带挡油坝结构的轴向环下润滑流动与流量分配特性

盖泽鹏; 覃经文; 姜会庆; 曹逸韬; 胡剑平; 吕亚国; 刘振侠

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250427

带挡油坝结构的轴向环下润滑流动与流量分配特性

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250427

盖泽鹏^{1, 2,},
覃经文²,
姜会庆²,
曹逸韬^{1, 2},
胡剑平^{1, 3,*, ,},
吕亚国^{1, 3},
刘振侠^{1, 3}

1.
西北工业大学动力与能源学院，西安 710129
2.
中国航发湖南动力机械研究所，湖南株洲 412002
3.
轻型涡轮动力全国重点实验室，西安 710129

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（J2019-Ⅲ-0023-0067）

详细信息

作者简介:
盖泽鹏（1997-），男，博士生，主要从事航空发动机滑油系统和空气系统研究。E-mail：gaizp@mail.nwpu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
胡剑平（1984-），男，副教授，博士，主要从事航空发动机滑油系统和空气系统研究。E-mail：hujp@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V233.4
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- 文章访问数: 256
- HTML浏览量: 105
- PDF量: 22
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-09-12
- 网络出版日期: 2026-03-18

Flow and flow-rate distribution characteristics of axial under-race lubrication with oil dam structure

Gai Zepeng^{1, 2
,},
Qin Jingwen²,
Jiang Huiqing²,
Cao Yitao^{1, 2},
Hu Jianping^{1, 3,*
, ,},
Lyu Yaguo^{1, 3},
Liu Zhenxia^{1, 3}

1.
School of Power and Energy，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710129，China
2.
Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Zhuzhou Hunan 412002，China
3.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Light-duty Gas-turbine，Xi’an 710129，China

摘要

摘要:
为探究提升航空发动机滑油系统润滑效果、实现多点位按需精确润滑的设计方法，提出了一种带挡油坝的轴向环下润滑结构，对其内部的油气两相流动过程和滑油流量分配特性开展了数值研究，在验证数值方法准确性的基础上，分析了供油流量、转速、供油温度和挡油坝周向夹角对花键和轴承的润滑流量及其分配比的影响规律，并揭示了影响因素的作用机制。结果表明：滑油在旋转离心作用下形成具有显著分相流动特征的连续油膜，经挡油坝分隔后输送至轴承和花键。在不同工况下，花键和轴承的流量分配比与挡油坝周向夹角比的相对偏差在6%以内，表现出良好的一致性。挡油坝周向夹角比越大，在初始阶段更多的滑油会滞留在收油腔内，导致出口流量减小；在稳定阶段出口流量比随挡油坝周向夹角比呈近似等比例线性变化，偏差最大为4.72%。相关研究验证了在不同工况下通过调节挡油坝周向夹角来控制流量分配关系的有效性，较好地实现了同时对轴承和花键按需精确润滑的要求。
- 轴向环下润滑 /
- 挡油坝 /
- 输油通道 /
- 油气两相流 /
- 轴承 /
- 花键
Abstract:
To study the design approaches for enhancing lubrication effect of aero-engine lubrication system and achieving precise, on-demand lubrication at multiple locations, an axial under-race lubrication structure with oil dam was presented. Numerical study was conducted on the internal oil-gas two-phase flow process and oil flow-rate distribution characteristics. Based on verifying the accuracy of the numerical methods, the influences of oil flow-rate, rotational speed, oil temperature, and the circumferential angle of oil dam on the oil flow-rate and distribution ratio of the lubricated spline and bearing were analyzed, and the mechanism of the factors was also revealed. The results indicated that the oil formed a continuous film with marked phase-separated flow characteristics under rotational centrifugation, and was delivered to the bearing and spline after being segregated by the oil dam. The relative deviation between the lubrication flow-rate of spline and bearing and the circumferential angle ratio of oil dam under different conditions remained within 6%, showing good consistency. The larger circumferential angle ratio of oil dam indicated the more oil trapped in the oil collection chamber during the initial state, resulting in reduced outlet flow-rate. The outlet flow-rate varied approximately linearly with the circumferential angle ratio of oil dam during the steady state, with a maximum deviation of 4.72%. Relevant studies validated the effectiveness of controlling flow-rate distribution by adjusting the circumferential angle of oil dam under varying conditions, achieving precise lubrication requirements for both bearing and spline as needed.
- axial under-race lubrication /
- oil dam /
- oil passage /
- oil-gas two-phase flow /
- bearing /
- spline

HTML

图 1 轴向环下润滑收油试验系统示意图

Figure 1. Diagram of oil capture test system for axial under-race lubrication

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图 2 轴向环下润滑的试验段结构示意图

Figure 2. Diagram of test section structure for axial under-race lubrication

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图 3 轴向环下润滑数值计算模型

Figure 3. Computational model for axial under-race lubrication

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图 4 不同挡油坝周向夹角的收油环计算域

Figure 4. Computational domain for oil capture rings at different circumferential angle of oil dam

