多压电膜包覆式合成射流激励器的结构设计与性能分析

宋磊; 黄焕贞; 汪伟; 方剑

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240713

多压电膜包覆式合成射流激励器的结构设计与性能分析

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240713

宋磊^1,,
黄焕贞¹,
汪伟^1,*, ,,
方剑²

1.
景德镇陶瓷大学机械电子工程学院，江西景德镇 333403
2.
惠州市矩能风动科技有限公司，广东惠州 516000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52065028，52465002）；江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目（GJJ2201031）；江西省科技厅科技计划项目（20232BAB204046）

详细信息

作者简介:
宋磊（1998-），男，硕士生，主要研究领域为合成射流激励器的优化设计。E-mail：songleijcu@163.com

通讯作者:
汪伟（1985-），男，副教授，博士，主要研究领域为机械设计及理论。E-mail：weiwangjcu@163.com

中图分类号: V231.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-17
- 网络出版日期: 2025-08-07

Structural design and performance analysis of multi-piezoelectric film wrapped synthetic jet actuators

SONG Lei^1
,,
HUANG Huanzhen¹,
WANG Wei^{1,*
, ,},
FANG Jian²

1.
School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering，Jingdezhen Ceramic University，Jingdezhen Jiangxi 333403，China
2.
Huizhou Mair Jet Technology Company，Huizhou Guangdong 516000，China

摘要

摘要:
压电式合成射流激励器通过喷口处生成的非定常涡环射流可产生一定推进力，然而其有限的射流能量制约了在飞行器推进系统中的应用，对结构需进行优化设计，以提升其射流性能。通过开展流-固-电多物理场耦合仿真计算，对激励器的瞬态流场特性进行了系统模拟。基于压电振子振动特征分析，提出表面利用率优化指标，进一步设计出多压电膜包覆式合成射流激励器。针对立方体、截角八面体及截角十二面体3种构型，对比分析了振子位移、射流峰值速度、反冲推力、推质比及力效等关键参数，并通过实验验证其性能提升效果。结果表明：立方体、截角八面体和截角十二面体结构的推质比分别为0.38、1.43和5.83，力效分别为0.66、3.0和6.8，证明新型几何构型显著提升了射流强度与能量效率。
- 合成射流激励器 /
- 多物理场耦合 /
- 阿基米德多面体 /
- 结构优化 /
- 推质比 /
- 能量效率
Abstract:
Piezoelectric synthetic jet actuators can generate certain propulsive force through the non-constant vortex ring jets generated at the nozzle, however, their limited jet energy restricts the application in vehicle propulsion systems, so their structures need to be optimally designed to obtain better jet performance. A coupled flow-solid-electric multi-physics field simulation calculation was carried out to systematically simulate the transient flow field characteristics of piezoelectric synthetic jet actuator. Based on the vibration characteristics analysis of piezoelectric oscillator, the surface utilization optimization index was proposed to further design the multi-piezoelectric film wrapped synthetic jet actuator. For the three configurations of cubic, truncated octahedron and truncated dodecahedron, key parameters such as vibrator displacement, peak jet velocity, recoil thrust, thrust-to-weight ratio and force efficiency were comparatively analyzed, and the performance enhancement effect was verified through experiments. The results showed that the thrust-to-weight ratios of the cubic, truncated octahedron and truncated dodecahedron structures were 0.38, 1.43 and 5.83, and the force efficiencies were 0.66, 3.0 and 6.8, respectively, which proved that the new geometrical configurations significantly enhanced the jet strength and energy efficiency.
- synthetic jet actuator /
- multi-physics field coupling /
- Archimedean polyhedron /
- structural optimization /
- thrust-to-weight ratio /
- energy efficiency

HTML

图 1 方体PSJA结构与工作原理示意图（单位：mm）

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the structure and working principle of the square PSJA (unit：mm)

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图 2 方体PSJA计算域示意图（单位：mm）

Figure 2. Schematic of the computational domain of the square PSJA (unit：mm)

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图 3 方体PSJA模型网格划分与无关性分析

Figure 3. Mesh division and irrelevance analysis of square PSJA model

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图 4 边界条件对振子振动特性的影响

Figure 4. Effect of boundary conditions on vibration characteristics of the oscillator

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图 5 方体PSJA仿真云图与射流特性曲线

Figure 5. Square PSJA simulation cloud and jet characteristic curve

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图 6 圆形压电振子参数化模型

Figure 6. Parameterised model of circular piezoelectric oscillator

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图 7 压电射流激励器结构演化过程图

Figure 7. Evolution of the piezoelectric jet actuator structure

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图 8 不同激励器结构参数分析对比

Figure 8. Comparison of structural parameter analysis of different actuators

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图 9 PSJA实验平台

Figure 9. PSJA experimental platform

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图 10 八面体PSJA振子位移仿真与实验对比

Figure 10. Comparison between simulated and experimental displacement of octahedral PSJA oscillator

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图 11 截角八面体激励器复杂涡流形成过程

Figure 11. Complex vortex formation process of the truncated octahedral actuator

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图 12 喷口外中心线上SJ速度特性

Figure 12. SJ velocity characteristics on the outer centerline of the nozzle

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图 13 激励器最佳工作频率及射流特征

Figure 13. Optimal operating frequency and jet characteristics of the actuator

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图 14 激励器射流反冲推力

Figure 14. Actuator jet recoil thrust

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图 15 激励器推质比与力效

Figure 15. Actuator thrust-to-weight ratio and force efficiency

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表 1 不同形状压电振子产生的体积变化量

Table 1. Volume changes produced by piezoelectric oscillators of different shapes

振子类型	b/mm	d_max/μm	ΔV/mm³		误差/ %
振子类型	b/mm	d_max/μm	理论值	仿真值	误差/ %
圆形	18	30	3.047	3.082	1.15
方形				3.192	4.76
六边形				3.127	2.62
十边形				3.086	1.28

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表 2 不同激励器推力实验误差分析表

Table 2. Error analysis table of thrust experiment with different actuators

激励器类型	正弦激励信号	D₀/mm	g/N	F/N	误差/%
方体	120 V/1000 Hz	15	0.023±0.002	0.020±0.003	15.6
截角八面体	120 V/1700 Hz	15	0.146±0.005	0.131±0.011	12.2
截角十二面体	120 V/2000 Hz	17	0.572±0.012	0.513±0.018	14.4

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