带射流腔圆管流动与传热特性数值模拟与实验研究

李明; 王永; 申家元; 刘兆轩; 李文明

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250422

带射流腔圆管流动与传热特性数值模拟与实验研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250422

李明^1,,
王永¹,
申家元²,
刘兆轩²,
李文明^2,*, ,

1.
协众国际热管理系统（江苏）股份有限公司，南京 211100
2.
东南大学能源与环境学院，南京 210096

基金项目: 国自然基金面上项目（52476060）

详细信息

作者简介:
李明（1988-），工程师，硕士，研究方向为新能源汽车热管理。E-mail：ming.li@njxiezhong.com

通讯作者:
李文明（1986-），教授、博士生导师，博士，研究方向为微尺度流动与传热。E-mail：wenmingli@seu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V228.3
计量
- 文章访问数: 39
- HTML浏览量: 37
- PDF量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-09-11
- 网络出版日期: 2026-10-07

Numerical simulation and experimental study on flow and heat transfer characteristics in tube with jet chamber

1.
Xiezhong International Thermal Management System （Jiangsu） Company Limited，Nanjing 211100，China
2.
School of Energy and Environment，Southeast University，Nanjing 210096，China

摘要

摘要:
针对传统圆管内单相表面传热过程中一直存在的厚热边界层以及流体混合不足的问题，研究了一种新型射流腔插入物，通过实验与数值模拟研究其在雷诺数Re=200～1100范围内对圆管内流体流动和传热的影响机理。结果显示，新型射流腔能够产生垂直于换热壁面的强射流，在流体热边界层内产生强烈的扰动，促进空间冷热流体的混合，显著地提升了对流传热效率，即努塞尔数（Nu）。相比于涡杆和翼型扰流结构，归一化的Nu提升了约一倍。同时，综合评价指标（η）也远高于两者，达到了2.4。此外，数值模拟结果显示，中心杆直径越大，换热性能越好，直径为6 mm时Nu高达117，相比光滑圆管提高了292%，综合评价指标（η）达到了2.86。因此，本文提出的新型射流腔插入物对管内表面传热有重要的影响作用，为设计高效圆管换热器提供了可选方案。
- 表面传热 /
- 强化传热 /
- 射流腔 /
- 边界层 /
- 增强混合
Abstract:
The single-phase convection heat transfer in traditional tube suffers from thick thermal boundary layer and insufficient fluid mixing. This study proposes a novel jet chamber insert to generate strong jetting flow. The effects of jet chamber on fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of tube are experimentally and numerically investigated for Reynolds number varying from 200 to 1100. The results indicate that the jet chamber is capable of generating jet flows that impacts the inner wall vertically and disrupts the fluid and thermal boundary layers. Spatial fluid mixing is achieved, significantly enhancing convective heat transfer in terms of Nusselt number (Nu). The experimental results indicate that the normalized Nu is enhanced about 1-fold compared to that of coiled wire and vortex rods inserts. Also, the performance evaluation criteria (η) is much higher, up to 2.4. Furthermore, the numerical study shows that the rod diameter has significant impact on fluid flow and heat transfer performance. The larger diameter leads to higher heat transfer performance. The Nu is up to 117 when the diameter is 6 mm. Compared to smooth tube without any insert, an enhancement of 292% is achieved. Additionally, the η is increased to 2.86. Finally, this new jet chamber insert is very effective in improving convection heat transfer performance of tube, providing practical solution for the design of efficient heat exchanger.
- Convective heat transfer /
- enhanced heat transfer /
- jet chamber /
- thermal boundary layer /
- enhanced mixing

HTML

图 1 射流腔插入件物理模型

Figure 1. Physical models of jet chamber

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图 2 实验台示意图以及测试样品模型

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup and test sample model

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图 3 实验可靠性与仿真模型验证

Figure 3. Experimental reliability and simulation model validation

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图 4 物理模型和边界条件

Figure 4. Physical model and boundary conditions

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图 5 出口水温和压降随网格数量的变化（Re=600）

Figure 5. Variation of outlet water temperature and pressure drop with number of grids（Re=600）

