基于BOST的超声速喷流三维密度场重构方法与实验研究

魏祥智; 史经纬; 周莉; 惠中豪; 缪铭聪; 王占学

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240686

基于BOST的超声速喷流三维密度场重构方法与实验研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240686

魏祥智^1,,
史经纬^{1, 2,*, ,},
周莉^{1, 2, 3},
惠中豪¹,
缪铭聪¹,
王占学^{1, 2}

1.
西北工业大学动力与能源学院，西安 710129
2.
西北工业大学轻型涡轮动力全国重点实验室，西安 710129
3.
先进航空发动机协同创新中心，北京 100191

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52076180）；航空发动机及燃气轮机基础科学中心项目（P2022-B-Ⅱ-010-001）

详细信息

作者简介:
魏祥智（1999-），男，博士生，主要从事复杂流场非接触测量研究

通讯作者:
史经纬（1986-），男，教授、博士生导师，博士，研究领域为先进排气系统设计及非接触测量技术研究。E-mail：shijw@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-10
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-26

Experimental investigation of the three-dimensional density field reconstruction in supersonic jets based on BOST methodology

Wei Xiangzhi^1
,,
Shi Jingwei^{1, 2,*
, ,},
Zhou Li^{1, 2, 3},
Hui Zhonghao¹,
Miao Mingcong¹,
Wang Zhanxue^{1, 2}

1.
School of Power and Energy，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710129，China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Light-duty Gas-turbine，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710129，China
3.
Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Aero-Engine，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
超声速喷流流场的精细化认知是提升飞行器气动性能和抑制排气噪声的关键技术难题。基于背景纹影层析（background-oriented schlieren tomography，BOST）技术，系统开展轴对称收敛-扩张喷管超声速喷流三维密度场重构研究。首先分析了实验参数对测量灵敏度和空间分辨率的耦合影响规律，建立BOST三维重构数学模型。进而设计含噪声的模拟实验进行验证，结果表明重构模型在高噪声水平下仍能保持4.5%的密度场重构精度，证实了方法的鲁棒性。基于此搭建了多视角BOST实验系统，在典型工况下开展了超声速喷流三维密度场重构实验。结果显示：重构结果成功捕捉到喷流核心区、激波串与膨胀波系的精细三维结构，3种工况下喷流中心线密度与数值模拟结果的平均误差分别为6.4%、4.7%和5.0%，激波位置与纹影显示结果较好吻合。同时，准确可视化了来流总压升高导致的马赫反射向规则反射演化过程，证实BOST技术在超声速喷流三维诊断中的可靠性，为喷管优化设计提供了高精度流场数据支撑。
- 背景纹影层析 /
- 超声速喷流 /
- 三维密度场 /
- 波系结构 /
- 非接触测量
Abstract:
The refined characterization of supersonic jet flow fields remains a critical technical challenge for enhancing aircraft aerodynamic performance and suppressing exhaust noise. This study systematically investigated the three-dimensional density field reconstruction of supersonic jets from an axisymmetric convergent-divergent nozzle using background-oriented schlieren tomography (BOST). First, the coupled effects of experimental parameters on the measurement sensitivity and spatial resolution were analyzed, and the BOST three-dimensional reconstruction mathematical model was established. Subsequently, a simulation experiment containing noise was designed to validate the model’s robustness. The results demonstrated that the reconstruction model maintained density field accuracy within 4.5% under high noise levels, confirming the robustness of the method. Finally, a multi-view BOST experimental system was implemented to reconstruct the three-dimensional density fields under typical experimental conditions. Results successfully captured the refined three-dimensional structures including the jet core region, shock trains, and expansion wave systems. The average errors on the centerline between the reconstructed density fields and numerical simulations were determined as 6.4%, 4.7%, and 5.0% under three experimental conditions, with shock positions showing good agreement with schlieren visualization. The BOST effectively visualized the transition process from Mach reflection to regular reflection induced by the increasing total inflow pressure, verifying the reliability of BOST in the three-dimensional diagnostics of supersonic jets. These findings provide high-precision flow field data crucial for nozzle optimization design.
- background-oriented schlieren tomography /
- supersonic jet flow /
- three-dimensional density field /
- wave structure /
- non-contact measurement

HTML

图 1 背景纹影原理图

Figure 1. Principle of BOS

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图 2 背景纹影散焦模糊示意图

Figure 2. BOS defocusing and blurring

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图 3 背景纹影实验参数与灵敏度和分辨率关系图

Figure 3. Relationship between BOS experiment parameters with sensitivity and resolution

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图 4 三维轴对称高斯射流模拟投影实验设置图

Figure 4. Experimental setup of three-dimensional axisymmetric Gaussian jet simulation projection

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图 5 模拟射流与重构射流中心线对比

Figure 5. Comparison of simulated jet and reconstructed jet at centerline

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图 6 模拟射流和重构射流切片对比

Figure 6. Comparison of simulated jet and reconstructed jet slices

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图 7 轴对称喷管型线（单位：mm）

Figure 7. Contour of the axisymmetric nozzle （unit：mm）

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图 8 轴对称喷管CATIA模型

Figure 8. CATIA model of the axisymmetric nozzle

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图 9 轴对称喷管BOST实验装置

Figure 9. Experimental setup for BOST of the axisymmetric nozzle

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图 10 背景点位移矢量图

Figure 10. Displacement vector of background dots

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图 11 轴对称喷管出口三维密度场切片BOST结果

Figure 11. BOST results of three-dimensional density field slice at the exit of axisymmetric nozzle

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图 12 轴对称喷管出口密度场三维等值面BOST结果

Figure 12. BOST results of three-dimensional iso surface density field at the exit of axisymmetric nozzle

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图 13 BOST数值纹影与传统纹影对比

Figure 13. Comparison between BOST numerical schlieren and traditional schlieren

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图 14 Y=0密度场切片BOST结果与CFD结果对比

Figure 14. Comparison between BOST and CFD results of density field slice at Y=0

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图 15 BOST与CFD结果在轴对称喷管出口中心线上密度数值对比

Figure 15. Comparison of density values between BOST and CFD results on the centerline of axisymmetric nozzle outlet

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