大供气流量下航空发动机轴承腔回油特性

汪晓辉; 刘厚林; 李明; 苏媛媛; 王凯; 王勇; 胡宇

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240814

大供气流量下航空发动机轴承腔回油特性

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240814

汪晓辉^1,,
刘厚林^1,,
李明¹,
苏媛媛^{2, 3,*, ,},
王凯¹,
王勇¹,
胡宇¹

1.
江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心，江苏镇江 212013
2.
中国航发沈阳发动机研究所，沈阳 110015
3.
中国航发航空发动机动力传输重点实验室，沈阳 110015

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（J2022-Ⅳ-0003-0020）

详细信息

作者简介:
汪晓辉（1999-），男，硕士生，主要从事航空发动机轴承腔油气两相流研究。E-mail：wxh75191201@163.com

通讯作者:
苏媛媛（1984-），女，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事航空发动机机械系统设计工作。E-mail：ianleelj@qq.com

中图分类号: V233.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-01
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-04

Oil scavenge characteristics of aero-engine bearing chambers under high air supply flow rates

WANG Xiaohui^1
,,
LIU Houlin^1
,,
LI Ming¹,
SU Yuanyuan^{2, 3,*
, ,},
WANG Kai¹,
WANG Yong¹,
HU Yu¹

1.
Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology，Jiangsu University，Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013，China
2.
Shenyang Engine Research Institute，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shenyang 110015，China
3.
Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Technology on Aero-Engine，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shenyang 110015，China

摘要

摘要:
为探究大供气流量下航空发动机轴承腔油气两相介质流动规律及回油特性，基于volume of fluid（VOF）两相流方法建立了轴承腔流动仿真分析模型，分析供气流量参数对腔内油气两相分布的影响。设计并搭建了轴承腔回油特性多物理量同步测试可视化试验台，基于高速摄影技术拍摄了腔内两相流场，验证了数值计算方法的准确性。结果表明：针对所研究轴承腔结构（内径为300 mm，宽度为100 mm），供气流量越大，轴承腔滑油回收量越低，能更快进入稳定状态；回油口滑油占比对大供气流量变化更敏感，供气流量低于16 g/s时，回油口滑油占比下降4.6%，供气流量高于16 g/s后，下降比率大幅提升至14.4%；较高流量的气流造成了腔内的油气掺混现象更加剧烈，加速了滑油从通风口的排出，导致油膜在壁面上分布更稀薄，回油口滑油积聚减少。该研究为轴承腔密封系统进气量的设计提供了一定的参考依据。
- 轴承腔 /
- VOF /
- 供气流量 /
- 油气两相流动 /
- 回油特性
Abstract:
To investigate the flow behavior and oil scavenge characteristics of oil-air two-phase media in aero-engine bearing chambers under high air supply flow rates, a simulation model was developed based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method. This model was used to analyze the impact of air supply flow rate on the oil-air two-phase distribution within the bearing chamber. A synchronized multi-parameter testing rig, equipped with high-speed imaging technology, was constructed to visualize the oil scavenge characteristics and validate the numerical simulation. The results showed that, for the examined bearing chamber geometry (inner diameter 300 mm, axial width 100 mm), increasing the air supply flow rate reduced oil scavenge but allowed the system to stabilize more quickly. The oil proportion at the scavenge outlet was highly sensitive to changes in air supply flow rates. When the air supply flow rate was below 16 g/s, the oil proportion at the scavenge outlet decreased by 4.6%; when it exceeded 16 g/s, the decrease rate sharply rose to 14.4%. Higher air supply flow rates intensified oil-air mixing, accelerated oil discharge through the vent, and led to a thinner oil film on the chamber wall, ultimately reducing oil accumulation at the scavenge outlet. This study could provide a useful reference for the design of air supply parameters in the bearing chamber sealing systems of aero-engines.
- bearing chamber /
- VOF /
- air supply flow rate /
- oil-air two-phase flow /
- oil scavenge characteristics

HTML

图 1 轴承腔三维结构

Figure 1. Three-dimensional structure of the bearing chamber

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图 2 轴承腔计算流体域及网格划分

Figure 2. Computational fluid domain and mesh generation of the bearing chamber

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图 3 网格无关性验证

Figure 3. Mesh independence verification

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图 4 试验系统

Figure 4. Experimental system

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图 5 轴承腔可视化流场采集

Figure 5. Visual flow field acquisition of bearing chamber

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图 6 喷嘴喷射供油

Figure 6. Spray nozzle oil supply

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图 7 供气流量对滑油占比的影响

Figure 7. Influence of air supply flow rate on the proportion of lubricating oil

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图 8 腔内油气分布试验与仿真对比

Figure 8. Comparison between experiment and simulation of oil-air distribution in chamber

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图 9 供气流量对无量纲滑油回收量的影响

Figure 9. Influence of air supply flow rate on the dimensionless oil scavenge

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图 10 供气流量对油气占比的影响

Figure 10. Influence of air supply flow rate on the oil-air proportion

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图 11 压力随供气流量变化曲线

Figure 11. Variation curves of pressure with air supply flow rate

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图 12 低供气流量下轴承腔轴面滑油体积分数分布

Figure 12. Oil volume fraction distribution on the axial plane of the bearing chamber at low air supply flow rates

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图 13 高供气流量下轴承腔轴面滑油体积分数分布

Figure 13. Oil volume fraction distribution on the axial plane of the bearing chamber at high air supply flow rates

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图 14 低供气流量下腔内滑油分布（等值面滑油体积分数为0.2）

Figure 14. Oil distribution inside the chamber at low air supply flow rates （iso-surface oil volume fraction of 0.2）

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图 15 高供气流量下腔内滑油分布（等值面滑油体积分数为0.05）

Figure 15. Oil distribution inside the chamber at high air supply flow rates （iso-surface oil volume fraction of 0.05）

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图 16 不同供气流量下的轴承腔轴面速度分布

Figure 16. Velocity distribution on the axial plane of bearing chamber axial surface at different air supply flow rates

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图 17 轴承腔内不同供气流量下三维流线分布

Figure 17. Three-dimensional streamline distribution inside the chamber at different air supply flow rates

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图 18 不同供气流量下回油/通风口速度曲线

Figure 18. Oil scavenge/vent outlet velocity curves at different air supply flow rates

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表 1 设计轴承腔结构参数

Table 1. Design the structural parameters of the bearing chamber

参数	数值
滑油入口直径/mm	6
空气入口直径/mm	20
回油口直径/mm	32
通风口直径/mm	20
轴承腔内壁直径/mm	300
轴承腔宽度/mm	100
轴承外径/mm	200
轴承内径/mm	100
轴承宽度/mm	20
轴承滚子个数	17

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表 2 试验件结构参数

Table 2. Structural parameters of the test piece mm

参数	数值
喷油口喷嘴直径	6
回油口直径	32
进气口直径	20
轴承腔内壁直径	300
轴承腔宽度	100

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表 3 试验工况设置

Table 3. Experimental condition setting

参数	数值
供油流量/（L/min）	4
供气流量/（g/s）	2～22
轴承转速/（r/min）	1000

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