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图 6 射流腔和光滑管的平均壁面温度变化

Figure 6. Average wall temperature variation in the jet chamber and smooth tube

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图 7 射流腔和光滑管的Nu随Re变化

Figure 7. Nu versus Re for the jet chamber and smooth tube

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图 8 射流腔和光滑管的流动阻力比较

Figure 8. Comparison of flow resistance in jet chamber and smooth tube

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图 9 综合评价指标

Figure 9. Performance evaluation criteria

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图 10 入口Re=600，速度云图

Figure 10. Inlet Re=600, velocity contours

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图 11 入口Re=600，流场云图

Figure 11. Inlet Re=600, flow field contours

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图 12 入口Re=600，壁面及出口截面温度云图

Figure 12. Inlet Re=600, wall and outlet temperature contours

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图 13 中心杆直径对换热性能的影响

Figure 13. Effect of central rod diameter on heat transfer performance

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图 14 轴向速度云图

Figure 14. Axial velocity contours

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图 15 ⅰ-ⅰ截面径向速度分布

Figure 15. Radial velocity distribution in section ⅰ-ⅰ

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$ {D}_{0} $	射流腔翼片直径，mm	$ {t}_{\text{f,ave}} $	流体平均温度，℃
$ {D}_{\text{hole}} $	射流孔直径，mm	$ {t}_{\text{w,ave}} $	铜管内壁平均温度，℃
$ {D}_{\text{i}} $	射流腔腔室直径，mm	$ {\lambda }_{\text{w}} $	铜的热导率，W/（m·℃）
Φ	射流腔中心杆直径，mm	$ \lambda $	水的热导率，W/（m·℃）
$ {D}_{\text{in}} $	铜管内径，mm	L	铜管的长度，mm
$ {D}_{\text{out}} $	铜管外径，mm	$ {q}_{\text{eff}} $	有效热流密度，W/m²
$ {W}_{\text{d}} $	射流腔腔室长度，mm	Re	雷诺数
$ {W}_{\text{c}} $	射流腔腔室间距，mm	Nu	努塞尔数
$ {W}_{\text{b}} $	射流孔到腔室底部的最短距离，mm	h	表面传热系数，W/（m²·℃）
$ {W}_{\text{h}} $	射流孔间距，mm	u	流体入口速度，m/s
Q	加热功率，W	$\mu $	动力黏度，Pa·s
$ {Q}_{\text{loss}} $	热损，W	$ {p}_{\text{in}} $	流体入口压力，kPa
$ {t}_{\text{i}} $	热电偶测点温度，℃	$ {p}_{\text{out}} $	流体出口压力，kPa
$ {t}_{\text{w}} $	铜管外壁平均温度，℃	$ \Delta p $	压降，kPa
$ {t}_{\text{in}} $	入口水温，℃	$ f $	摩擦因数
$ {t}_{\text{out}} $	出口水温，℃	η	综合评价指标

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表 1 射流腔尺寸参数

Table 1. Jet chamber dimensional parameters mm

$ {D}_{0} $	$ {D}_{\text{i}} $	$ {D}_{\text{hole}} $	Φ	$ {W}_{\text{d}} $	$ {W}_{\text{c}} $	$ {W}_{\text{b}} $	$ {W}_{\text{h}} $
13.5	12	1.7	4	21	9	2	2.7

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表 2 各参数的直接和间接不确定度

Table 2. Direct and indirect uncertainties for each parameter

参数	不确定度
压力传感器/%	± 0.25
加热功率/%	± 1
热损/%	± 1
电压/%	± 0.5
电流/%	± 0.5
体积流量/%	± 0.5
温度/℃	± 0.4
有效热流密度/%	± 5.78
努塞尔数/%	± 6.4
系数换热系数/%	± 6.25

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