芳香烃含量对涡轴发动机排气污染影响的试验研究

资海林; 赵腾; 黄开明; 张阳; 马瑛; 李维; 吕诗宇

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250230

芳香烃含量对涡轴发动机排气污染影响的试验研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250230

1.
中国航发湖南动力机械研究所，湖南株洲 412002
2.
中国人民解放军 32382部队，北京 100163

详细信息

作者简介:
资海林（1980-），男，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事航空发动机测试方面的研究。E-mail：zihailin150@163.com

中图分类号: V231.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 120
- HTML浏览量: 92
- PDF量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-15
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-02

Experimental testing on influence of aromatic hydrocarbon content on exhaust emission of turboshaft engine

1.
Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Zhuzhou Hunan 412002，China
2.
Unit 32382 of People’s Liberation Army，Beijing 100163，China

摘要

摘要:
为获取某型涡轴发动机排气污染水平及芳香烃含量对排气污染的影响，通过在RP-3航空煤油中添加甲苯（C₆H₅CH₃）获得不同芳香烃含量，开展了涡轴发动机的排气污染测量试验。结果表明：随着发动机功率状态的增加，一氧化碳（CO）排放指数显著降低，未燃碳氢化合物（UHC）排放指数接近于0，氮氧化物（NOx）排放指数逐渐提高，冒烟数逐渐增大。芳香烃体积分数增加3.5%，在起飞状态和最大连续状态下，冒烟数变化程度小于10.3%；燃烧效率、CO和NOx排放指数变化程度小于5%。经过数据可信度分析，油气比最大相对偏差为4.2%，优于规范指标要求，验证了所设计建设的排气污染测量系统和试验的可靠性，为评估燃油中芳香烃含量对航空发动机排气污染的影响提供了依据。
- 芳香烃体积分数 /
- 涡轴发动机 /
- 功率状态 /
- 排气污染测量 /
- 冒烟数 /
- 排放指数
Abstract:
In order to obtain the exhaust emission level and the influence of aromatic hydrocarbon content on exhaust emission of turboshaft engine, different aromatic hydrocarbon contents were obtained by adding toluene (C₆H₅CH₃) to RP-3 aviation kerosene, and the exhaust emission measurement experiment of the turboshaft engine was carried out. Result showed that, with the increase of engine power state, the emission index of CO decreased significantly, the emission index of UHC approached to 0, the emission index of NOx gradually increased, and the smoke number increases gradually. The volume fraction of aromatic hydrocarbons increased by 3.5%, in the take-off state and the maximum continuous state, the degree of change in Smoke Number was less than 10.3%, and the variation degree of combustion efficiency and emission index of CO and NOx was less than 5%. Through the analysis of data credibility, the maximum relative deviation of the oil-gas ratio was 4.2%, which was better than the specification requirements. This verified the reliability of the designed and built exhaust emission measurement system and test, providing a basis for evaluating the impact of aromatic hydrocarbon content in fuel on the exhaust emission of aero engines.
- aromatic hydrocarbon volume fraction /
- turboshaft engine /
- power state /
- exhaust emission measurement /
- smoke number /
- emission index

HTML

图 1 排烟测量单元示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of smoke exhaust measurement unit

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 燃气取样探针与尾喷管安装布置图

Figure 2. Installation layout diagram of gas sampling probe and tail nozzle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 排气污染试验谱

Figure 3. Test procedure of exhaust emissions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 排烟试验结果

Figure 4. Smoke exhaust test results

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 过滤纸颜色变化情况（芳香烃体积分数为0.170）

Figure 5. Color change of filter paper （aromatic hydrocarbon volume fraction of 0.170）

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 芳香烃体积分数对η的影响

Figure 6. Effect of aromatic hydrocarbon volume fraction on η

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 芳香烃体积分数对I_EI（CO）的影响

Figure 7. Effect of aromatic hydrocarbon volume fraction on I_EI（CO）

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 芳香烃体积分数对I_EI（UHC）的影响

Figure 8. Effect of aromatic hydrocarbon volume fraction on I_EI（UHC）

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 芳香烃体积分数对I_EI（NOx）的影响

Figure 9. Effect of aromatic hydrocarbon volume fraction on I_EI（NOx）

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 燃烧室与整机排气污染试验结果对比

Figure 10. Comparison of exhaust pollution test results between the combustion and the whole engine

