外对流加热条件下方形通道内正癸烷的传热与裂解特性研究

胡希卓; 张胜哲; 程泽源; 朱剑琴; 武翼飞

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250278

外对流加热条件下方形通道内正癸烷的传热与裂解特性研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250278

1.
中国民航大学航空工程学院，天津 300300
2.
北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191
3.
中国民航大学天津市航空装备安全性与适航技术创新中心，天津 300300

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52106121，52306064）；中央高校基本科研业务费项目中国民航大学专项（3122019083）；天津市航空装备安全性与适航技术创新中心开放基金（JCZX-2022-KF-02）

详细信息

作者简介:
胡希卓（1989-），男，讲师、硕士生导师，博士，主要从事超临界碳氢燃料复杂流动传热研究。E-mail：xz_hu@cauc.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-06-10
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-22

Study on heat transfer and pyrolysis characteristics of n-decane in a square channel under external convective heat transfer conditions

1.
College of Aeronautical Engineering，Civil Aviation University of China，Tianjing 300300，China
2.
School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
3.
Tianjin Aviation Equipment Safety and Airworthiness Technology Innovation Center，Civil Aviation University of China，Tianjin 300300，China

摘要

摘要:
针对超临界碳氢燃料在超燃冲压发动机再生冷却通道中复杂的流动传热和裂解特性，在外表面传热边界条件下对非对称加热方形通道内超临界压力正癸烷的流动传热和裂解特性进行数值模拟研究，并与等热流密度和等壁面温度条件下的结果进行对比。研究得出了外表面传热条件下通道传热热阻的变化和内外温差的缩小导致加热表面热流密度和壁面温度的非单调变化规律，通道内裂解转化率、下壁面传热量占比随外燃气温度和外表面传热系数的提高而增加。不同类型热边界条件下的加热表面热流和壁面温度的变化范围、裂解特性以及各内壁面传热量占比均不相同。在外表面传热和等壁面温度条件下，裂解使通道外加热表面平均热流密度分别增加116.7 kW/m²和202.7 kW/m²。
- 再生冷却 /
- 方形通道 /
- 正癸烷 /
- 热边界条件 /
- 流动传热 /
- 裂解
Abstract:
The complex heat transfer and cracking characteristics of supercritical hydrocarbon fuels in scramjet engine regenerative cooling channels pose a significant challenge. To address this, this study investigated the flow and pyrolysis of supercritical-pressure n-decane in an asymmetrically heated rectangular channel under an external convective boundary condition. Results were compared with those under constant heat flux and constant wall temperature conditions. Numerical simulations revealed that under external convection, the variation of thermal resistance and reduced temperature difference between inner/outer walls led to non-monotonic changes in heating surface heat flux and wall temperature. The cracking conversion rate and heat transfer proportion through the lower wall increased with elevated external gas temperature and convection coefficient. Heating surface heat flux, wall temperature, cracking characteristics, and inner wall heat transfer distribution varied with thermal boundary conditions. Under the conditions of external convective heat transfer and constant wall temperature, the average heat flux of the heated surface outside the channel increased by 116.7 kW/m² and 202.7 kW/m², respectively.
- regenerative cooling /
- square channel /
- n-decane /
- thermal boundary condition /
- flow and heat transfer /
- cracking

HTML

图 1 实际再生冷却通道及结构示意图

Figure 1. Actual regenerative cooling channel and structure diagram

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图 2 模型简化示意图（单位：mm）

Figure 2. Model simplification diagram （unit：mm）

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图 3 正癸烷物性参数

Figure 3. Physical parameters of n-decane

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图 4 出口处壁面平均温度随网格数的变化

Figure 4. Average temperature of the wall at the outlet varies with the number of grids

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图 5 实验结果与数值计算结果对比图

Figure 5. Comparison of experimental results and numerical results

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图 6 不同外表面传热系数下正癸烷裂解转化率和温度

Figure 6. Conversion rate and temperature of n-decane pyrolysis under different external convective heat transfer coefficients

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图 7 加热表面温度和热流密度分布

Figure 7. Surface temperature and heat flux distribution of external heating

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图 8 中心纵截面（Z=0）流体温度及正癸烷质量分数云图

Figure 8. Cloud diagram of fluid temperature and n-decane mass fraction in the central longitudinal section （Z=0）

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图 9 各内壁面温度和热流密度分布

Figure 9. Temperature and heat flux distribution of each inner wall surface

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图 10 不同热边界加热面温度和热流密度分布

Figure 10. Temperature and heat flux distribution of heating surface with different thermal boundaries

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图 11 不同热边界条件下各壁面温度分布

Figure 11. Temperature distribution of each wall under different thermal boundary conditions

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图 12 不同热边界条件下各壁面热流密度分布

Figure 12. Heat flux distribution of each wall under different thermal boundary conditions

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图 13 不同边界条件下正癸烷裂解转化率分布

Figure 13. Distribution of n-decane cracking conversion rate under different boundary conditions

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表 1 不同计算条件下各内壁面传热量占比

Table 1. Proportion of heat transfer on each inner wall surface under different calculation conditions

T_g,∞/K	h_g/（W/（m²∙K））	传热量占比/%
		考虑裂解			不考虑裂解
		上壁面	侧壁面（单个）	下壁面	上壁面	侧壁面（单个）	下壁面
2300	1100	17.74	23.14	35.99	19.30	23.83	33.03
	1200	17.18	22.55	37.72	18.99	23.64	33.74
	1300	16.57	22.01	39.39	18.65	23.45	34.45
2400	1100	17.21	22.58	37.62	18.98	23.63	33.77
	1200	16.55	22.00	39.44	18.59	23.43	34.55
	1300	15.81	21.58	41.04	18.17	23.30	35.23
2500	1100	16.63	22.07	39.24	18.59	23.44	34.54
	1200	15.84	21.59	40.98	18.13	23.29	35.29
	1300	15.08	21.21	42.51	17.68	23.19	35.94

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表 2 不同热边界下有无裂解时各内壁面传热量占比和内壁面总传热量

Table 2. Proportion of heat transfer on each inner wall surface and the total heat transfer on the inner wall surface with or without cracking under different thermal boundaries

热边界条件	有/无裂解	传热量占比/%			总传热量/W
热边界条件	有/无裂解	上壁面	侧壁面（单个）	下壁面	总传热量/W
外表面传热T_g,∞=2300 K， h_g=1300 W/（m²·K）	有	16.57	22.02	39.39	3184.97
外表面传热T_g,∞=2300 K， h_g=1300 W/（m²·K）	无	18.65	23.45	34.45	2939.14
等热流密度q=1519.94 kW/m²	有	16.41	21.99	39.61	3184.97
等热流密度q=1519.94 kW/m²	无	17.52	23.23	36.03	3184.97
等壁面温度T=1130.81 K	有	17.18	22.82	37.18	3121.51
等壁面温度T=1130.81 K	无	19.45	24.26	32.02	2695.82

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