Numerical simulation study of a bypass dual throat thrust vectoring nozzle for micro turbojet engines
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摘要:
针对旁路式双喉道气动矢量喷管在涡喷发动机上安装的问题，根据在微型涡喷发动机上常用的两种喷管安装方式的特点分别建立了尺寸特征参数，设计了对应的旁路式双喉道气动矢量喷管模型，并开展了数值模拟研究。数值模拟结果表明：以直连式安装方式安装的旁路式双喉道气动矢量喷管通流能力充足，不会影响发动机正常工作，能产生大于20°的矢量角，且等熵推力系数高于0.89，能充分发挥旁路式双喉道气动矢量喷管的性能优势；在引射式安装方式下，从外界引射的空气在引射口附近发生剧烈的掺混，产生了较大的推力损失，且推力矢量角小于20°。获得了不同安装方式下旁路式双喉道气动矢量喷管的性能变化规律，为旁路式双喉道气动矢量喷管在微型涡喷发动机上的应用提供了解决方案。
Abstract:Targeting the problem about installation of bypass dual throat thrust vectoring nozzle (BDTN) on micro-turbojet, the size characteristic parameters were established respectively according to the characteristics of the two common installation methods on micro-turbojet. The corresponding models of BDTNs were designed to carry out numerical simulation research. The numerical simulation results of the direct connection installation method showed that the flow capacity of BDTN was sufficient, indicating less negative effects on the normal operation of the turbojet, with thrust vectoring angle reaching more than 20° and the isentropic thrust coefficient rising above 0.89. The numerical simulation results of the injection installation method showed that air ejected from the environment caused severe mixing near the injection port, resulting in significant thrust loss, and thrust vectoring angle was smaller than 20°. The transformation laws of performance under different installation methods were obtained, thus providing a solution for application of bypass dual throat thrust vectoring nozzle on micro turbojet engine.
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图 1 BDTN段内流道型线及二维尺寸
Figure 1. Internal flow channel profile and two-dimensional dimensions of BDTN section
图 4 矢量喷管与涡喷发动机不同安装方式示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagrams of different installation methods of vector nozzle and turbojet
图 5 BDTN与微型涡喷发动机不同安装方式示意图
Figure 5. Schematic diagrams of different installation methods of BDTN and micro turbojet
图 9 不同网格量BDTN凹腔下壁面无量纲压力分布
Figure 9. Dimensionless pressure distribution along the down cavity wall of BDTN with different grid numbers
图 10 不同安装方式边界条件设置
Figure 10. Boundary conditions setting of different installation methods
图 11 不同$ {k}_{A} $下圆转方段中心截面扩张程度示意图
Figure 11. Schematic diagrams at center section of expansion degree of circular-to-rectangular transition duct in different $ {k}_{A} $
图 12 直连式安装方式非矢量状态中心截面马赫数云图
Figure 12. Mach number contours at center section of the direct connection installation method in non-thrust vectoring mode
图 13 直连式安装方式矢量状态中心截面马赫数云图
Figure 13. Mach number contours at center section of the direct connection installation method in thrust vectoring mode
图 14 直连式安装方式矢量状态BDTN入口截面马赫数云图（$ {R}_{\text{NP}} $=2）
Figure 14. Mach number contours at the inlet of BDTN of the direct connection installation method in thrust vectoring mode （$ {R}_{\text{NP}} $=2）
图 15 直连式安装方式等熵推力系数
Figure 15. Isentropic thrust coefficient of the direct connection installation method
图 16 直连式安装方式安装流量系数
Figure 16. Installed flow coefficient of the direct connection installation method
图 17 直连式安装方式推力矢量角
Figure 17. Thrust vectoring angles of the direct connection installation method
图 18 引射式安装方式非矢量状态中心截面马赫数云图
Figure 18. Mach number contours at center section of the injection installation method in non-thrust vectoring mode
图 19 引射式安装方式矢量状态中心截面马赫数云图
Figure 19. Mach number contours at center section of the injection installation method in thrust vectoring mode
图 20 引射式安装方式矢量状态BDTN入口截面马赫数云图（$ {R}_{\text{NP}} $=2）
Figure 20. Mach number contours at the inlet of BDTN of the injection installation method in thrust vectoring mode （$ {R}_{\text{NP}} $=2）
图 21 引射式安装方式等熵推力系数
Figure 21. Isentropic thrust coefficient of the injection installation method
图 22 引射式安装方式安装流量系数
Figure 22. Installed flow coefficient of the injection installation method
图 23 引射式安装方式推力矢量角
Figure 23. Thrust vectoring angles of the injection installation method
图 24 引射式安装方式旁路通道流量占比
Figure 24. The mass flow ratio of secondary flow and primary flow of the injection installation method
图 25 引射式安装方式凹腔上壁面中心线无量纲压力分布（$ {R}_{\text{NP}} $=3，矢量状态）
Figure 25. Dimensionless pressure distributions along the center line of the upper cavity wall of the injection installation method （$ {R}_{\text{NP}} $=3, thrust vectoring mode）
图 26 引射式安装方式引射口局部示意图
Figure 26. Schematic diagrams of injection port of the injection installation method
图 27 $ {k}_{x} $=0.4构型中心截面引射口附近静温云图
Figure 27. Static temperature contours at center section of $ {k}_{x} $=0.4 mode near injection port
图 28 $ {k}_{x} $=0.4构型中心截面引射口附近流线
Figure 28. Streamlines at center section of $ {k}_{x} $=0.4 mode near injection port
图 29 两种安装方式马赫数云图对比（$ {R}_{\text{NP}}=2 $）
Figure 29. Comparison of Mach number contours between two installation methods （$ {R}_{\text{NP}}=2 $）
图 30 两种安装方式总压云图对比（$ {R}_{\text{NP}}=2 $）
Figure 30. Comparison of total pressure contours between two installation methods （$ {R}_{\text{NP}}=2 $）
表 1 原装收缩喷管性能参数
Table 1. Performance parameters of original convergent nozzle
$ {{R}}_{\rm{NP}} $ $ \dot{{{m}}_{{0}}} $/（kg/s） $ {\sigma } $ $ {{C}}_{\rm{f}} $ 2 0.934 0.9933 1.00 3 1.375 0.9927 0.99 
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