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 排烟测量单元主要参数测量范围与精度

Table 1. Measurement range and accuracy of smoke exhaust measurement unit

测量参数	测量范围	精度
反射率	0～100	±1.5%
样气压力/MPa	0～0.5	±0.2%
样气温度/℃	0～200	±1℃
样气流量/（L/min）	5～20	±5%

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 气体分析仪的测量范围与精度

Table 2. Measurement range and accuracy of gas analyze

测量参数	测量范围	精度
CO体积分数/10⁻⁶	0～2500	±1.0%
CO₂体积分数/10⁻²	0～10	±1.0%
UHC体积分数/10⁻⁶	0～10	±5.0%
	10～100	±2.0%
	100～5000	±1.0%
NOx体积分数/10⁻⁶	0～3000	±1.0%
NO体积分数/10⁻⁶	0～3000	±1.0%
O₂体积分数/10⁻²	0～25	±1.0%
H₂O露点温度/℃	−20～20	±0.3℃

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 油气比对比结果

Table 3. Comparisons result of fuel-air ratio

功率状态	流量法油气比	燃气分析法油气比	相对偏差/%
地面慢车	0.0142	0.0147	3.5
巡航	0.0200	0.0208	4.0
最大连续	0.0230	0.0238	3.5
起飞	0.0236	0.0246	4.2

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(26)