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图 5 轴向环下润滑模型的计算网格

Figure 5. Computational grids of axial under-race lubrication model

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图 6 非定常计算的时间步长敏感性验证

Figure 6. Time step sensitivity verification of unsteady computation

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图 7 数值计算方法的准确性验证

Figure 7. Accuracy verification of numerical computation method

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图 8 轴向环下润滑内部滑油流动过程

Figure 8. Oil flow process within axial under-race lubrication

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图 9 收油腔内壁面滑油流动过程

Figure 9. Oil flow process on the wall within oil capture chamber

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图 10 轴向环下润滑内部油气两相分布

Figure 10. Distribution of oil-gas two-phase flow within axial under-race lubrication

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图 11 不同供油流速下出口滑油流量随时间的变化情况

Figure 11. Variation of outlet oil flow rate with time at different oil flow rates

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图 12 花键和轴承润滑的出口滑油流量随供油流速的变化关系

Figure 12. Variation of spline and bearing outlet oil flow rate with oil flow velocities

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图 13 花键和轴承润滑的滑油流量比随供油流速的变化关系

Figure 13. Variation of spline and bearing oil flow rate ratio with oil flow velocities

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图 14 不同转速下出口滑油流量随时间的变化情况

Figure 14. Variation of outlet oil flow rate with time at different rotational speeds

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图 15 花键和轴承润滑的出口滑油流量随转速的变化关系

Figure 15. Variation of spline and bearing outlet oil flow rate with rotational speeds

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图 16 花键和轴承润滑的滑油流量比随转速的变化关系

Figure 16. Variation of spline and bearing oil flow rate ratio with rotational speeds

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图 17 不同供油温度下出口滑油流量随时间的变化情况

Figure 17. Variation of outlet oil flow rate with time at different oil temperature

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图 18 花键和轴承润滑的出口滑油流量随供油温度的变化关系

Figure 18. Variation of spline and bearing outlet oil flow rate with oil temperature

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图 19 花键和轴承润滑的滑油流量比随供油温度的变化关系

Figure 19. Variation of spline and bearing oil flow rate ratio oil temperature

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图 20 不同挡油坝周向夹角比下出口滑油流量随时间的变化情况

Figure 20. Variation of outlet oil flow rate with time at different circumferential angles of oil dam

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图 21 花键和轴承润滑的滑油流量及其流量比随挡油坝周向夹角比的变化关系

Figure 21. Variation of oil flow rate and its ratio for spline and bearing with circumferential angle of oil dam

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图 22 轴承和花键的出口滑油流量及其流量比随供油流量的变化情况

Figure 22. Variation of outlet oil flow rate and its ratio for spline and bearing with oil flow rates

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表 1 供油喷嘴流量的重复性测试

Table 1. Repeatability testing of oil supply nozzle flow rate

编号	供油流量/ （g/s）	平均流量/ （g/s）	标准差/ （g/s）	相对不确定度/%
1	36.154	36.255	0.229	0.785
2	36.568
3	36.421
4	36.034
5	36.097

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表 2 未进入轴承和花键滑油流量的重复性测试

Table 2. Repeatability testing of oil flow rate not entering bearing and spline

编号	量筒收集流量/（g/s）	平均流量/ （g/s）	标准差/ （g/s）	相对不确定度/%	收油效率/%
1	0.413	0.408	0.007	2.133	98.86
2	0.398				98.91
3	0.404				98.89
4	0.416				98.85
5	0.409				98.87

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表 3 计算工况点的边界条件

Table 3. Boundary condition of computation cases

设计参数	供油流速/ （m/s）	转速/ （r/min）	供油温度/℃	挡油坝周向夹角比α∶β
供油流量（3×4）组	15	8000 14000 20000	65	0.184
	18.5
	22.5
	25
转速（3×5）组	22.5	8000	25 65 100	0.184
		11390
		14000
		17000
		20000
供油温度（3×4）组	18.5 22.5 25	14000	25	0.184
			65
			100
			125
挡油坝周向夹角（3×3）组	15 22.5 25	14000	65	0.125 0.184 0.268

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表 4 4106滑油物性参数

Table 4. 4106 oil physical parameters

温度/℃	密度/（kg/m³）	动力黏度/（N·s/m²）
25	966.6	0.0446
65	937.3	0.0105
100	911.6	0.0046
125	893.3	0.0029

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表 5 网格无关性验证

Table 5. Grid-independent verification

网格数量/10⁶	轴承润滑流量/（kg/s）	花键润滑流量/（kg/s）
1.49	0.0632	0.0061
2.36	0.0611	0.0087
3.51	0.0596	0.0104
4.55	0.0590	0.0110
5.74	0.0589	0.0111

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