperature field

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图 6 中心截面氮氧化物分布

Figure 6. Distribution of NOx in the central cross-section

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图 7 试验系统框图

Figure 7. Diagram of test system

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图 8 试验系统照片

Figure 8. Picture of test system

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图 9 贫油熄火油气比

Figure 9. Fuel-air ratio of lean blowout

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图 10 热电偶耙及布置方式

Figure 10. Thermocouple and the distribution

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图 11 燃气取样探针

Figure 11. Gas sampling probe

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表 1 旋流器和火焰筒组合

Table 1. Swirl and flame tube combination

组合	火焰筒扩张角/（°）	旋流数
A	90	0.47
B	90	0.56
C	90	0.65
D	45	0.47
E	45	0.56
F	45	0.65

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表 2 天然气主要成分

Table 2. Natural gas main composition

组分	体积分数
CH₄	0.971
CO₂	0.0072
N₂	0.0218

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表 3 模拟工况

Table 3. Numerical simulation condition

参数		数值
头部空气量/（kg/s）		0.111
冷却空气量/（kg/s）		0.049
燃料量/（kg/h）	主燃级	12.5
燃料量/（kg/h）	值班级	0.75

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表 4 燃料不均匀度

Table 4. Fuel nonuniformity

组合	燃料不均匀度
组合	Y=290 mm	Y=375 mm
A	0.02643	0.00381
B	0.02785	0.00483
C	0.02869	0.00761
D	0.02716	0.00407
E	0.02301	0.00361
F	0.02223	0.00339

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表 5 出口温度场

Table 5. Outlet temperature field

组合	平均温度/K	热点温度/K	出口温度系数
A	1671.86	1818.85	0.1482
B	1674.16	1833.33	0.1601
C	1676.25	1840.83	0.1652
D	1668.45	1846.17	0.1798
E	1665.78	1830.70	0.1673
F	1664.56	1815.69	0.1535

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表 6 NOx排放指数

Table 6. EI of NOx g/kg

组合	排放指数	组合	排放指数
A	0.695	D	0.689
B	0.713	E	0.635
C	0.735	F	0.560

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表 7 贫油熄火工况

Table 7. Lean blowout condition

参数	数值
进口温度/K	680
进口总压/MPa	0.4
进口马赫数	0.12，0.14，0.16，0.18

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表 8 出口温度场

Table 8. Outlet temperature field

旋流数	平均温度/K	热点温度/K	温度分布系数
0.47	1650.45	1801.64	0.1557
0.56	1660.16	1819.02	0.1621
0.65	1663.23	1828.56	0.1681

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表 9 污染物排放指数

Table 9. EI of pollution

旋流数	排放指数/（g/kg）
旋流数	CO	UHC	NOx
0.47	20.08	10.01	0.638
0.56	19.73	9.84	0.681
0.65	15.76	8.25	0.703

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