Study on the influence of aerodynamic and working parameters on the tangential effusion cooling combustor performance
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摘要:
为了满足高温升高热负荷燃烧室火焰筒热防护需求，建立了应用切向发散冷却技术的单管燃烧室模型，采用热流固耦合的方法，开展了进气温度、进气压力以及油气比参数变化对火焰筒壁温及冷却性能影响的数值模拟研究。结果表明，进气温度越高，冷却气膜覆盖有效性有所降低，发散小孔内和火焰筒外壁面传热强度降低，平均综合冷效下降，壁面温度和壁温梯度有所升高。本文工况下，进气压力的变化对火焰筒近壁面流动和传热的影响较小，发散冷却有效性差别不大，在冷却空气占比仅约19%，油气比达到0.042，燃烧室温升接近1300K的高热负荷条件下，火焰筒平均综合冷效依然在70%～90%的较高水平，证明良好的切向发散冷却设计有很大潜力满足更高温升燃烧室的热防护需求。
Abstract:To address the thermal protection requirements of combustor liners under high-temperature and elevated heat loads, the single-tube combustor model incorporating tangential effusion cooling technology was developed. A conjugate heat transfer analysis was employed to numerically investigate the influence of varying inlet temperature, inlet pressure, and fuel-air ratio on liner wall temperature and cooling performance. The results show that the higher inlet temperatures reduced cooling film coverage effectiveness, weakened heat transfer intensity within effusion holes and on the outer liner wall, decreased average integrated cooling efficiency, and increased both wall temperature and thermal gradients. Under the condition of this paper, variations in inlet pressure exhibited minimal influence on near-wall flow and heat transfer, with negligible differences in effusion cooling effectiveness. Under extreme conditions that the proportion of cooling air is only about 19%, fuel-air ratio of 0.042, and combustor temperature rise approaching
1300 K), the liner maintained a high average integrated cooling efficiency of 70%—90%, demonstrating the significant potential of optimized tangential effusion cooling designs for next-generation ultra-high-temperature combustors. -
图 6 火焰筒壁温计算值与试验值对比
Figure 6. Comparison between calculated and test values of liner wall temperature
图 9 不同横截面燃烧室温度场分布
Figure 9. Temperature field distribution of combustor with different cross section
图 10 不同进气温度下火焰筒壁温分布
Figure 10. Liner wall temperature distribution of different inlet temperature cases
图 11 不同进气温度下沿轴向的周向平均壁温分布
Figure 11. Circumferential average wall temperature distribution along the axial direction at different inlet temperature cases
图 12 不同进气温度下火焰筒综合冷却效率对比
Figure 12. Comparison of liner overall cooling efficiency of different inlet temperature cases
图 13 壁温梯度计算线所在位置图
Figure 13. Position diagram of wall temperature gradient calculation line
图 14 不同进气温度下壁温梯度对比
Figure 14. Wall temperature gradient of different inlet temperature cases
图 15 不同进气温度下近壁面氧气质量分数分布
Figure 15. Near wall oxygen mass fraction distribution of different inlet temperature cases
图 16 不同进气压力下火焰筒壁温分布
Figure 16. Liner wall temperature distribution of different inlet pressure cases
图 17 不同进气压力下沿轴向的周向平均壁温分布
Figure 17. Circumferential average wall temperature distribution along the axial direction at different inlet pressure cases
图 18 不同进气压力下综合冷却效率对比
Figure 18. Comparison of overall cooling efficiency of different inlet pressure cases
图 19 不同进气压力下壁温梯度对比
Figure 19. Wall temperature gradient of different inlet pressure cases
图 20 不同进气压力下近壁面氧气质量分数分布
Figure 20. Near wall oxygen mass fraction distribution of different inlet pressure cases
图 22 不同油气比下沿轴向的周向平均壁温分布
Figure 22. Circumferential average wall temperature distribution along the axial direction at different FAR cases
图 23 不同油气比下综合冷却效率对比
Figure 23. Comparison of overall cooling efficiency of different FAR cases
图 24 不同油气比下火焰筒壁温梯度对比
Figure 24. Liner wall temperature gradient of different FAR cases
图 25 不同油气比下近壁面氧气质量分数分布
Figure 25. Near wall oxygen mass fraction distribution of different FAR cases
表 1 各排孔沿周向排布设计参数
Table 1. Circumferential arrangement design parameters of each row of holes
排数 Nc S/mm 1～5 60 11.41 6～7 75 9.13 8～9 100 6.85 10～29 120 5.70 30～33 100 6.85 34～35 130 5.27 36～40 90 7.61 41～45 70 9.78 
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表 2 基准工况参数表
Table 2. Reference operating condition parameters
参数 数值 空气流量/（kg/s） 4.8875 燃油流量/（kg/s） 0.1906 进气温度/K 900 进气压力/MPa 3.0424 主模燃油占比/% 86 副模燃油占比/% 14
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表 3 燃烧性能参数对比
Table 3. Comparison of the combustion performance
参数 试验 数值 相对误差/% $ \xi $/% 3.92 3.84 2.04 $ {\eta }_{\text{c}} $/% 99.86 99.67 0.20 T4av/K 1794 1777 0.95
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表 4 不同进气温度条件下冷却空气比例和壁面温度对比
Table 4. Comparison of cooling air ratio and wall temperature of different inlet temperature cases
T3/K ϕ/% Tw-ave/K Tw-max/K 700 18.88 840 963 800 18.83 948 1092 900 18.83 1056 1196
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表 5 不同进气温度条件下壁面平均传热参数
Table 5. Average wall heat transfer parameters of different inlet temperature cases
参数 T3=700 K T3=800 K T3=900 K q/（W·m −2） 179793 200104 218479 k/（W/（m2·K）） 1275 1321 1372
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表 6 不同进气压力条件下冷气占比和壁面温度对比
Table 6. Comparison of cooling air ratio and wall temperature of different inlet pressure cases
p3/Mpa ϕ/% Tavew/K Tmaxw/K 2.50 18.79 1055 1197 3.04 18.83 1056 1196 3.50 18.81 1055 1193
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表 7 不同油气比下冷却空气比例和壁面温度对比
Table 7. Comparison of cooling air ratio and wall temperature of different FAR cases
FAR ϕ/% Tavew/K Tmaxw/K 0.036 18.82 1047 1187 0.039 18.83 1056 1196 0.042 18.81 1061 1205
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表 8 不同油气比下壁面平均传热参数
Table 8. Average wall heat transfer parameters of different FAR cases
参数 0.036 0.039 0.042 q/（W·m−2） 208228 218479 224424 k/（W/（m2·K）） 1371 1372 1376
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