端壁运动对串列扩压叶栅气动性能与叶尖流动特性的影响

茅晓晨; 丁志华; 王昀煜; 张鹏; 高丽敏; 刘波

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240737

端壁运动对串列扩压叶栅气动性能与叶尖流动特性的影响

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240737

茅晓晨^{1, 2,},
丁志华^{1, 2},
王昀煜^{1, 2},
张鹏³,
高丽敏^{1, 2},
刘波^{1, 2}

1.
西北工业大学动力与能源学院，西安 710129
2.
四川天府新区西工大先进动力研究院，成都 610299
3.
中国航发湖南动力机械研究所，湖南株洲 412002

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年项目（52106057）；航空科学基金（2022Z060053001）；四川省自然科学基金（2025ZNSFSC1246）；翼型、叶栅空气动力学国家级重点实验室基金（D5150210006，D5050210015）；气动院流动显示与测量重点实验室基金（D5110220177）

详细信息

作者简介:
茅晓晨（1989-），男，副教授、博士生导师，博士，主要从事叶轮机械气动热力学研究。E-mail：maoxiao_chen@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-28
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-16

Effect of endwall movement on aerodynamic performance and tip flow characteristics of tandem diffusion cascades

MAO Xiaochen^{1, 2
,},
DING Zhihua^{1, 2},
WANG Yunyu^{1, 2},
ZHANG Peng³,
GAO Limin^{1, 2},
LIU Bo^{1, 2}

1.
School of Power and Energy，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710129，China
2.
Advanced Power Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University，Tianfu New District，Chengdu 610299，China
3.
Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Zhuzhou Hunan 412002，China

摘要

摘要:
采用数值模拟方法从熵产率、堵塞因子、泄漏流动能分量等角度定量与定性探究了端壁运动对串列扩压叶栅气动性能与叶尖流动特性的影响，主要结论如下：首先，端壁运动后，串列叶栅整体损失降低，叶尖区域堵塞加剧，且气流转折角减小，落后角增大。在−4°～4°攻角范围内，损失降低3.9%以上，堵塞加剧30.4%以上。其次，端壁运动增加了前后叶的泄漏流流量，分别相对增加12.3%与9.9%以上，但降低了缝隙射流流量。同时，端壁运动使得前后叶泄漏流动能比增大，二次流动能占主导地位，前后叶负荷增加，最大压差位置提前，泄漏涡的形态与发展发生改变并抑制了射流涡的形成。此外，端壁运动显著削弱了端壁剪切效应及缝隙射流掺混作用，扩大了前叶泄漏流周向影响范围并造成了二次泄漏，使得前叶熵产大幅降低，而后叶熵产变化较小，前后叶堵塞加剧。端壁运动与攻角的变化对串列叶栅前叶的影响较后叶更大，这主要是缝隙射流调控作用的结果。
- 串列叶栅 /
- 泄漏流 /
- 端壁运动 /
- 剪切效应 /
- 涡系结构
Abstract:
Numerical simulation methods were employed to quantitatively and qualitatively explore the impact of endwall movement on the aerodynamic performance and tip flow characteristics of tandem diffusion cascades from the perspectives of entropy production rate, blockage factor and kinetic energy component of leakage flow. The main conclusions were as follows: firstly, after the endwall movement, the overall loss of tandem cascade was reduced, the blockage in tip area was intensified, and the flow turning angle was decreased, while the lag angle was increased. In the range of −4° to 4° angle of incidence, the loss was reduced by more than 3.9%, and the blockage was increased by more than 30.4%. Secondly, the endwall movement increased the leakage flow of the front and rear blades by 12.3% and 9.9%, respectively, but decreased the gap jet flow. Furthermore, the endwall movement enlarged the ratio of the kinetic energy of the leakage flows of the front and rear blades, with the secondary flow kinetic energy becoming dominant. It also increased the loads on the front and rear blades and made the position of the maximum pressure difference move forward in advance. As a result, the morphology and development of the leakage vortices were changed and the formation of the jet vortices was suppressed. In addition, the endwall movement significantly weakened the endwall shear effect and the mixing effect of the gap jet, expanded the circumferential influence range of the leakage flow of the front blade and caused secondary leakage. This resulted in a significant reduction in the entropy production of the front blade, while the change in the entropy production of the rear blade was relatively small. Moreover, the blockages of both the front and rear blades were intensified. The impact of the endwall movement and the increase in the angle of incidence on the front blade of the tandem cascades was greater than that on the rear blade, which was mainly the result of the regulating effect of the gap jet.
- tandem cascades /
- leakage flow /
- endwall movement /
- shear effect /
- vortex structure

