掺氢预混燃烧室动态压力特性试验与数值模拟

梁红侠; 黄文朴; 巨翃宇; 索建秦; 高家春

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250095

掺氢预混燃烧室动态压力特性试验与数值模拟

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250095

梁红侠^{1, 2, 3,},
黄文朴¹,
巨翃宇¹,
索建秦¹,
高家春⁴

1.
西北工业大学动力与能源学院，西安 710129
2.
中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院高空模拟技术重点实验室，四川绵阳 621000
3.
西北工业大学陕西省航空动力系统热科学重点实验室，西安 710129
4.
中国航发燃气轮机有限公司，沈阳 110015

基金项目: 中国航空发动机集团产学研合作项目（HFZL2021CXY002-2）；国家自然科学基金重点项目（12232002）

详细信息

作者简介:
梁红侠（1979-），女，副教授，博士，主要从事燃气轮机燃烧技术研究。E-mail：hx_liang@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-26
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-23

Experimental and numerical study on dynamic pressure characteristics in hydrogen blending premixed combustor

1.
School of Power and Energy，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710129，China
2.
Science and Technology Altitude Simulation Laboratory，Sichuan Gas Turbine Research Institute，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Mianyang Sichuan 621000，China
3.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Thermal Sciences in Aero-engine System，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710129，China
4.
Gas Turbine Company，Limited，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shenyang 110015，China

摘要

摘要:
氢燃料因其具有零碳可再生的优势目前是燃气轮机的重要研究方向，但由于氢能燃烧化学反应速率快、燃烧速度高，容易引发热声振荡现象。为探究天然气掺氢预混燃烧室声学特性，针对不同掺氢比与湍流脉动速度下燃烧室内的动态压力进行了试验测量与数值计算。研究表明：试验工况下，在掺氢比例从0%增至30%的过程中，随着氢气混合比例的提升，燃烧室内的动态压力主频保持在70 Hz至76 Hz的范围内，而当掺氢比例达到40%时，动态压力脉动主频从75.36 Hz跃升到197 Hz，出现模态转换现象。随着湍流脉动速度的提高，动态压力振荡频率逐渐提高。数值计算工况下，随着掺氢比例的增加，燃烧室内的高频动态压力基本呈现逐渐提高的趋势，OH基分布基本呈现向外扩散的趋势，不同掺氢比例下燃烧室内涡团均由旋转模式向涡脱落模式转化，纯氢燃烧中的离散涡团破碎显著高于其他掺氢比例方案，该趋势与OH基分布随掺氢比例的变化规律一致。
- 燃气轮机 /
- 掺氢燃料 /
- 预混燃烧室 /
- 燃烧不稳定 /
- 动态压力试验
Abstract:
Hydrogen fuel is currently an important research direction for gas turbines due to its advantages of zero carbon emissions and renewability. However, due to the fast chemical reaction rate and high combustion velocity of hydrogen, thermoacoustic oscillations can be easily triggered. To investigate the acoustic characteristics of the natural gas hydrogen premixed combustor, experimental measurements and numerical calculations were conducted on the dynamic pressure inside the combustor under different hydrogen blending ratios and turbulent pulsation velocities. The results showed that under the test conditions, during the process of increasing the hydrogen blending ratio from 0% to 30%, as the hydrogen blending ratio increased, the main frequency of dynamic pressure in the combustor remained within the range of 70 Hz to 76 Hz. However, when the hydrogen blending ratio reached 40%, the main frequency of dynamic pressure pulsation jumped from 75.36 Hz to 197 Hz, indicating a mode transition phenomenon. With the increase of turbulent pulsation velocity, the frequency of dynamic pressure oscillation gradually increased. Under numerical calculation conditions, with the increase of hydrogen blending ratio, the high-frequency dynamic pressure inside the combustor showed a gradually increasing trend, and the distribution of OH radicals showed a trend of outward diffusion. Under different hydrogen blending ratios, the vortex clusters in the combustor transformed from rotation mode to vortex shedding mode. The discrete vortex cluster fragmentation in pure hydrogen combustion was significantly higher than that in other hydrogen blending ratio schemes, which was consistent with the variation of OH radical distribution with hydrogen blending ratio.
- gas turbine /
- hydrogen blending fuel /
- premixed combustor /
- combustion instability /
- dynamic pressure experiment

HTML

图 1 掺氢预混燃烧室结构

Figure 1. Hydrogen-enriched fuel premixed combustor structure

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图 2 试验系统示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of combustor test rig system

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图 3 掺氢预混燃烧室试验平台

Figure 3. Picture of combustor test rig system

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图 4 动态压力测点位置（单位：mm）

Figure 4. Location of dynamic pressure measurement points（unit：mm）

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图 5 不同掺氢比例测点1处动态压力脉动频谱图

Figure 5. Dynamic pressure pulsation spectrum at point 1 under different hydrogen blending ratios

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图 6 掺氢比例为50%的动态压力测量结果

Figure 6. Realtime dynamic pressure data under 50% hydrogen blending ratio

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图 7 掺氢比例为50%时的各测点动态压力频谱图

Figure 7. Dynamic pressure pulsation spectrum at different measurement points under 50% hydrogen blending ratio

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图 8 不同试验工况下燃烧室OH基场分布

Figure 8. Distribution of OH radical field in the combustion chamber under different experimental conditions

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图 9 不同湍流脉动速度各测点动态压力频谱图

Figure 9. Dynamic pressure pulsation spectrum of dynamic pressure at different measurement points under different turbulent fluctuation velocities

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图 10 燃烧室物理模型

Figure 10. Physical model of combustor

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图 11 燃烧室网格划分截面图

Figure 11. Combustor mesh cross-section diagram

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图 12 不同网格数的轴向速度计算结果

Figure 12. Axial velocity calculation results with different grid numbers

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图 13 数值计算验证

Figure 13. Numerical calculation validation

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图 14 不同掺氢比例下动态压力脉动频谱图

Figure 14. Dynamic pressure pulsation spectrum under different hydrogen blending ratios

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图 15 不同掺氢比例下时域声压图

Figure 15. Time-domain sound pressure diagrams under different hydrogen blending ratios

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图 16 不同数值计算工况下燃烧室OH基场分布

Figure 16. Distribution of OH radical field in the combustion chamber under different numerical conditions

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图 17 不同掺氢比例下轴向速度与涡结构云图

Figure 17. Axial velocity and vortex structure contour plots under different hydrogen blending ratios

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表 1 试验工况表

Table 1. Test condition table

序号	掺氢比例/%	湍流脉动速度/（m/s）	质量流量/（g/s）
序号	掺氢比例/%	湍流脉动速度/（m/s）	天然气	空气
1	0	0.12	0.70	19.82
2	10	0.12	0.67	19.82
3	20	0.12	0.63	19.82
4	30	0.12	0.59	19.82
5	40	0.12	0.55	19.82
6	50	0.12	0.49	19.82
7	30	0.10	0.47	15.82
8	30	0.14	0.71	23.79

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表 2 数值仿真工况表

Table 2. Numerical simulation operating condition table

序号	掺氢比例/%	质量流量/（g/s）
序号	掺氢比例/%	天然气	氢气流量
1	0	9.18	0
2	30	8.2	0.41
3	50	7.17	0.84
4	70	5.55	1.51
5	85	3.55	2.35
6	100	0	3.83

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