[1]	张呈林, 郭才根. 直升机总体设计[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2006: 1-10. ZHANG Chenglin, GUO Caigen. Overall design of helicopter[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2006: 1-10. (in Chinese ZHANG Chenglin, GUO Caigen. Overall design of helicopter[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2006: 1-10. (in Chinese)
[2]	International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Annex 16-environmental protection: Volume II aircraft engine emissions: 978-92-9258-328-6[S]. 4th ed. Montreal, Canada: International Civil Aviation Organization, 2017: 1-174.
[3]	国家国防科技工业局. 航空燃气涡轮发动机排气冒烟测量方法: HB6116-2020[S]. 北京: 中国航空综合技术研究所, 2020: 1-11. The State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. Measurement method for exhaust smoke from aviation gas turbine engines: HB6116-2020[S]. Beijing: China Aviation Comprehensive Technology Research Institute, 2020: 1-11. (in Chinese The State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. Measurement method for exhaust smoke from aviation gas turbine engines: HB6116-2020[S]. Beijing: China Aviation Comprehensive Technology Research Institute, 2020: 1-11. (in Chinese)
[4]	国家国防科技工业局. 航空燃气涡轮发动机气态污染物的连续取样及测量方法: HB6117-2020[S]. 北京: 中国航空综合技术研究所, 2020: 1-18. The State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. Continuous sampling and measurement method for Gaseous pollutants in Aviation Gas turbine engines: HB6117-2020[S]. Beijing: China Aviation Comprehensive Technology Research Institute, 2020: 1-18. (in Chinese The State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. Continuous sampling and measurement method for Gaseous pollutants in Aviation Gas turbine engines: HB6117-2020[S]. Beijing: China Aviation Comprehensive Technology Research Institute, 2020: 1-18. (in Chinese)
[5]	RIESMEIER E, HONNET S, PETERS N. Flamelet modeling of pollutant formation in a gas turbine combustion chamber using detailed chemistry for a kerosene model fuel[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2004, 126(4): 899-905. doi: 10.1115/1.1787507
[6]	PATTERSON P M, KYNE A G, POURKASHANIAN M, et al. Combustion of kerosene in counterflow diffusion flames[J]. Journal of Propulsion and Power, 2001, 17(2): 453-460. doi: 10.2514/2.5764
[7]	王华芳, 林宇震, 刘高恩. 高压燃烧试验中气体污染物的测量[J]. 燃气涡轮试验与研究, 2000, 13(2): 45-49. WANG Huafang, LIN Yuzhen, LIU Gaoen. Measurement of gas pollutants in high pressure combustion test[J]. Gas Turbine Experiment and Research, 2000, 13(2): 45-49. (in Chinese WANG Huafang, LIN Yuzhen, LIU Gaoen. Measurement of gas pollutants in high pressure combustion test[J]. Gas Turbine Experiment and Research, 2000, 13(2): 45-49. (in Chinese)
[8]	王华芳, 刘高恩, 林宇震. 高压燃烧室的冒烟测量[J]. 燃气涡轮试验与研究, 2001, 14(3): 34-37. WANG Huafang, LIU Gaoen, LIN Yuzhen. Smoke measurement in high pressure combustor[J]. Gas Turbine Experiment and Research, 2001, 14(3): 34-37. (in Chinese WANG Huafang, LIU Gaoen, LIN Yuzhen. Smoke measurement in high pressure combustor[J]. Gas Turbine Experiment and Research, 2001, 14(3): 34-37. (in Chinese)
[9]	李健身, 甘志文, 韩伟东. 正十六烷及丁基苯对燃烧排气冒烟影响的试验研究[J]. 工程与试验, 2017, 57(1): 89-96. LI Jianshen, GAN Zhiwen, HAN Weidong. Experimental research on effect of n-hexadecane and butyl benzene on exhaust smoke of combustion[J]. Engineering and Test, 2017, 57(1): 89-96. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3407.2017.01.024 LI Jianshen, GAN Zhiwen, HAN Weidong. Experimental research on effect of n-hexadecane and butyl benzene on exhaust smoke of combustion[J]. Engineering and Test, 2017, 57(1): 89-96. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3407.2017.01.024
[10]	李宇航, 张弛, 王建臣, 等. 预燃级对TeLESS Ⅱ燃烧室冒烟排放的影响[J]. 航空动力学报, 2018, 33(10): 2424-2433. LI Yuhang, ZHANG Chi, WANG Jianchen, et al. Effect of pilot strutures on smoke emissions in the TeLESS Ⅱ combustor[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2018, 33(10): 2424-2433. (in Chinese LI Yuhang, ZHANG Chi, WANG Jianchen, et al. Effect of pilot strutures on smoke emissions in the TeLESS Ⅱ combustor[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2018, 33(10): 2424-2433. (in Chinese)
[11]	BRUNDISH K D, MILLER M N, WILSON C W, et al. Measurement of smoke particle size and distribution within a gas turbine combustor[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2005, 127(2): 286-294. doi: 10.1115/1.1839921
[12]	吴施志, 黄开明, 刘伟, 等. 芳香烃对涡轴发动机排气冒烟影响的试验[J]. 航空动力学报, 2019, 34(5): 1094-1100. WU Shizhi, HUANG Kaiming, LIU Wei, et al. Test on influence of aromatic hydrocarbons on smoke emission characteristics in turboshaft engine[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2019, 34(5): 1094-1100. (in Chinese WU Shizhi, HUANG Kaiming, LIU Wei, et al. Test on influence of aromatic hydrocarbons on smoke emission characteristics in turboshaft engine[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2019, 34(5): 1094-1100. (in Chinese)
[13]	王明瑞, 刘春宇. 航空发动机气态污染物及冒烟的测量[J]. 航空发动机, 2008, 34(1): 35-37. WANG Mingrui, LIU Chunyu. Measurement of gaseous pollutant and smoke from an aeroengine[J]. Aeroengine, 2008, 34(1): 35-37. (in Chinese WANG Mingrui, LIU Chunyu. Measurement of gaseous pollutant and smoke from an aeroengine[J]. Aeroengine, 2008, 34(1): 35-37. (in Chinese)
