Experimental study on effects of fuel distribution on combustion instability boundary of bluff-body flames
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摘要:
为研究加力燃烧室中多喷嘴钝体结构下燃料分布改变对钝体火焰的燃烧不稳定性影响，以模型加力燃烧室为研究对象，对不同喷嘴数量、不同进气速度下钝体非预混火焰不稳定燃烧的振荡边界变化规律开展了研究。对试验结果采用FFT频谱、峭度分析以及解构火焰图像等方法进行分析，重点研究了不同喷嘴数量下燃料分布的改变对钝体模型燃烧室振荡边界的影响规律。试验结果表明：随着钝体喷嘴数量的增加，系统由稳定燃烧过渡为振荡状态的临界贫油当量比逐渐提高，并随进气速度的增加也不断提高，极易发生燃烧不稳定现象。此外振荡边界的压力脉动幅值与主频也随喷嘴数量的增加而提高，表明了多喷嘴钝体下火焰结构的改变是模型燃烧室内振荡边界变化的主要诱因。
Abstract:In order to study the influence of fuel distribution change on the combustion instability of bluff-body flame under multi-nozzle bluff-body structure in afterburner, the model afterburner was taken as the research object, and the oscillation boundary variation law of bluff-body non-premixed flame instability combustion under different nozzle numbers and inlet velocities was studied. The test results were analyzed by FFT spectrum, kurtosis analysis and deconstruction of flame images. The influence of fuel distribution on the oscillation boundary of the combustion chamber of the bluff body model under different nozzle numbers was studied. The experimental results showed that with the increase of the number of bluff body nozzles, the critical lean equivalent ratio of the system from stable combustion to oscillating state gradually increased, and also increased with the inlet velocity, which was prone to combustion instability. In addition, the pressure fluctuation amplitude and dominant frequency of the oscillation boundary also increased with the increase of the number of nozzles, indicating that the change of the flame structure under the multi-nozzle bluff body mainly caused the change of the oscillation boundary in the model combustion chamber.
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图 3 不同燃烧状态下动态压力信号分析
Figure 3. Analysis of dynamic pressure signals under different combustion states
图 4 4排孔钝体在不同当量比下压力脉动时域图
Figure 4. Time domain diagram of pressure fluctuation of four-row-hole bluff body at different equivalence ratios
图 5 4排孔钝体在不同当量比下压力脉动频谱图
Figure 5. Pressure fluctuation spectrum of four-row-hole bluff body at different equivalence ratios
图 6 不同喷嘴数量钝体在不同进气速度下的燃烧状态分布散点图
Figure 6. Scatter plots of combustion state distribution of bluff bodies with different number of nozzles at different inlet velocities
图 7 不同工况下模型燃烧室振荡边界变化
Figure 7. Oscillation boundary changes of the model combustion chamber under different parameters
图 8 不同工况下模型燃烧室振荡边界振荡主频变化
Figure 8. Change of oscillation frequency at the oscillation boundary of model combustion chamber under different parameters
图 9 不同钝体在不同当量比下的CH*火焰图像
Figure 9. CH* flames images of different bluff bodies at various equivalence ratios
图 10 不同钝体火焰释热率分布曲线（φ=0.037）
Figure 10. Flame heat release rate distribution curves of different bluff bodies （φ=0.037）
图 11 4个不同钝体在φ=0.037时动态压力时域图、频谱图、相空间分布和概率密度函数（振荡燃烧状态）
Figure 11. Dynamic pressure time domain diagram, frequency spectrum, phase space distribution and probability density function of four different bluff bodies at φ=0.037 （oscillating combustion state）
图 12 不同钝体相平均CH*火焰图像与释热曲线（φ=0.037）
Figure 12. Phase averaged CH* flame images and heat release curve of different bluff bodies （φ=0.037）
图 13 不同钝体前四阶POD分解结果（φ=0.037）
Figure 13. Decomposition results of the first four order POD in different bluff bodies （φ=0.037）
图 14 不同钝体第一、三阶模态功率谱密度图（φ=0.037）
Figure 14. Power spectral density of the first and third modes of different bluff bodies （φ=0.037）
图 15 不同进气速度下的振荡边界变化
Figure 15. Oscillation boundary changes at different inlet velocities
图 16 不同钝体振荡边界下第一、二阶模态功率谱密度图及动态压力频谱图
Figure 16. Power spectral density and dynamic pressure spectrum of the first and second order modal under oscillating boundary of different bluff bodies
表 1 喷嘴结构参数
Table 1. Structural parameters of nozzles
钝体编号 喷嘴排数n 喷嘴孔径D/mm 喷嘴间距L/mm B1 3 1.5 5.5 B2 4 1.5 5.5 B3 5 1.5 5.5 B4 6 1.5 5.5 
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表 2 试验工况表
Table 2. Operating parameters of the experiment
工况编号 钝体编号 喷嘴排数n 进气速度u/（m/s） 当量比φ 温度/K 压力/MPa Ⅰ B1 3 9～12
（间隔1）0.03～0.14 常温 常压 Ⅱ B2 4 0.03～0.16 Ⅲ B3 5 0.03～0.16 Ⅳ B4 6 0.03～0.22
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