Film cooling characteristics of novel adjustable guide vane endwalls in variable geometry turbines
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摘要:
结合实验与数值模拟，对新型可调导叶的端壁气膜冷却特性开展了研究。对比了不同出口马赫数
Ma 工况下传统导叶与新型可调导叶端壁气膜冷却效率特性，研究了不同冷气与主流的质量流量比以及新型可调导叶不同转角状态下的气膜冷却效率变化规律。结果表明：在相同冷气与主流的质量流量比下，Ma 的变化对传统导叶和新型可调导叶的端壁气膜冷却效率均影响较小，气膜覆盖范围及冷却效果变化较小。随着冷气与主流的质量流量比增大，两种导叶端壁的气膜冷却效率都有所提升。新型可调导叶的转角变化会改变壁面附近的压力分布，从而对端区气膜冷却效率分布产生较大影响。Abstract:Combining experimental and numerical simulation, the endwall film cooling characteristics of novel variable guide vane were further examined. The film cooling characteristics on the endwalls of both the conventional vane and the novel variable guide vane were compared under different exit Mach number (
Ma ) conditions. The variations in film cooling effectiveness were investigated with respect to different coolant-to-mainstream mass flow ratios and different turning angles of the novel vane. The results indicated that, at the same coolant-to-mainstream mass flow ratios, variations inMa had a minor impact on the endwall film cooling effectiveness of both the conventional and novel vanes, with the coverage and magnitude of the cooling film exhibiting minimal changes. As the coolant-to-mainstream mass flow ratios increased, the film cooling effectiveness on the endwalls of both vane types improved. The turning angle change of the novel variable guide vane altered the near-wall pressure distribution, thus causing a significant influence on the distribution of endwall film cooling effectiveness.-
Key words:
- film cooling characteristics /
- variable guide vanes /
- endwall cooling /
- mass flow ratio /
- turning angle
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图 3 叶栅端壁前缘气膜孔布局
Figure 3. Layout of film cooling holes at the leading edge of the endwall
图 10 传统导叶端壁$\eta $随Ma的变化 （ε=1.0%）
Figure 10. Variation of conventional guide vane endwall $\eta $ with Ma （ε=1.0%）
图 11 传统导叶端壁$\bar \eta $沿轴向的变化 （ε=1.0%）
Figure 11. Variation of $\bar \eta $ along the axial direction at the endwall of a conventional guide vane （ε=1.0%）
图 12 新型可调导叶端壁$\eta $随Ma的变化（ε=1.0%）
Figure 12. Variation of novel adjustable guide vane endwall $\eta $ with Ma （ε=1.0%）
图 13 新型可调导叶端壁温度分布 （ε=1.0%）
Figure 13. Novel adjustable guide vane endwall temperature distribution （ε=1.0%）
图 14 新型可调导叶端壁$\eta $随ε的变化 （Ma=0.8）
Figure 14. Variation of novel adjustable guide vane endwall $\eta $ with ε （Ma=0.8）
图 15 新型可调导叶端壁$\bar \eta $沿周向的变化曲线 （Ma=0.8）
Figure 15. Variation curves of the $\bar \eta $ at the endwall of the novel adjustable guide vane along the circumferential direction （Ma=0.8）
图 16 不同状态新型可调导叶端壁$\eta $分布
Figure 16. Distribution of $\eta $ at the endwall of the novel adjustable guide vane in different states
图 17 不同状态新型可调导叶端壁静压分布
Figure 17. Distribution of static pressure at the endwall of the novel adjustable guide vane in different states
图 18 不同状态新型可调导叶端壁三维流线
Figure 18. 3D streamlines at the endwall of the novel adjustable guide vane in different states
表 1 叶片几何参数
Table 1. Blade geometric parameters
参数 数值 全周叶片数 46 下端壁进口半径/mm 325.755 上端壁进口半径/mm 365.755 叶高/mm 40 50%叶高轴向弦长/mm 34 展弦比（叶高/轴向弦长） 1.176 
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表 2 端壁前缘气膜孔布局参数
Table 2. Layout parameters of film cooling holes at the leading edge of the endwall
参数 数值 孔径/mm 1.47 两排孔轴向距离 2d 孔间距 4d 孔排布形式 叉排 孔距离叶片前缘距离/mm 5.5 孔出射角度/（°） 30
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表 3 实验测量工况
Table 3. Test and measurement conditions
实验工况 数值 出口马赫数 0.6，0.7，0.8 ε/% 0.5，1.0，1.5 转动状态 状态0，状态1，状态2
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