SR20飞机起落架减震器O/X形橡胶密封圈密封性能对比及优化

谭德强; 古一; 姜灏; 梁泽凯; 贺强; 胡月; 王欣

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250274

SR20飞机起落架减震器O/X形橡胶密封圈密封性能对比及优化

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250274

谭德强^1,,
古一¹,
姜灏¹,
梁泽凯²,
贺强¹,
胡月¹,
王欣³

1.
中国民用航空飞行学院航空工程学院，四川广汉 618307
2.
中国航空工业集团有限公司成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司，成都 610091
3.
中国民用航空飞行学院计算机学院，四川广汉 618307

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52105132，52205239）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（25CAFUC01002，24CAFUC04006）；四川省科技计划资助（2025YFHZ0309）；四川省通用航空器维修工程技术研究中心资助课题（GAMRC2023ZD04）

详细信息

作者简介:
谭德强（1989-），男，副教授，博士，主要从事航空器关键零部件服役行为和适航验证技术研究。E-mail：tdqtx2@163.com

中图分类号: V258.5；TH117.1
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- 文章访问数: 617
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-06-06
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-27

Comparison and optimization of sealing performance between O-ring and X-ring rubber seals for SR20 aircraft landing gear shock absorber

1.
College of Aviation Engineering，Civil Aviation Flight University of China，Guanghan Sichuan 618307，China
2.
Chengdu Aircraft Industrial (Group) Corporation，Limited，Aviation Industry Corporation of China，Chengdu 610091，China
3.
School of Computer Science，Civil Aviation Flight University of China，Guanghan Sichuan 618307，China

摘要

摘要:
针对SR20飞机起落架减震器因国产O形橡胶密封圈替代原厂X形橡胶密封圈引发的密封寿命衰减问题，采用有限元分析方法对比研究O/X形橡胶密封圈密封性能差异。通过建立Mooney-Rivlin超弹性材料模型，模拟压力为5 MPa下动态往复运动工况的密封行为，重点对比分析O/X形橡胶密封圈的应力状态、接触面积和泄漏量等关键指标。同时基于参数化优化设计，对比O形和X形橡胶密封圈不同截面尺寸的密封性能，得出了密封性能最佳的截面尺寸参数。研究结果表明：O形橡胶密封圈的单线结构对比X形橡胶密封圈的多唇结构在动态工况下的密封稳定性更差。
- 起落架减震器 /
- 橡胶密封圈 /
- 有限元分析 /
- 动态密封性能 /
- 结构优化
Abstract:
To address the issue of seal life degradation in SR20 aircraft landing gear shock absorbers caused by the replacement of original X-rings with domestic O-rings, a comparative study on the sealing performance differences between O-ring and X-ring rubber seals was conducted through finite element analysis. By establishing a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic material model, the sealing behavior under 5 MPa pressure and dynamic reciprocating motion conditions was simulated, with a focus on comparative analysis of key indicators including stress state, contact area, and leakage volume for both seal types. Additionally, based on parametric optimization design, the sealing performance of O-rings and X-rings with different cross-sectional dimensions was compared, ultimately determining the optimal cross-sectional size parameters for sealing performance. The results indicated that the single-seal structure of the O-ring exhibited poorer sealing stability under dynamic conditions compared with the multi-lip structure of the X-shaped rubber sealing ring.
- landing gear shock absorber /
- rubber seal ring /
- finite element analysis /
- dynamic sealing performance /
- structural optimization

HTML

图 1 作动缸筒简化三维结构示意图

Figure 1. Simplified three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the actuator cylinder

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图 2 减震器二维模型网格划分

Figure 2. Two-dimensional model grid division of the damper

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图 3 O形橡胶圈接触对设置

Figure 3. O-ring contact pair setting

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图 4 X形和O形橡胶圈最大Von Mises应力

Figure 4. The maximum Von Mises stress of X-ring and O-ring

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图 5 X形和O形橡胶圈最大接触应力

Figure 5. The maximum contact stress of X-ring and O-ring

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图 6 O形和X形橡胶圈最大Von Mises应力变化趋势

Figure 6. Trend chart of the maximum Von Mises stress of O-ring and X-ring

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图 7 X形橡胶圈密封面接触长度示意图

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of X-ring seal surface contact length

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图 8 X形橡胶圈不同横截面高度最大Von Mises应力

Figure 8. The maximum Von Mises stress with different cross-sectional heights of the X-ring

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图 9 不同横截面高度最大Von Mises应力变化趋势

Figure 9. Variation trend of the maximum Von Mises stress with different cross-section heights

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图 10 不同横截面高度最大接触应力变化趋势

Figure 10. Variation trend of the maximum contact stress with different cross-section heights

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图 11 X形橡胶圈接触长度随横截面高度的变化

Figure 11. Contact length of the X-ring changing with the cross-sectional height

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图 12 X形橡胶圈泄漏量随横截面高度的变化

Figure 12. Leakage amount of the X-ring changing with the cross-sectional height

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图 13 O形橡胶圈不同截面直径最大Von Mises应力

Figure 13. The maximum Von Mises stress with different different cross-sectional diameters of O-ring

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图 14 不同截面直径最大Von Mises应力变化趋势

Figure 14. Variation trend of the maximum Von Mises stress with different cross-sectional diameters

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图 15 不同截面直径最大接触应力变化趋势

Figure 15. Variation trend of the maximum contact stress with different cross-sectional diameters

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图 16 O形橡胶圈接触长度随截面直径的变化

Figure 16. Contact length of O-ring changing with the cross-sectional diameter

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图 17 O形橡胶圈泄漏量随截面直径的变化

Figure 17. Leakage amount of O-ring changing with the cross-sectional diameter

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表 1 O形橡胶圈材料属性

Table 1. O-ring material properties

材料	密度/ （kg/m³）	C₁₀/ MPa	C₀₁/ MPa	不可压缩性参数D₁/10⁻⁹ （1/Pa）
丁腈橡胶	990	5	1.25	3

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表 2 刮油环材料属性

Table 2. Scraper ring material properties

材料	密度/ （kg/m³）	泊松比	弹性模量/ MPa	体积弹性模量/MPa	切变模量/ MPa
聚四氟乙烯	2300	0.45	600	2 000	206.9

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表 3 O形橡胶圈与X形橡胶圈总接触长度

Table 3. Total contact length of O-ring and X-ring mm

类型	尺寸	总接触长度
O形橡胶圈	截面直径为3.43	4.30072
X形橡胶圈	横截面高度为3.43	3.39507

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表 4 O形和X形橡胶圈泄漏量

Table 4. Leakage amount of O-ring and X-ring

类型	尺寸/mm	泄漏量/（mg/s）
O形橡胶圈	截面直径为3.43	0.0870
X形橡胶圈	横截面高度为3.43	0.0206

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表 5 密封度级别分类

Table 5. Classification of sealing degree levels

级别	名称	泄漏量范围/（mg/s）	典型应用
T1	经济型密封圈	≤1000	适用于一般工业设备
T2	标准型密封圈	≤100	适用于普通压力容器和管道系统
T3	紧密型密封圈	≤10	适用于高压或高温系统，如化工设备
T4	高紧密型密封圈	≤1	适用于高精度设备，如核工设备、部分航空航天设备
T5	超高紧密型密封圈	≤0.1	适用于极端环境，如航天器、核反应堆冷却系统等

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