[14]	国家市场监督管理总局国家标准化管理委员会. 3号喷气燃料: GB 6537-2018[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2018: 1-14. Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. No. 3 jet fuel: GB 6537-2018[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2018: 1-14. (in Chinese Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. No. 3 jet fuel: GB 6537-2018[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2018: 1-14. (in Chinese)
[15]	贾文杰, 刘涛, 杨蓓洁, 等. 某型涡喷发动机排气排出物测量研究[J]. 中国测试, 2023, 49(12): 35-40. JIA Wenjie, LIU Tao, YANG Beijie, et al. Research on turbojet engine emissions test[J]. China Measurement and Test, 2023, 49(12): 35-40. (in Chinese JIA Wenjie, LIU Tao, YANG Beijie, et al. Research on turbojet engine emissions test[J]. China Measurement and Test, 2023, 49(12): 35-40. (in Chinese)
[16]	SAFFARIPOUR M, ZABETI P, KHOLGHY M, et al. An experimental comparison of the sooting behavior of synthetic jet fuels[J]. Energy and Fuels, 2011, 25(12): 5584-5593. doi: 10.1021/ef201219v
[17]	ZHENG Lukai, LING Chenxing, UBOGU E A, et al. Effects of alternative fuel properties on particulate matter produced in a gas turbine combustor[J]. Energy and Fuels, 2018, 32(9): 9883-9897. doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b01442
[18]	郑璐恺, 朱彦澄, 周亚波. 芳香烃种类及含量对航空发动机燃烧的排放影响[J]. 航空动力学报, 2021, 36(6): 1244-1252. ZHENG Lukai, ZHU Yancheng, ZHOU Yabo. Effect of aromatic hydrocarbon type and content on combustion emission of aeroengine[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2021, 36(6): 1244-1252. (in Chinese ZHENG Lukai, ZHU Yancheng, ZHOU Yabo. Effect of aromatic hydrocarbon type and content on combustion emission of aeroengine[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2021, 36(6): 1244-1252. (in Chinese)
[19]	AGOSTA A, CERNANSKY N P, MILLER D L, et al. Reference components of jet fuels: kinetic modeling and experimental results[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2004, 28(7): 701-708. doi: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2003.12.006
[20]	刘国柱, 沈慧明, 曲海杰, 等. 喷气燃料的化学组成与理化性质的定量关系研究[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2007, 35(6): 737-742. LIU Guozhu, SHEN Huiming, QU Haijie, et al. Chemical composition-property relation of jet fuels[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2007, 35(6): 737-742. (in Chinese LIU Guozhu, SHEN Huiming, QU Haijie, et al. Chemical composition-property relation of jet fuels[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2007, 35(6): 737-742. (in Chinese)
[21]	《航空发动机设计手册》总编委会. 航空发动机设计手册: 第1分册通用基础[M]. 北京: 航空工业出版社, 2006. Chief Editorial Board of Aeroengine Design Manual. Aeroengine design manual: Volume 1 general foundation [M]. Beijing: Aviation Industry Press, 2006. (in Chinese Chief Editorial Board of Aeroengine Design Manual. Aeroengine design manual: Volume 1 general foundation [M]. Beijing: Aviation Industry Press, 2006. (in Chinese)
[22]	郑剑文, 万卜铭, 曾琦, 等. 可持续航空燃料对喷嘴雾化特性和燃烧室性能的影响[J]. 航空动力学报, 2025, 40(1): 20240427. ZHENG Jianwen, WAN Buming, ZENG Qi, et al. Influence of sustainable aviation fuel on nozzle atomization characteristics and combustion chamber performance[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2025, 40(1): 20240427. (in Chinese ZHENG Jianwen, WAN Buming, ZENG Qi, et al. Influence of sustainable aviation fuel on nozzle atomization characteristics and combustion chamber performance[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2025, 40(1): 20240427. (in Chinese)
[23]	E-31 Engine Aircraft Exhaust Emissions Committee. ARP1533C procedure for the analysis and evaluation of gaseous emissions from aircraft engines: SAE ARP1533C-2016[S]. Dearborn, US: SAE International, 2016: 1-44.
[24]	任广旭, 王琦. 实验室条件下航空发动机冒烟问题研究[J]. 工程与试验, 2009, 49(2): 30-33. REN Guangxu, WANG Qi. Study on smoking of aero-engine under the laboratory condition[J]. Engineering and Test, 2009, 49(2): 30-33. (in Chinese REN Guangxu, WANG Qi. Study on smoking of aero-engine under the laboratory condition[J]. Engineering and Test, 2009, 49(2): 30-33. (in Chinese)
[25]	于小兵, 陈思, 何小民, 等. RP-5和RP-3燃油对离心喷嘴雾化特性影响分析[J]. 航空动力学报, 2023, 38(5): 1058-1066. YU Xiaobing, CHEN Si, HE Xiaomin, et al. Effects analysis of RP-3 and RP-5 fuels on atomization characteristics of pressure-swirl atomizer[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2023, 38(5): 1058-1066. (in Chinese YU Xiaobing, CHEN Si, HE Xiaomin, et al. Effects analysis of RP-3 and RP-5 fuels on atomization characteristics of pressure-swirl atomizer[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2023, 38(5): 1058-1066. (in Chinese)
[26]	吴施志, 曹俊. 涡轴涡桨发动机燃烧室先进技术[M]. 北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社, 2022. WU Shizhi, CAO Jun. Advanced technology of turboprop and turboshaft engine combustor[M]. Beijing: Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Press, 2022. (in Chinese WU Shizhi, CAO Jun. Advanced technology of turboprop and turboshaft engine combustor[M]. Beijing: Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Press, 2022. (in Chinese)