HTML

图 1 单列叶栅和串列叶栅平面示意图

Figure 1. Profiles of the original cascade and the tandem cascade

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图 2 串列叶栅计算域设置

Figure 2. Computational domain of the tandem cascade

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图 3 串列叶栅的网格划分

Figure 3. Mesh of the tandem cascade

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图 4 网格无关性验证

Figure 4. Grid independence validation

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图 5 油流实验和数值模拟的叶片吸力面流动拓扑对比

Figure 5. Comparison of flow topology on the blade suction surface between the oil flow experiment and numerical simulation

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图 6 油流实验和数值模拟的端壁表面流动拓扑对比

Figure 6. Comparison of flow topology on the endwall between the oil flow experiment and numerical simulation

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图 7 实验和数值模拟的总压损失系数云图对比

Figure 7. Comparison of contours of total pressure loss coefficient between the experiment and numerical simulation

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图 8 实验和数值模拟周向质量平均的总压损失系数和出口气流角沿展向分布的对比

Figure 8. Comparison of the pitch-mass-averaged total pressure loss coefficient and outlet flow angle between the experiment and numerical simulation

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图 9 串列叶栅速度分解示意图

Figure 9. Velocity decomposition diagram of tandem cascade

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图 10 不同串列叶栅方案的前叶、后叶与整体熵产图

Figure 10. Entropy generation of the front blade, rear blade and both blades for the two tandem cascade schemes

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图 11 不同串列叶栅方案的前叶、后叶与整体堵塞因子图

Figure 11. Blockage factor of the front blade, rear blade and both blades for the two tandem cascade schemes

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图 12 不同串列叶栅方案的整体气流转折角、总压恢复系数、落后角图

Figure 12. Overall flow turning angle, total pressure recovery coefficient and lag angle of two tandem cascade schemes

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图 13 不同串列叶栅方案泄漏流流量与射流流量的百分比图

Figure 13. Percentage of leakage mass-flow and jet mass-flow of the front blade, rear blade and both blades for the two tandem cascade schemes

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图 14 泄漏流流量与缝隙射流流量计算面示意图

Figure 14. Schematic diagram of calculation surfaces for leakage flow rate and gap jet flow rate

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图 15 不同串列叶栅方案的前叶的泄漏流动能分量与动能比图

Figure 15. Component of kinetic energy and kinetic energy ratio in leakage flow for the two schemes of front blade

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图 16 不同串列叶栅方案的后叶的泄漏流动能分量与动能比图

Figure 16. Component of kinetic energy and kinetic energy ratio in leakage flow for the two schemes of rear blade

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图 17 不同串列叶栅方案在攻角为0°与4°时的无量纲涡量云图

Figure 17. Normalized vorticity contours for the two schemes at the incidence angles of 0° and 4°

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图 18 不同串列叶栅方案在0°与4°攻角的三维流线图

Figure 18. Three-dimensional streamlines for the two schemes at the incidence angles of 0° and 4°

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图 19 不同串列叶栅方案在0.05倍叶高处攻角为0°与4°的压差轴向分布

Figure 19. Pressure difference for the two schemes at the incidence angles of 0° and 4° at the span of 0.05

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图 20 不同串列叶栅方案在0°与4°攻角的熵产云图与堵塞区域图

Figure 20. Entropy-generated cloud maps and blockage area maps for the two schemes at the incidence angles of 0° and 4°

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图 21 不同串列叶栅方案在0°与4°攻角的熵产轴向分布图

Figure 21. Streamwise distribution of entropy generation for the two schemes at the incidence angles of 0° and 4°

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图 22 不同串列叶栅方案在攻角0°与4°的堵塞因子轴向分布图

Figure 22. Streamwise distribution of blockage factor for the two schemes at the incidence angles of 0° and 4°

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表 1 串列叶栅设计参数

Table 1. Design parameters of the tandem cascade

参数	数值
弦长 C/mm	40
展向高度 H/mm	52
栅距 S/mm	22
展弦比 H/C	1.3
叶栅稠度 σ	1.82
安装角 β_s/（°）	22.5
弯角 θ/（°）	48
进口气流角 β₁/（°）	42
进口马赫数 Ma₁	0.67

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表 2 串列叶栅匹配设计参数

Table 2. Design matching parameters of the tandem cascade

参数	定义	数值
轴向重叠度（AO）	Δz/C_FB	0
节距比（PP）	t/s	0.9
弦长比（CR）	C_RB/C_FB	1
弯角比（TR）	θ_RB/θ_FB	2
缝隙流道扩张角K_b-b/（°）	K_b-b=β₁₂−β₂₁	−6

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